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DEVELOPMENT LESSON KEY TERMS

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35 views3 pages

DEVELOPMENT LESSON KEY TERMS

eco

Uploaded by

dharani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ECONOMICS

DEVELOPMENT -1
KEY TERMS:

Per Captia Income:  The average income of an individual in a country. It


reflects the people's standard of living and can be used to
compare the economic conditions of various countries.
 It is calculated by dividing the area's total income by its
total population.
Literacy Rate:  measures the proportion of literate population in the 7-and-
above age group
Infant Mortality Rate Indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year
as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year
Attendance Ratio  The total number of children of age group 14 and 15 years
attending school as a percentage of total number of
children in the same age group
Life Expectancy  The number of years a person can expect to live.
 Life expectancy is based on an estimate of the average
age that members of a particular population group will be
when they die
Gross Enrolment The ratio of the number of people enrolled in higher education to
Ratio the total population in the age group of 18–23.
Human  The HDI is a summary composite measure of a country's
Development Index average achievements in three basic aspects of human
development: health, knowledge and standard of living.
 a summary measure of key dimensions of human
development:
 a long and healthy life, a good education, and a decent
standard of living. Higher values indicate higher human
development
 It is calculated based on three major factors, which include
life expectancy, education and per capita income.

Income and Other Goals


 Different persons can have different developmental goals
 what may be development for one may not be development for the other. It
may even be destructive for the other

People want more income. Money, or material things that one can buy with it, is one
factor on which our life depends. However, the quality of our life also depends on
non-material things such as equal treatment, freedom, security and respect for
others. For development, people look at a mix of goals. The developmental goals are
not only about better income but also about other important things in life.

National Development
Different persons could have different as well as conflicting notions of a country’s
development.

How to Compare Different Countries or States?


To compare countries, their income is considered to be one of the most important
attributes. Countries with higher incomes are more developed than others with less
income. As different countries have different populations, comparing total income will
not tell us what an average person earns. So, we compare the average income of
countries.

Average income is the total income of the country divided by its total population. It
is also called per capita income.

Average Income = Total Income of Country / Total Population of Country

In World Development Reports, per capita income is used in classifying countries.

1. Countries with per capita income of US$ 12,056 per annum and above in 2017, are
called rich countries.
2. Countries with per capita income of US$ 955 or less are called low-income countries.
Eg: India.

Income and Other Criteria


When we think of a nation or a region, besides average income, public facilities are
equally significant attributes.

Public Facilities: These are the services provided by the government to its citizens.
Some of the important public facilities include infrastructure, sanitation, public
transport, health care, water, etc.

Sustainability of Development
Sustainable development is defined as development that meets the needs of the
present without compromising the ability of future generations. Scientists have been
warning that the present type and levels of development are not sustainable. Some
of the examples are:

 Overuse of groundwater
 Exhaustion of natural resources
Frequently Asked Questions on CBSE Class
10 Economics Notes Chapter 1 Development
Q1

What is ‘per capita income’?

Per capita income is a measure of the amount of income earned per person in a
nation or geographic region.
Q2

What are some of the public facilities in India?

Some of the public facilities in India are schools, healthcare, colleges, electricity,
sanitation, public transport, safe drinking water, etc.
Q3

What are the advantages of sustainable


development?

1. Secure and proper lifestyle for future generations 2. Reduces various kinds of
pollution on Earth 3. Economic growth and development

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