QandA - dairyfarm - Farm that is operational at Hessarghatta - Google Project Hosting

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QandA
Updated Jul 20, 2010 by [email protected]

1) Whether exotic variety Holstein Friesian cow is available in India? What is the nearby area (near Kolkata) where these cows could be bought? - How much a pure Holstein Friesian may cost each? How much a cross breed Holstein Friesian cow may cost? Where such cross breed HF cow available near Kolkata? The area for buying HF cows can be Haryana, Punjab, Gujarat & Maharashtra. Pure may cost you in between 40-50,000 whereas Crossbred will be in the range of 20-40,000 depending upon Milk in 300 days which can range from 3000-4500 litres. 2) How much milk a cross-breed Holstein Friesian give? How much milk an exotic variety of Holstein Friesian cow give? Crpss breds can give from 3000-7500 litre while Pure can give upto 12 -15000 litres in 300 days. 3) I came to know that milking by milking machine gives 20% additional milk. Also milking 3 times a day in 8 hours interval, increases milk yield by 30%. Please let me know whether same is true with cross breed Holstein Frisian cow. It is totally false information. Milk yield depends upon its genetic potential as well as Feeding Practices. 4) Does cooling arrangement (fan with mist spray) during summer help increase milk yield for cross breed Holstein Friesian cow? Whether increase in milk-yield is remunerative compared to the associated cost of cooling arrangement? Not really,. Difference can be hardly 2-4%. 5) What should be the minimum herd strength to make economical and remunerative Dairy Farm? How much it would cost me to build a shed (low cost building) suitable for such farm? How much should be the covered area per cow? The minimum strength should be around 25 since not all animals are milking always. It is only 60% who are in Milk. Cost would be around 10,000 per animal. The area should be about 50 sq.ft. 6) I came to know that green fodder could substantially reduce the cost of concentrate, thereby reduce the cost of milk production. What sort of green fodder (both leguminous and non-leguminous) can be cultivated round the year in our area? Climatic condition in my village is extreme, with temperature in summer goes as high as 46 ~47C and in winter it goes down to 6 ~7C. Rainfall is less. However we have irrigation facilities through bore-well. This can be determined only after looking at the village as well as the soil structure & its pH etc. 7) How much dry-fodder, green-fodder and concentrate should be given to a milking cow? The total grass needed is 3% of the bodya wt ( excluding the water content in greens as green grass contain minimum 50% water ). This means for 500 Kg cow the total fodder would be 15 kgs out of which 40% should be dry which is = 6 kgs & remaining is Green grass = 9 Kgs nut actually 18 Kgs is needed as Green fodder contains 50% water & this weight has not to be considered. 8) What sort of concentrate should be fed? What it should contain? In other words how to make home made concentrate to beat the cost? It is better to bring Cattle Feed manufactured by Companies as the process is too intricate. 9) What about mineral mix? How to prepare it? Buy it from the market depending upon your Milk yield. Dont try to prepare it. 10) I want to do retail marketing of milk through poly-pack in Kolkata, where demand for cow milk is good. Is it required to be pasteurized before packing? No. 11) Do I need a chiller to preserve milk from going off? What size do you recommend and how much it would cost? Chiller size depends upon the total milk collected. You can get from 500-10,000 litre capacity. 12) What cow should I purchase, namely Dry pregnant or Milking but pregnant? Dry Pregnant. 13) Which one is good so far milk is yield is concerned- Freestall or Tie-stall? Tie stall. Please do send all your Queries to Dr. Chandrakiran Sant, Dairy Management Advisor. ( You may try google search also for Dr.C.N.Sant) We take up Dairy farms on Turnkey basis. Thanking you & with warm regards, Dr.Chandrakiran N.Sant Dairy Management Advisor 098606 00133 [email protected] Pointers for starting a Dairy Farm Prepared by VET Helpline India team, in consultation with Dr. P. A. Deore, Pune How safe is the dairy business? Starting the Dairy farm... Selecting the animal (Cows v/s Buffaloes) Various Breeds Infrastructure and Manpower requirements Sample Project Report How safe is the Dairy Business?

http://code.google.com/p/dairyfarm/wiki/QandA

20-01-2012

QandA - dairyfarm - Farm that is operational at Hessarghatta - Google Project Hosting

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Dairy farming is a safe business for the following reasons: It is eco-friendly and does not cause environmental pollution as compared to other industries. Requirement of skilled labour is relatively less. Dairy product market is active round the year. Minimum investment on inventory. (No need to to stock raw materials in huge quantities.) Entire establishment can be shifted to a new location (if need arises e.g. Fire, Floods etc.) One can insure animals. Less energy requirement. Biogas plant fed with cow dung can supply maximum energy to meet farms day to day requirement. Decomposed slurry of such plant can also be effectively used as organic manure. Limitations and Constraints: Breeding of animals and getting expected milk yield is a biological phenomenon, which depends upon various factors. Dairy farming besides good planning requires hardworking, reliable and alert manager. In India, usually persons from the family take the responsibility. Inadequate management of feeding ,heard health and lack of quality control in various stage of production can cause major loss affecting the profitability of the entire venture. Starting the Farm - How to begin... One needs to decide first on the aims and objective of the farm. Every year there should be a progressive aim for breeding ( including number of animals to be maintained) and production. You can visit dairy farms that run on commercial basis and have a discussion with experienced farm owners. You need not have to rely much on others experience, analyze every event logically and if needed consult with local Veterinarians for more information. If you plan to manage the farm on your own, look for opportunities to work for an existing farm for a minimum period of six months. Develop interest and study feed and fodder's market in your region, its difficulties in relation to seasons. Manage a good team of labourers. You need to choose hardworking reliable persons preferably with some experience. You can also train them for specific jobs. Visit the cattle market occasionally. Observe animals on sale and talk with persons engaged with purchasing of animals. Read magazines on Dairy Industry and keep yourself informed. Getting some initial professional training... Opportunities for training are available with most of the: Agricultural/Veterinary Universities of various states Krishi Vigyan Kendras State Department of Animal Husbandry You can also choose to inquire with National level organization like: National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) Karnal (Haryana) - For training on rearing of dairy animals and manufacture of milk products. Alternately, you can also look for training facilities of non-governmental organizations that are active in farming sectors. Selecting the animal to farm with - Cows v/s. Buffaloes Cows Buffaloes Good quality cows are available in the market and it cost around Rs.1200 to Rs.1500 per liter of milk production per day. (e.g. Cost of a cow producing 10 liter of Milk per day will be between Rs.12,000 to Rs.15,000). If proper care is given, cows breed regularly giving one calf every 13-14 month interval. They are more docile and can be handled easily. Good milk yielding cross breeds (Holstein and Jersey crosses) has well adapted to Indian climate. The fat percentage of cow's milk varies from 3-5.5% and is lower then Buffaloes. In India, we have good buffalo breeds like Murrah and Mehsana, which are suitable for commercial dairy farm. Buffalo milk has more demand for making butter and butter oil (Ghee), as fat percentage in milk is higher then cow. Buffalo milk is also preferred for making tea, a welcoming drink in common Indian household. Buffaloes can be maintained on more fibrous crop residues, hence scope for reducing feed cost. Buffaloes largely mature late and give birth to calves at 16 to 18 months interval. Male calves fetch little value. Buffaloes need cooling facility e.g. Wallowing tank or showers / foggers with fan. A suggestion to help you in deciding the animal to farm with: Middle class health-conscious Indian families prefer low fat milk for consumption as liquid milk. We suggest you to go for a commercial farm of mixed type. (Cross breed, cows and buffaloes kept in separate rows under one shed). Conduct a through study of the immediate market where you are planning to market your milk You can mix milk from both type of animals and sold as per need of the market. Hotels and some general customers (can be around 30%) prefer pure buffalo milk. Hospitals, sanitariums prefer cow's milk. What are the various breeds? What is the economic life of animals? Popular buffalo milch breeds are Murrah, Surti, Mehasani, Jaffrabadi, and Nali - Ravi and Badhawari. The indigenous milch breeds of cattle are Gir, Sahiwal, Red Sindhi and Tharparkar. The exotic breeds of cattle are Holstein Friesian, Jersey and Brown Swiss. Economic life of buffaloes is 5-6 lactation and that of Crossbreed cows is 6-7 lactation. The minimum economic size to go with? Under Indian condition a commercial dairy farm should consist of minimum 20 animals (10 cows, 10 buffaloes) this strength can easily go up to 100 animals in proportion of 50:50 or 40:60. After this however, you need to review your strength and market potential before you chose to go for expansion. A glance at the Infrastructure and Manpower requirements The space required per animal should be 40 sq.ft in shed and 80sq.ft open space. Besides, you will also need: One room 10'' x 10'' for keeping implements. One room 10''x 12'' for milk storage Office cum living room of suitable size. Water tank capable of storing minimum 2000 liters Bore well with capacity to fill water tank in 1 hr Total land requirement for a unit of 20 animals can be sited as 3000 sq.ft. There should be space for expansion. Ideal space requirement for 100 animals is 13,000 to 15,000 sq.ft (120" x 125''). For 20 animals initially, you can make contractual arrangements for getting an assured supply of 300 kgs. of Lucerne and 400 kgs. of maize fodder per day. However, in long run, as the strength of you farm will go up to 100 animals, It is advisable that you should go for a lease land of 15 to 20 acres with irrigation facility to cultivate green fodder for your animals. (One acre of green fodder cultivation for every five animals is required as a thumb rule.) The economics of whole dairy animal management depends upon its economic feeding. By making fodder's like Lucerne or Berseem available for your animals you can reduced cost on feeding concentrate feed. The strength of labourers in your farm can vary with number of animals usually the thumb rule is one labour for every 10 animals on milk or 20 dry animals or 20 young stock. Sample Project Report - Animal Dairy Unit Click here to download a sample Project Report on Animal Dairy units. Do you want to add any information to above article? Contact us..... An Appeal

http://code.google.com/p/dairyfarm/wiki/QandA

20-01-2012

QandA - dairyfarm - Farm that is operational at Hessarghatta - Google Project Hosting

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For the benefit of entrepreneurs, the VET Helpline team is currently working for preparing a comprehensive list of: Cattle Markets in India Statewise Major Service providers for dairy farmers (including farmer's organizations, if any). We invite learned visitors of our website to contribute information in this regard. Due credit will be given to the source.

Comment by [email protected], Apr 21, 2011 pls include per cattle income per year / per month. Enter a comment: Hint: You can use Wiki Syntax.

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