pp2090_short-circuit-isolation_issue-262
pp2090_short-circuit-isolation_issue-262
Short-circuit Isolation
in Addressable Fire Detection and Alarm Systems
The requirement for isolation Isolator type
Analogue addressable fire detection systems are usually designed There are three types of isolator used in Apollo products:
as loops, with the connecting wires starting and finishing at the fire
control panel. Detection devices, manual call points and interfaces are • The original circuit known as 20D, has been in use since the
connected at intervals along the cables. Depending on the national or introduction of XP95
local regulations, audible and visual alarm devices are connected either
• The 20I circuit was developed in order to reduce the test current
to the same loop as the detection devices or via dedicated loops. Spurs
which is applied to isolated sections of the loop. It reduces the test
may be connected at any point of the loop, either directly from the loop
current by half.
wires or from an interface, subject to national or local regulation.
• The 20C isolator is the latest development which performs much
Short-circuits do not occur very often, but when they do, the consequences
like the 20I isolator but with advanced features that allow additional
can be serious, possibly making the affected loop entirely inoperative. It
is for this reason that isolators have been designed and incorporated control of the isolator through Apollo CoreProtocol.
into various devices that are connected to the loop. The purpose of these
isolating circuits is to protect the loop in the event of a short or partial Fire control panel compatibility
short-circuit by disconnecting the part of the loop where the short-circuit
has occurred. When the short-circuit fault has been rectified, the isolating Fire control panels that are certificated by Apollo are also compatible with
circuitry automatically reconnects the affected section of the loop. Apollo isolators.
CoreProtocol enabled control panels are able to send a command to 20C
Features of isolating circuits isolators which will set a switch open (isolated) state. When the command
is reset the isolator will autonomously revert to a closed switch state if no
Isolators are available in different forms: short-circuit is present. It is not possible for 20C isolators to be remotely
switched from an open switch to a closed switch state.
• As a stand-alone ‘isolator’ which is fitted onto special detector style
‘isolator bases’
System design
• Incorporated into the detector mounting base, known as ‘isolating
bases’ It is essential that both loop loading and isolator requirements are taken
• Integrated into Apollo devices such as manual call points, audible into consideration when designing a fire detection system.
and visual alarm devices, interfaces or detection devices (see Table Generally the loop devices are wired in sequence, so the number of devices
1) between isolators should equal an EDL of 20. If a star configuration is
Isolators are intended for use with Apollo systems using XP95®, used at a node in the system there may be more than one isolator being
Discovery® and CoreProtocol®. Isolators are polarity sensitive and switch powered at the same time so 4 EDL should be added to the node for each
the negative line of the loop. additional isolator being powered simultaneously.
Devices including or fitted to isolators remain operative when an adjacent Apollo offers a software programme with which the loop loading viability
loop section is in the isolated state. The isolated state is normally of a design can be checked. The LoopCalc programme can be downloaded
indicated by a LED illuminated yellow on the device and through the at www.apollo-fire.co.uk
protocol for CoreProtocol systems. Note: All detectors and other devices between any two isolators or isolating devices
must be in the same fire zone because communications will be lost if a short circuit
occurs between isolators. This design consideration may be subject to national or local
Equivalent Detector Load regulations.
SA5501-551APO Intelligent O-A Sndr VAD Cat. W - WT Bdy (RD Fl) (W-3.1-9) X 2
SA5900-100APO Intelligent DIN Manual Call Point X 1
SA5900-104APO Intelligent DIN Manual Call Point – Yellow X 1
SA5900-105APO Intelligent DIN Manual Call Point – Blue X 1
SA5900-106APO Intelligent DIN Manual Call Point – Green X 1
SA5900-903APO Intelligent Manual Call Point - White X 1
SA5900-904APO Intelligent Manual Call Point - Yellow X 1
SA5900-905APO Intelligent Manual Call Point - Blue X 1
SA5900-906APO Intelligent Manual Call Point - Green X 1
Notes-
55000-740/743 Loop-powered VAD (Cat C-15m) - Special Instructions: Product requires a specialist installation method, please purchase kit 55000-
747APO (C-3-15, red body) or 55000-748APO (C-3-15, white body) and refer to IG:39215-365 for further information.