2nd Form Mathematics

Topic: Consumer Arithmetic

Week: 7, 8 April 19 – 30, 2021 Package 4, 2nd Semester
Teacher: Mr. Carlos G. Trujillo

“Education should no longer be most imparting of knowledge, but must take a new path,
seeking the release of human potentialities.” – Maria Montessori

Hello my Second Form Math student ☺,

Best wishes as you begin your 4th paper base learning. Thank you for your effort and
dedication in doing your part for your math course. I encourage you to do your best
daily by reading the material and practicing the examples daily. I am praying for you
and I wish you God’s blessings.
• If you have any concern, contact me at 6154749 or email me to make arrangements
for a meeting during the hours of 10 am – 2 pm. Make clear your queries for help in
math.
• If you are able to have access to the net, I invite you to visit your Google Classroom
under the Classwork Section to find in the Package IV Heading the lesson and
especially the recorded video of the live session held in Zoom. Watch it so you can
understand the math concepts in order to do your practice and graded classwork.
You can also join the live session in Zoom as a guest using my I. D. and pass code to
listen to the lesson when delivered.
• The package consists of the concepts that you will learn for the week.
o Objectives
o Definition of concepts and principles
o Examples of how to achieve the objective
o Some practice problems for you to review the math ideas.
• DO NOT SUBMIT the papers that have the MATH NOTES. Keep the notes for your studies.
• The last page has the classwork worth, 40 points that you will submit only.

Dear Parent/Guardian,
Thank you for your time you spend with your child encouraging and assisting him/her
to learn and accomplish their assessment. Should your child have any difficulty in
understanding or doing the math work, don’t hesitate in contacting me, 615-4749 so we
can find a solution.
Each week your child math concepts to learn and a practice activity to review the
math concept learnt. At the end of the package, there is a graded classwork. Please
sign the work that your child is submitting. There is Math Log sheet in the package to
keep track of the classwork your child sends and receives back graded.
This is the 4th package for the second semester your child will be working on. All their
assessments will be added for their cumulative 2nd semester grade.
I wish you God’s blessing.

Mr. Carlos G. Trujillo

1|Page Sem. II Pac kage 4

 Week 1 April 19 – 23 Lessons
Subtopic: Consumer Arithmetic
Objectives:
I will able to
• Calculate the profit percent or loss percent
• Calculate the cost price
• Calculate the selling price

READ and Follow ALL instructions.

Consumer Arithmetic is the branch of math that interprets business transactions. For this
week, you will review and learn how to solve problems involving profit, loss, cost and selling
price. The table below shows the formulas that you will need to calculate quantities.

Profit, Loss, Tax, Discount, Hire Purchase Formulas

𝑃 = Profit 𝐿 = Loss 𝐶. 𝑃. = Cost Price 𝑆. 𝑃. = Selling Price
𝑃 = 𝑆. 𝑃. −𝐶. 𝑃. 𝑃100% 𝑆. 𝑃. −𝐶. 𝑃.
𝑃% = 𝑜𝑟 =
𝐶. 𝑃. 𝐶. 𝑃.
𝐿 = 𝐶. 𝑃 − 𝑆. 𝑃
𝐿100% 𝐶. 𝑃. −𝑆. 𝑃.
𝐿% = 𝑜𝑟 =
𝐶. 𝑃. 𝐶. 𝑃.

$𝐶. 𝑃. (100% + 𝑃%) $𝑆. 𝑃. 100%

$𝑆. 𝑃. = $𝐶. 𝑃. =
100% (100% + 𝑃%)

$𝐶. 𝑃. (100% − 𝐿%) $𝑆. 𝑃. 100%

$𝑆. 𝑃. = $𝐶. 𝑃. =
100% (100% − 𝐿%)

Use ratio to setup proportion Use ratio to setup proportion

$𝑆. 𝑃. ∶ 100% − 𝐿% $𝑆. 𝑃. ∶ 100% + 𝑃%
$𝐶. 𝑃. ∶ 100% $𝐶. 𝑃. ∶ 100%
Cross Multiply values in the ratio Cross Multiply values in the ratio
Steps to solve a word problem
1. Read the problem carefully to find what you need to calculate.
2. Identify the key word or objective: profit, loss, cost price, selling price
3. Setup the formula or the ratio proportional components.
4. Substitute the numerical quantities in the formula for the symbols
5. Calculate, Label answer well using the words from the problem.
Profit and Loss
1. Abraham bought a music system for $ 6075.00 and He sold it for $ 6400.00. Find his profit
percent.

2. Joy bought pens at $ 120 a dozen. He sold it for $ 8 each. What is his loss percent?

2|Page Sem. II Pac kage 4

Cost and Selling Price
1. A second-hand car was sold for $ 19,000, at a loss of 8.5%. Find the cost price of the car.

2. A businesswoman sold a gas cooker for $1,209 making a profit of 12% on the cost price.
Calculate the cost price of the gas cooker.

3. Simi bought a study table for $900. She sold it at a profit of 20%. How much profit did she
make? What is the selling price?

4. An entrepreneur buys a JBL Bluetooth speaker from a manufacturer for $485. Calculate the
a. selling price if he wants to makes a profit of 30%
b. loss of 14% if it is sold with damage case.

Exercise/Practice:
• Follow the format of the examples solved to solve the following problems:
1. Mr. Smith buys pencils at $ 250 per hundred and sells each at $ 1.75. Find his loss or
profit.

3|Page Sem. II Pac kage 4

 2. Davis bought a second-hand cycle for $ 500. He spent $ 80 in repairs and $ 175 in
repainting. He then sold it to John for $ 900. How much did he gain or lose?
3. Albert bought his bicycle for $275. He sold it for $350
(a) What was his profit?
(b) What was his percentage profit?
4. A fruit vendor bought 600 apples for $ 4800. He spent $ 400 on transportation. How
much should he sell each to get a profit of $ 1000?
5. A merchant sold a pen for $6.90, thereby making a profit of 15% on the cost to her.
Calculate the cost price.
6. An entrepreneur sold a damaged bed sheet for $130.50 thereby making a loss of 13%
on the cost price. Find the cost price of the bedsheet
7. A salesman buys a stove from a manufacturer. The salesman sells the stove for $1,850
at a profit for 25%. How much did the salesman pay for the manufacturer for the
stove?
8. Tim bought a box of chocolates for $ 650 and sold it to Tom at a profit of 7.5%. Find the
selling price.
9. A businesswoman bought a refrigerator from a manufacturer for $1,378. Calculate.
(a) the selling price if she makes a profit of 17.5%.
(b) the selling price if she incurs a loss of 35%
10. David bought 2 dozen eggs for $ 56. Since 6 of them broke, he incurred a loss of $ 20
on selling them. What was the selling price of one egg?

Week 2 April 26 – 30 Lessons

Subtopic: Consumer Arithmetic
Objectives:
I will able to
• Calculate the discount or discounted price
• Calculate the tax or price with tax
• Calculate the hire purchase price

READ and Follow ALL instructions

• Discount is a deduction from the cost of an item, given during a sale, advance
payment or to a special category of buyers. Discount uses the principle and
procedure of loss to solve for problems.
• Tax is a compulsory contribution to state revenue, levied by the government on
workers' income and business profits, or added to the cost of some goods, services,
and transactions.
• Sales Tax - Belize has General Sales Tax (GST) adding 12.5% on top of most goods
and services within Belize. VAT is value added tax.
• Income Tax is 25% on the taxable income in Belize.
• Hire purchase is an arrangement for buying usually expensive consumer goods,
where the buyer makes an initial down payment and pays the balance plus interest
in instalments. Hire Purchase is a term used in the Commonwealth countries. Courts
and Tropic Gas uses it to facilitate Belizeans to purchase items for their household

4|Page Sem. II Pac kage 4

 𝐷 = Discount 𝑇 = Tax 𝑀. 𝑃. = Marked Price
Discount is similar to Loss Tax is similar to Profit
Discount = D% × $M. P. Tax = T% × $M. P.
$S. P. = $M. P. −$D $S. P. = $M. P. −$T
Original Cost = 100% Original Cost Exclusive of tax = 100%
Discounted Price = 100% – D% Price Inclusive of Tax = 100% + T%
Hire Purchase Price
H. P. P. = Deposit + All Payments

The price on the label of an article/product is called the marked price or list price.
1. The price of a motorbike is $3,475. How much do you need to pay if you get a 15%
discount?

2. The price of a computer after discount was $1,200. If the discount was 20%, what was
the original sales price?

3. A woman buys a stove for $1,035 exclusive of VAT. If VAT of 15% is charged, how
much did she actually pay for the stove.

4. An airline ticket to New York is priced at $ 232.10 inclusive of 11% sales tax. How much
would the airline ticket cost exclusive of sales tax?

5. The retail price of a TV set $4,500. If the buyer pays cash, the price is 10% below the
retail price. If the set is bought on hire purchase, the buyer pays a down payment of
$675 and 24 monthly instalments of $212.50.

5|Page Sem. II Pac kage 4

 a. Find the difference between the hire purchase price and the cash price
b. Calculate this difference as a percentage of the retail price

6. A video game set marked price for $1,760 can be bought on hire purchase by making
a deposit of $228.80 and a year of monthly payments of $171 each.
a. Calculate the hire Purchase cost of the video game set.
b. Find the difference of the between the hire purchase price and marked price
c. Express the difference as a percentage of the marked price

Exercise/Practice:
• Follow the format of the examples solved to solve the following problems:
1. A man buys a television set at a price exclusive of sales tax for $2,124. If sales tax of
12% is charged, how much did the man pay?
2. A refrigerator is priced at $3,803.75 plus value added tax (VAT) at 15%. How much
does the refrigerator actually cost the customer?
3. You have only $1,000. The price of a TV-set is $1,150. Can you buy the TV if you get 10%
discount? Why?
4. Mike and Mandy bought the same item. Mike paid $5,000. Mandy got discount and
paid $3,500.
(a) How much was her discount?
(b) Calculate the discount in percent.
5. A computer can he bought on hire purchase by making a deposit of $360 and 2 years
of monthly instalments of $102 each
(a) Calculate the hire purchase price of the computer
(b) The actual marked price of the computer is $2,587.50 this includes a sale lax
of 12.5%. Calculate the sale price of the computer if no sales tax is included.
(c) Calculate this difference between the sale price and hire purchase price
(d) Express the difference of 5.c. as a percentage of the sale price

6|Page Sem. II Pac kage 4

Name: Class:
Friday April 30 SUBMIT this Math Classwork #4 ONLY 40 Points
Read carefully each statement. Answer it thoroughly. Label answers well.
1. Marshall bought 20 refills and sold them at 4. The price of a telephone is $200 in shop A
$ 4 each. If it had cost $ 50 for the refills, and $240 in shop B. If you get 15%
a. What is the total selling price?[6 pts] discount in shop B, where would you buy
b. What was his profit or loss percent? the telephone and why (both shops are
next to each other)? [6 pts]

2. A shopkeeper buys a stove from a

manufacturer. He sells is for $1240.16 thus
incurring a loss of 8%. Calculate the cost
5. A refrigerator is priced at $1,495 inclusive
price. [6 pts]
of 15% VAT. What is the price exclusive of
VAT? [6 pts]

3. A businessman bought a laptop for

$2,768. [8 pts]
a. Calculate the selling price of the 6. A refrigerator marked for $1,260 can be
laptop if he makes a profit of 12%. bought on hire purchase by making a
b. The laptop’s case was damaged deposit of $500 and 18 monthly
during shipping to the customer. instalments of $56.50 each. [8 pts]
Calculate the selling price if the a. Calculate the hire purchase coat
businessman incurs a loss of 2%. of the refrigerator.
b. Calculate this difference as a
percentage of the marked price.
c. This includes a sales tax of 20%.
Calculate the sale price of the
refrigerator if no sales tax is
included.

_______________________________
Parent Signtiure Date

7|Page Sem. II Pac kage 4