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OPERATION RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT

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10 views

OPERATION RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT

Uploaded by

gelilalemlemadem043640
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OPERATION RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT

Accounting and Finance Department


(For all Regular, Evening and Weekend program students)
Instructors: Adem Mohammed
Sisay Te’ame
Maximum achievable mark: 50%

Submission Date: Before exam day


Dear students,
It is a pleasure to give you this assignment as a final continuous assessment.
Please do this assignment in a group. There must only be five group per
section and one group should constitute six students. Each group must
constitute fair number of female students.
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS (50%)

1. Discuss the origin and development of OR.


2. How computer has helped in popularizing OR?
3. What are the limitations of OR?
4. Describe the various objectives of OR.
5. What are the main characteristics of OR? Explain with suitable
examples.
6. Give features of OR. Briefly discuss technique and tools of OR.
7. What is the role of decision making in OR. Explain its scope.
8. Discuss the significance and scope of OR in modern management.
9. “Mathematics of OR is mathematics of optimization.” Discuss it.
10. “OR is an aid for the executive in making his decision by
providing him with the needed quantitative information, based on the
scientific method analysis.” Discuss the statement in detail, illustrating
it with OR methods that you know.
11. Discuss in brief the role of OR model in decision-making.
12. What are the essential characteristics of a linear programming
model?
13. What is linear programming? Discuss the application of linear
programming to managerial decision making.
14. Discuss the assumption of proportionality, additivity, continuity,
certainty and finite choices in the context of linear programming
problems.
15. Explain the meaning of linear programming problem stating its
uses and give its limitations.

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16. Write at least five application areas of linear programming.

WORKOUT QUESTIONS (34%)

1. A company manufactures two products X and Y, which require the


following resources. The resources are the capacities machine M1, M2,
and M3. The available capacities are 50, 25, and 15 hours respectively
in the planning period. Product X requires 1 hour of machine M2 and 1
hour of machine M3. Product Y requires 2 hours of machine M1, 2
hours of machine M2 and 1 hour of machine M3. The profit contribution
of products X and Y are Birr 5 and Birr 4 respectively. Formulate a
mathematical model of the problem.
2. A retail store stocks two types of shirts A and B. These are packed in
attractive cardboard boxes. During a week, the store can sell a
maximum of 400 shirts of type A and a maximum of 300 shirts of type
B. The storage capacity, however, is limited to a maximum of 600 of
both types combined. Type A shirt fetches a profit of Birr 2 per unit and
type B a profit of Birr 5 per unit. How many of each type the store
should stock per week to maximize the total profit? Formulate a
mathematical model of the problem.
3. A patient consult a doctor to check up his ill health. Doctor examines
him and advises him that he is having deficiency of two vitamins,
vitamin A and vitamin D. The Doctor advises him to consume vitamin A
and D regularly for a period of time so that he can regain his health.
The Doctor prescribes tonic X and tonic Y, which are having vitamin A,
and D in certain proportion. Also advises the patient to consume at
least 40 units of vitamin A and 50 units of vitamin Daily. The cost of
tonics X and Y and the proportion of vitamin A and D that present in X
and Y are given in the table below. Formulate LPP to minimize the cost
of tonics.

Vitamins Tonics Daily requirement


in Units
X Y
A 2 4 40
D 3 2 50
Cost in Birr per 5 3
unit

4. A company manufactures two products, X and Y by using three


machines A, B, and C. Machine A has 4 hours of capacity available
during the coming week. Similarly, the available capacity of machines
B and C during the coming week is 24 hours and 35 hours respectively.
One unit of product X requires one hour of Machine A, 3 hours of
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machine B and 10 hours of machine C. Similarly, one unit of product Y
requires 1 hour, 8 hour and 7 hours of machine A, B and C
respectively. When one unit of X is sold in the market, it yields a profit
of Birr 5 per product and that of Y is Birr 7 per unit. Solve the problem
by using graphical method to find the optimal product mix.
5. A dietician wishes to mix two types of foods in such a way that vitamin
contents of the mixture contain atleast 8 units of vitamin A and 10
units of vitamin C. Food ‘I’ contains 2 units/kg of vitamin A and 1
unit/kg of vitamin C. Food ‘II’ contains 1 unit/kg of vitamin A and 2
units/kg of vitamin C. It costs Birr 50 per kg to purchase Food ‘I’ and
Birr 70 per kg to purchase Food ‘II’. Formulate this problem as a linear
programming problem and solve the problem graphically to minimize
the cost of such a mixture.
6. A cooperative society of farmers has 50 hectare of land to grow two
crops X and Y. The profit from crops X and Y per hectare are estimated
as Birr 10,500 and Birr 9,000 respectively. To control weeds, a liquid
herbicide has to be used for crops X and Y at rates of 20 litres and 10
litres per hectare. Further, no more than 800 litres of herbicide should
be used in order to protect fish and wild life using a pond which
collects drainage from this land. How much land should be allocated to
each crop so as to maximize the total profit? Formulate this problem as
a linear programming problem and solve the problem graphically to
maximize the total profit.
7. A manufacturing company makes two models A and B of a product.
Each piece of Model A requires 9 labour hours for fabricating and 1
labour hour for finishing. Each piece of Model B requires 12 labour
hours for fabricating and 3 labour hours for finishing. For fabricating
and finishing, the maximum labour hours available are 180 and 30
respectively. The company makes a profit of Birr 8000 on each piece of
model A and Birr 12000 on each piece of Model B. How many pieces of
Model A and Model B should be manufactured per week to realize a
maximum profit? What is the maximum profit per week? Formulate this
problem as a linear programming problem and solve the problem
graphically to maximize the total profit.
8. Solve the following linear programming problems
graphically:
i. Maximize Z = 250x + 75y
subject to the constraints:
5x + y ≤ 100
x + y ≤ 60
x, y ≥ 0
ii. Maximize Z= 4x+y
subject to the constraints:
x+y≤ 50

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3x+y≤90
x, y ≥ 0
iii. Minimise Z = 200 x + 500 y
subject to the constraints:
x + 2y ≥10
3x + 4y ≥24
x, y ≥ 0

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