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7 QC Tools

Information about 7 Qc tools industrial applications

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Vinay Bhatt
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10 views

7 QC Tools

Information about 7 Qc tools industrial applications

Uploaded by

Vinay Bhatt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

7 QUALITY CONTROL

TOOLS
Introduction

■ 7 QC Tools are the basic quality control tools which helps


in solving quality issues through data collection, analysing
data, identification of root cause and measuring results.

■ It is believed that the 7 QC tools were introduced by Kaoru


Ishikawa in postwar Japan, inspired by the seven famous
weapons of Benkei. Benkei was a Japanese warrior monk
who armed himself with seven weapons and was on a
personal quest to take 1,000 swords.
7 QC Tools
1.Check Sheet

■ It is a systematic method
of collecting, recording,
and presenting the data
in a simple manner for
analysis of the process.

■ It can collect qualitative


and quantitive data also.
Check Sheet Used & Types

Used — Types —
■ Data collection. 1. Process performance.
■ Monitoring the mfg process 2. Defect item.
performance. 3. Defect location.
■ Make data gathering simple, 4. Task conformation
systematic, easy and (Related to traceability)
effective. etc...
■ For traceability & tracking 5. Defect cause.
purpose.
2. Fishbone Diagram

■ Also called : Cause &


Effect Diagram &
Ishikawa Diagram.
■ It is a visualization
tool for categorizing
the causes of a
problem.
■ This tool is used in
order to identify a
problem’s root causes.
2. Fishbone Diagram
■ Fishbone diagram looks like the bones of a fish, where
each main bone represents a specific category of possible
root cause, and the subsequent drilling down is shown as
smaller and smaller bones.
3. Stratification

■ Also known as : Flow Chart


& Run Chart.
■ A technique that separates
the data gathered from a
variety of sources so that
patterns can be seen.
■ Once you’ve separated the
data into groups then you
can compare the groups
and see the effects of the
grouping variables.
Stratification Use
■ When the data come from different sources or conditions,
such as data collected from different shifts, machines,
people, days, suppliers and population groups, etc.
4. Pareto Chart

■ Pareto Chart” also called as “Pareto Diagram“.


■ Named after Italian Economist Wilfredo Pareto.
■ Pareto Chart based on Pareto 80-20 rule. It means that 80
percent of the problems/failures are caused by 20 percent of
the few major causes/factors which are often referred as
Vital Few.
■ The remaining 20 percent of the problems are caused by 80
percent of many minor causes which are referred as Trivial
Many
Pareto Chart

■ The bar graph


shows the number of
defects/problem in
descending order.
■ The line graph
shows the
cumulative
percentage of the
defect/problem.
Use Of Pareto Chart

■ Grasp the problem. ■ It is used for identifying the


■ Narrow problem area. vital few & trivial many.
■ To prioritize high impact
issues – where to focus?
■ Break big problems into
smaller problems.
■ Systematic analysis of
causes based on magnitude.
■ To confirm the improvement
results.
How to make Pareto Chart
1. Select the Problem.
2. Collection of data.
3. Sort data & calculate cumulative %.
4. Draw the axes, bars, cumulative % line & labeling.
5. Identify priority & plan further action.
5. Control Chart
■ A control chart is used for
studying the process
variation over time.
■ It is a line graph on which
control limit lines are
plotted in order to find
out if a process is in a
stable condition, or not.
■ Control charts measure
variation and show it to
you graphically and we
can easily say that it is
within an acceptable limit
or not?
History & Use Of Control
Charts
■ It was invented by Dr. ■ It is used to predict the
Walter A. Shewhart performance of the
working for Bell Labs in manufacturing process.
the 1920s. So this is
■ Find out the special
called Shewhart causes within the process.
Control Charts.
■ Identify the trend of the
process.
6. Scatter Diagram

■ It is a tool to get
relationships between two
variables.
■ The X axis represents one
set of observations
(independent variable)
while the Y axis
represents the second set
of observations
(dependent variable).
Correlation Coefficient

■ A correlation coefficient measures how closely related two


variables are. The higher the value, the stronger the positive
correlation between the variables. The value of the correlation
coefficient varies from +1 to -1.
■ Positive correlation — When two variables increase together. In
the ideal case, the correlation coefficient value will be +1.
■ Negative correlation — When two variables decrease together.
In the ideal case, the correlation coefficient value will be -1.
■ No correlation — When there is no relationship between two
variables. In the ideal case, the correlation coefficient value will
be 0.
Uses & draw a Scatter Diagram

Use — Draw —
■ Scatter diagram is use for ■ Data Collection
the judgement of the cause- ■ Choose Independent &
and-effect relationship, this Dependent variables.
will lead to finding out the
root cause of the problem. ■ Construct the Graph &
add the titles & trend
■ A scatter diagram is use to line.
design a control system.
■ Interpret the Graph
7. Histogram

■ The term “histogram” was coined


by the famous statistician Karl
Pearson II to refer to a “common
form of graphical representation”.
■ Histogram is a visual
representation of numerical data
showing the number of data points
falling within a specified range of
values.
■ It is a frequency distribution tool.
Parts of Histogram
■ X-axis
This axis shows the scale of values which the measurements fall
under.
■ Y-axis
Y-axis shows the number of times the values occurred within the set
of interval of X-axis.
■ The Bars
The height of bar shows the number of times that the values occurred
within the interval.
■ The width of bar shows the interval that is covered.
Types
Uses

■ Visualizing large datasets.


■ Summarize the data in
graphical format.
■ Finding the central tendency
of a set of data.
■ Analyzing the variance of a
set of data points.

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