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Science Reviewer

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7 views

Science Reviewer

Uploaded by

paustrian2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Science Reviewer

Electromagnetic Waves and Spectrum

Electromagnetic Waves – formed when static charges move.


- a way to transport energy.

Electromagnetic Field – produced by the charged particles

Electromagnetic Radiation – the energy carried by the charged particle.

Static Particles – particles that are at rest.

Charged Particles – particles that are in motion.

Electromagnetic Spectrum – a collection of all electromagnetic radiation


from the lowest energy to the highest energy or
vise versa.

Remember: electromagnetic waves doesn’t require a medium to transport


energy.
The Different Regions of Electromagnetic Spectrum

Types of electromagnetic waves


1. Radio Waves – 3Hz to 300 Hz frequency.
- Has the lowest frequency and the longest wavelength
that makes it suitable for telecommunication.
- Originates form the vibration of electrons which came
from a natural phenomenon like lightning and
astronomical objects.

 Artificial Radio Waves – can be generated thru the use of a


transmitter, received by radio
receiver, broadcasting satellites
and computer networks.

2. Microwaves – ranges from 300MHz (3 x 108 Hz) to 300 GHz (3 x 1011


Hz).
- Has a higher frequency than radio waves.
Remember: the “micro” in microwaves signifies that it has a micrometer
wavelength compared to radio waves.
3. Infrared – has a frequency extending from 300 GHz (3 x 1011 Hz) to
300 THz (4.05 x 1014 Hz).
- discovered by Fredrick William Herschel. He noticed that
there is an increased temperature in the thermometer
beyond the red part of the spectrum when he was trying to
measure the air temperature.

 Infrared Radiation – also called heat radiation or


electromagnetic radiation (EMR).
- can be detected using a thermometer.

4. Visible Light – the only EM waves that is visible to unaided eyes.


- They are arranged from decreasing wavelength from red
to violet.

Remember: when visible light strike on a prism, the white light will split to
different colors such as red (780-620), orange (620-585), yellow (585-575),
green (575-510), sky blue/cyan (510-480), blue (480-450), indigo, and violet
(450-380).
5. Ultraviolet Rays – has a frequency that extends from 790 THz (7.90 x
1014 Hz) and 30 PHz (3 x 1016 Hz).
- also know as UV rays or UV radiation.
- means “beyond violet”, ultra come from the latin word
beyond and violet is the visible light that has the
highest frequency.
Remember: too much UV exposure to sunlight can cause sunburn.

6. X-rays – has a frequency that lies between 30PHz (3 x 1016 Hz) and
30EHz (3 x 1019 Hz).
- can damage tissues.
- has the ability to penetrate opaque materials, it can pass
through soft tissues but can be can filtered by dense materials
like the bone.
- discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen conducted an
experiment about the cathode ray.

 Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen – he observed a faint green glow


from the screen.
Reminder: “X” in X-ray was used to indicate that they were an unknown
type of radiation.

7. Gamma Rays – has a frequency higher that of 30 EHz (<3 x 1019 Hz).
- the most energetic electromagnetic wave in the
spectrum.
- has the highest frequency and shortest wavelength.

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