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Physics Practical Gaurav

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3 views

Physics Practical Gaurav

Uploaded by

vikas vaibhav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 15

ATOMIC ENERGY NO-4

RAWATBHATA

INVESTIGATORY PROJECT
REPORT

In partial fulfillment of AISSCE 2024-25

physics practical.

Name: GAURAV KUMAR SHARMA


Class: XII-A
Roll No: 07
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that GAURAV KUMAR SHARMA a
student of class XII-A has successfully completed the
research on the below mentioned project under the
guidance of during the year 2024-25
in partial fulfillment of physics practical examination
conducted.
To investigate the relation between the ratio of –

1. Input and output voltage.

2. Number of turnings in the secondary coil and primary coil of a self made transformer

****
• Aim
• Introduction
• Types Of Transformers
• Theory And Mathematical Derivations
• Simple Circuit Diagram
• Circuit Diagrams Of Step-up and Step-Down Transformers
• Apparatus Required to make our Own Transformer
• Uses of Transformers
• Bibliography

****
The transformer is a device used for converting a low alternating voltage to a high
alternating voltage or vice-versa.

A Transformer based on the Principle of mutual induction according to this principle, the
amount of magnetic flux linked with a coil changing, an e.m.f is induced in the neighboring
coil.

A transformer is an electrical device which is used for changing the A.C. voltages. A
transformer is most widely used device in both low and high current circuit. As such
transformers are built in an amazing strength of sizes. In electronic, measurement and control
circuits, transformer size may be so small that it weight only a few tens of grams where as in
high voltage power circuits, it may weight hundred of tones.

****
When an altering e.m.f. is supplied to the primary coil p1p2, an
alternating current starts falling in it. The altering current in the primary
produces a changing magnetic flux, which induces altering voltage in
the primary as well as in the secondary. In a good-transformer, whole of
the magnetic flux linked with primary is also linked with the secondary,
and then the induced e.m.f. induced in each turn of the secondary is
equal to that induced in each turn of the primary. Thus if Ep and Es be
the instantaneous values of the e.m.f.’s induced in the primary and the
secondary and Np and Ns are the no. of turns of the primary secondary
coils of the transformer and

dф / dt = rate of change of flux in each turnoff the coil at this instant, we


have
Ep = -Np dф/dt _______________ (1)

and

Es = -Ns dф/dt _______________ (2)


Since the above relations are true at every instant, so by dividing 2 by 1,
we get
Es / Ep = - Ns / Np ______________ (3)

As Ep is the instantaneous value of back e.m.f induced in the primary


coil p1, so the instantaneous current in primary coil is
due to the difference (E – Ep ) in the instantaneous values of
the applied and back
e.m.f. further if Rp is the resistance o, p1p2 coil,
then the instantaneous current Ip in the primary coil is given by
Ip = E – Ep / Rp
E – Ep = Ip Rp
Thus back e.m.f = input e.m.f
Hence equation 3 can be written as
Es / Ep = Es / E
= output e.m.f / input e.m.f
= Ns / Np = K
Where K is constant, called turn on transformation ratio.

****
• Iron Rod
• Copper Wire
• Hot Wire Ammeter
• Hot Wire Voltmeter

• Take thick iron rod and cover it with a thick paper and wind a large number of turns of
thin Cu wire on thick paper (say 60). This constitutes primary coil of the transformer.

• Cover the primary coil with a sheet of paper and wound relatively smaller number of
turns (say 20) of thick copper wire on it. This constitutes the secondary coil. It is a step
down transformer.

• Connect p1, p2 to A.C main and measure the input voltage and current using A.C
voltmeter and ammeter respectively.

• Similarly, measure the output voltage and current through s1and s2.

• Now connect s1and s2to A.C main and again measure voltage and current through
primary and secondary coil of step up transformer.

• Repeat all steps for other self made transformers by changing number of turns in
primary and secondary coil.
• www.google.com
• www.wikipedia.org
• Physics NCERT
• Pradeep’s Physics

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
“ There are times when silence speak so much more
louder

than words of praise to only as good as belittle


a person,

whosewords do not express, but only put a veneer

over true feelings, which are of gratitude at this point of


time.”

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to


my physics mentor for his vital support,
guidance and encouragement, without which
this project would not have come forth. I
would also like to express my gratitude to the
OTHER staff of the Department of Physics for
their support during the making of this
project .

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