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Unit-1.2.-Storage-Devices-and-Basic-Categories-of-Memory

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Valleremie Mitra
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13 views

Unit-1.2.-Storage-Devices-and-Basic-Categories-of-Memory

Uploaded by

Valleremie Mitra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STORAGE DEVICES AND BASIC CATEGORIES

OF MEMORY

STORAGE DEVICES - records and/or retrieves items to and from storage


media. - Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage
media. Drives and reader / writers, which are types of storage devices, accept
a specific kind of storage media. It often functions as a source of input
because they transfer items from storage to memory.
Examples:
• CD Drive (storage device) accepts a CD (storage media)
• Floppy drive accepts a floppy disk
• Zip drive accepts a Zip disk
STORAGE MEDIA – It is where a computer keeps data, instructions,
and information.

• Floppy disk – consists of a thin, circular, flexible disk enclosed in a square-


shaped plastic shell that is inserted in and removed from a floppy disk drive
(FDD).A typical floppy disk stores up to about 1.4 million characters.

• Zip disk – looks similar to a floppy disk but has much greater storage
capabilities – up to about 750 million characters. You insert zip disks in and
remove them from Zip drives.
STORAGE MEDIA – It is where a computer keeps data, instructions,
and information.

• Floppy disk – consists of a thin, circular, flexible disk enclosed in a square-


shaped plastic shell that is inserted in and removed from a floppy disk drive
(FDD).A typical floppy disk stores up to about 1.4 million characters.

• Zip disk – looks similar to a floppy disk but has much greater storage
capabilities – up to about 750 million characters. You insert zip disks in and
remove them from Zip drives.
• USB (Universal Serial Bus) flash drive – is a portable storage media that
has much more storage capacity than a floppy disk but is small and lightweight
enough to be transported on a keychain or in a pocket. You plug a USB Flash
Drive in a special, easily accessible opening on the computer (the USB port).

• Hard Disk – provides much greater storage capacity than a floppy disk, zip
disk, or USB flash drive. The average hard disk can hold more than 80 billion
characters. Hard disk is enclosed in an airtight, sealed case. Although some
are removable, most are housed inside the system unit
• USB (Universal Serial Bus) flash drive – is a portable storage media that
has much more storage capacity than a floppy disk but is small and lightweight
enough to be transported on a keychain or in a pocket. You plug a USB Flash
Drive in a special, easily accessible opening on the computer (the USB port).

• Hard Disk – provides much greater storage capacity than a floppy disk, zip
disk, or USB flash drive. The average hard disk can hold more than 80 billion
characters. Hard disk is enclosed in an airtight, sealed case. Although some
are removable, most are housed inside the system unit
• Compact Disc (CD)– is a flat, round, portable metal disc with a plastic
coating.
Types of Disc (CD)
➢ CD-ROM – which you can access using most CD and DVD
drives.
➢ DVD-ROM – have enough storage capacity to store two full-
length movies. To use a DVD-ROM you need DVD drive. DVD
(also known as "Digital Versatile Disc" or "Digital Video Disc")
• Compact Disc (CD)– is a flat, round, portable metal disc with a plastic
coating.
Types of Disc (CD)
➢ CD-ROM – which you can access using most CD and DVD
drives.
➢ DVD-ROM – have enough storage capacity to store two full-
length movies. To use a DVD-ROM you need DVD drive. DVD
(also known as "Digital Versatile Disc" or "Digital Video Disc")
BASIC CATEGORIES OF MEMORY

MEMORY - consists of electronic components that store


instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those
instructions. Although some forms of memory are permanent,
most memory keeps data and instructions temporarily, which
means its contents, are erased when the computer is shut off.
Memory stores three basic categories of items:

➢ The operating system and other system software that


control or maintain the computer and its devices.
➢ Application programs that carry out a specific task such
as word processing and resulting information.
➢ The data being processed by the application program and
resulting information.
TYPES OF MEMORY

➢ Volatile Memory - when the computers power off, it


loses its content ( ).
Ex. RAM (Random Access Memory)
➢ Non Volatile Memory - does not lose its content when
power is removed from the computer ( ).
Ex. ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory
Bytes and Addressable Memory
Byte (a character) - is the basic storage unit in memory.
When the application program instructions and data are
transferred to memory from storage device, the
instructions and data exists as bytes.
Each byte resides temporarily in a location in memory that has an
address.
Address – is a unique number that identifies location in memory.
How is Memory measured?
Approximate
Exact Number Approximate number of
Term Abbreviation Number of
of Bytes Pages or Text
Bytes
Kilobyte KB or K 1 thousand 1,024 ½

Megabyte MB 1 million 1,048,576 500

Gigabyte GB 1 billion 1,073,741,824 500,000

Terabyte TB 1 trillion 1,099,511,627,776 500,000,000


Turning on your computer properly

1. Check the power cord and computer peripherals such as monitor and AVR
if it is ON.
2. Click the power button on your computer
3. User account window will appear, select user account you want to use.
4. Enter the password (if needed).
5. Wait for the computer to load all the programs in desktop.
Using your Mouse

Basic Parts:
▪ Primary Button – the left button
▪ Secondary Button – the right button
▪ Scroll Wheel – between the buttons
Using your Mouse

Terms:
▪ Pointing
▪ Clicking (Single-clicking)
▪ Double Clicking
▪ Right Clicking
▪ Dragging
Using your Keyboard
Control Keys
These keys are used alone or in combination
with other keys to perform certain actions.
The most frequently used control keys are
Ctrl, Alt, the Windows logo key , and Esc.

The function keys are used to perform


Function Keys specific tasks. They are labeled as F1, F2, F3,
and so on, up to F12. The functionality of
these keys differs from program to program.
Typing (alphanumeric) Keys
These keys include the same letter, number,
punctuation, and symbol keys found on a
traditional typewriter.

These keys are used for moving around in


Navigation documents or web pages and editing text.

Keys They include the arrow keys, Home, End,


Page Up, Page Down, Delete, and Insert.
Numeric Keypad
The numeric keypad is handy for entering
numbers quickly. The keys are grouped
together in a block like a conventional
calculator or adding machine.

Indicator
lights
Prepared by:

VALLEREMIE A. MITRA
Instructor II

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