TEXTBOOK ON THE USE OF MUNN TR INSTITUTIONS Ad Dy COL cena)4 20) Ko . 7 | Ge \ DAVOS (uto Ry|_ OF0627 46455 TEXTBOOK ON THE USE OF LIBRARY FOR STUDENTS IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS ee Edited by Ebijuwa Adefunke Sarah, PhDince for tertig, formation aq’ ENCES ap, nilable in the, | IBLE OF CONTENTS APTER ONE INTRODUCTION TO LIBRARY Concept of the Library = 123 Types of Libraries: Definitions and Functions Academic Library - 36 The University Library: Definition, Goals and Functions - 6-8 Organisational Structure of A University Library - 8-14 Services Offered by University Library - 415 (pe TWO INFORMATION RESOURCES: IBRARY troduction 17-18 Print Resources - 18-22 lectronic Resources - 22-24 Acquisition and Management of Information Resources -24-26 hallenges of Managing Information Resources - 26 IN A pter Three - USER EDUCATION IN LIBRARIES : 28 Definition of User Education - 28 4.1 User Education Programmes a - 2 1.2 Importance of User Education - 30 ibrary Registration and Membership - 30 3.2.1 Library Registration Requirement a5 32 3.2.2Library Membership Benefits = 32 How to Use the Library Catalogue - 33-34 9.3.1 Procedures forusingthecardcatalogueare: - 34-35 3.3.2 Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) - 35-38 ‘initions of Reference Queries = 38-39 .1 Significance of Reference Queries io ic - a = 40- 3.4.2 Types of Reference Queries3.5 Definition of Information Literacy 3.5.1 Significance of information literacy = 4 a 3.5.2 Information literacy skills > ay re 3.5.3New Trendsin Information Literacy - jark Chapter Four -ICT APPLICATIONIN LIBRARIES o2 FUE 4.0 Introduction . oaa 4.1 Basic ICT Components ina Library 622 4.2 Library Automation Systems 63 Refer! 4.3 Digital Libraries 6.3: 4.4 Electronic Resources 4.5 The Role of ICT in Specific Library Services Chapter Five-ORGANISATION OF LIBRARY MATERIALS 5.1 Importance of Knowledge and Information Organization. ga ees 5.2 Cataloguing ‘So! 5.3 Classification ‘ 5.4 Online Public Access Catalogue 5.5 Database Management 5.6 Physical Arrangement of Library Materials 5.7 Emerging Technologies in Knowledge/Information — ¢5 Organisation in Libraries - 74-75 Chap! Chapter Six - LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES IN 70 ) INFORMATION USE - 1% aa 6.0 Introduction - %. aor 6.1 Copyright and Intellectual Property Right (IPR) - 76-77 6.1.1 Copyright ~ 77-79 73 6.1.2 Trademark Beg 6.1.3 Patent -107 -% ws 6.1.4 Industrial Design - 80-81 6.1.5 Trade Secret a 81 | 6.1.6 Importance of Copyright and Intellectual Property | Right - 816.1.6.1 Importance of Copyright : 81 6:16.22 Importance of Intellectual Property Right (IPR) = 81-8: 6.2 Plagiarism = 62.1. Typesof Plagiarism - 82-84 6.2.2 Consequences of Plagiarism 84.85 623, Tipsfor Avoiding Plagiarism $5-86 63. Referencing and Citation e 86 6.3.1 Whatis Citation? S 86 6.3.2 Whatis Referencing? 5 87 633 Howto Create Citations and References - 88 6.3.4 Common Mistakesto Avoid : 88 6.3.5 Importance of Referencing and Citation - 89 6.3.6 Referencing and Citation Style - 89-91 6A Ethical Use of Artificial Intelligence (Al) for Information Sourcing - 91-92 64.2 Ethical use of artificial intelligence (Al) for information sourcing = 92 6.4.3 Challenges Facing ethical use of Al for information sourcing - 93-95 6.5 RevisionQuestions : 95 Chapter Six- READING/STUDY SKILLS 7.0 Introduction 297, 7.1 Importance of Study Skills ~ 97-98 7.2 Time Management: Setting Goals; Creating a Study Schedule = 99-101 7,3 Effective Notes Taking Methods- 101-103 74 Reading and Comprehension: Techniques -103-106 75 Preparing for Tests and Exams: Planning for Exams (Tips for writing tests and exams) - 106-111Constant INTRODUCTION eeyet™? TO LIBRARY ancient ¥ serving? Dr T. A. Ogunmodede, Mr A. J. Sobalaje and Mr A. 1, Adegun During | monaste 1.1 Conceptof the Library Beier A library is a collection of books, magazines, newspapers an, hatuny other materials made available for people to borrow or use § making reference. Libraries have been around for thousands of years an are essential part of society, providing everyone access Evolut information and knowledge, regardless of their background o: ‘The es financial means. They serve asa hub for education, research,an: __ politic leisure, allowing people to expand their horizons, explore ne the ea ideas and connect with others who share their interests. Librarie forma offer services beyond just lending books, including computer __intert access, community events and educational programs. They ar _natio! crucial in promoting literacy, intellectual freedom and cultur: diversity, and are vital resources for individuals, communiti Befor and society. prim rich Brief History of Libraries serv The first libraries consisted of archives of clay tablets ir arti’ cuneiform script, discovered in temple rooms in Sumer, some Jan dating back to 2600 BC. These early collections were primarily for administrative and record-keeping purposes. Private or persona Th libraries made up of written books also appeared in classical col Greece in the 5th century BC in Tt re In the 6th century BC, as the Classical period drew toa close, the great libraries of the Mediterranean world remained those of 9)StS ang USe fo, ‘ars ang SESS to und or ch, ang re new braries nputer ley are ultural unities ets in some ily for ssical e the be of Constantinople and Alexandria. The Lib : rary of Ak i ypt was one of the largest and most significant Mens ancient world, containing huncreds of thousands of ae ervingasa major center of scholarship, i During the Middle Ages, many libraries were associated with monasteries or universities. Monks played a key role in preserving and copying manuscripts, contributing to the growth Pr tibraries. ‘The invention of movable type by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century revolutionized book production, mnakingbooks more widely availableand affordable. Evolution of Library in Nigeria The evolution of libraries in Nigeria reflects the broader socio- political and cultural transformations within the country, From the early days of informal collections to the establishment of formal library systems, the history of libraries in Nigeria is intertwined with the development of education, governanc and national identity. Before the advent of formal libraries, knowledge in Nigeria was primarily transmitted orally. Various ethnic groups maintained F ch traditions of storytelling, proverbs and oral history, which served as repositories of cultural heritage. However, with the arrival of European colonisers in the late 19th century, the Tandscape of knowledge and information beganto change The first significant library-like institutions emerged during the colonial period. The British Council established a library in Lagos in 1943, which became one of the first formal libraries in Nigeria. This library aimed to promote British literature and culture, reflecting the colonial agenda. "The Lagos Public Library, which ‘opened in 1945, was another early institution thatserved the localpopulation, although it primarily catered to the interests of thy colonial government. 1n 1953, the UNESCO International Seminar on Public Librarie, ut in Africa, held in Ibadan, provided a platform for discussing in library development and the need for a national library. The 4 seminar emphasised the importance of establishing a central 4c) repository for knowledge and resources, which would serve asa a foundation for educationaland cultural developmentin Nigeria 1.2.1 Types of Libraries: Definitions and Functions Academic Library : 5. An academic library is a library that is attached to a higher ; education institution and serves two complementary purposes i to support the curriculum and the research of the university faculty and students. Academic libraries play a vital role in education by supplying the necessary resources and services that help foster academic success and scholarly research. They support the parent school's goals by facilitating access tc information, offering research assistance and creating spaces for studying and collaboration. 6, Functions of Academic Libraries 1. Supporting academic programmes; One of the core functions of academic libraries is supporting academic programmes Libraries curate collections that align with the courses and research areas covered by the institution. 2. Research support; Academic libraries have a significant role in assisting faculty and students with their research. They provide access to massive collections of academic resources including peer-reviewed journals, books, theses. dissertations and specialised databases such as JSTOR, IEEE Xplore, PubMed and ProQuest, enabling access to scholarly articlesand research papers.Functio,, 8 f0 a higher FY Purposes & university Vital role in Services that 2arch. They B access to \g Spaces for re functions sogrammes. ‘ourses and icant role in arch. They ¢ resources , theses, TOR, IEEE o scholarly 3, Information literacy and instruction: One of the primary roles of university libraries is to teach information literacy skills. This encompasses the ability to find, assess and effectively utilise information. Librarians fulfill this role through instruction methods like workshops, online videos and in- class sessions. 4, Collection development: Academic libraries deliberately build their collections to be sure they address the needs of their students and needs of their users. Managing a collection requires choosing, obtaining and keeping up resources whether in printed books, digital formats or multimedia. 5, Digital and technological services: As technology continues advancing, academic libraries have broadened their offerings to incorporate various digital resources. These include e- books, online journals and searchable databases that can be accessed remotely, permitting students and faculty to conduct research from any location. Libraries also provide access to specialised software like statistical analysis programmes, design applications and citation management tools. 6, Study and collaboration spaces: Academic libraries furnish sical areas for students and faculty to research, collaborate and participate in scholarly pursuits. By providing facilities like multimedia rooms, maker spaces containing tools like 3D printers and diverse physical environment, libraries. 7, Openaccess ard scholarly communication: Academic libraries are taking ona greater role in advancing open access to scholarly works. They maintain institutional repositories which enable faculty and students to archive outputs like articles, data and dissertations, and make them freely available worldwide to academics.1.2.2 Public Libraries A public library is an institution that is open to all communi, members and primarily funded with tax payers’ money. The, provide access to a diverse array of informational, education,) and recreational materials such as books, magazine newspapers, digital media and more. These libraries aim to sery, all individuals within their jurisdiction regardless of age education level or socioeconomic background, and offer thei; Services free of cost. Functions of Public Libraries . Promote literacy and education . Provideaccess to information . Support lifelong learning Serve ascommunity hubs . Preserve local history and culture . Provide recreational resources . Digital servicesand technology access NOVPene 123 Special Libraries Special libraries serve very specific user groups with collections tailored precisely to meet the needs of their parent organisation or institution, unlike public or academic libraries which have broader audiences. Special libraries focus on a singular subject, industry or profession. They are often affiliated with com panies, government agencies, hospitals, law firms, museums or nonprofit organisations and aim to provide targeted information supporting the objectives of the parent body. Functions of Special Libraries 1. Provide specialised information services 2. Curate specialised collections 3. Support research and development 4, Delivercustomised services 5, Pres 6. Prov 7. Sup) 1.2.43 A nati serving culturé nation acquit natior functi receiy book: Natic herit com’ man gove Nigt Funions tion lave ject, ties, or jon 5, Preserve organisational knowledge 6, Providetraining 7, Support decision-making 1,24 National Libraries A national library is established by a government, usually serving as the primary repository for a nation's literature and asa cultural heritage institution. Unlike public or academic libraries, national libraries typically do not lend materials but focus on acquiring, preserving and cataloguing items that represent a nation’s intellectual, cultural and historical legacy. They often function as legal deposit libraries, meaning they are entitled to receive copies of everything printed within the country, such as. books, periodicals and other publications. National libraries play a key role inconserving a nation’s cultural heritage and making it accessible for future generations. They commonly house unique and rare collections including manuscripts, historical documents, maps, photographs and government publications. Examples are National Library of Nigeriaand Library of Congress (USA). Functions of National Libraries 1, Preservenational heritage 2. Legal deposit 3. National bibliography 4, Supportresearch 5, Digitisation and access 6, Standardisation and coordination 1,3 The University Library: Definition, Goals and Functions The University Library Manoharan (2016) defines university as an institution of higheruniversity library provides adequate hard and soft copies, ALA (2010) cited by cp sees both ® (2020) describe a university as the “heart eo somes and Ee the heart is the most vital organ in the human ae plays one of the most vital roles in ai Gee NY University ton, mat both academic and research conducts. Unegbu ana Ot, icceed i, nod defines university library as a kind of academic libra ns will Serves the information needs of the university caren that through the provision of information resources that ann, rex learning, teaching and research. In view of the aoe definitions abo, ie we define a university library as that of academic library that .. attached to a parent university with the intention to Provide relevant and current information Tesources in various accessib|. formats required to support the goals and objectives of thx 2. university. The collections of university libraries are most oftes Breater than those of other types of academic libraries, Most Nigerian university libraries have some forms of depository A tights. 7 Goals of University Libraries The goals of university libraries are identical to a university's goals and educational policy in general. The university library is 5 established along with the university with the aim to make sta! researchers and students in the various faculties and its departments informed of the latest scientific trends in their fields of specialisation by providing information sources of various typesand forms. Se The goals of the university library areas follows: 1, To provide various formats and sources of information for itsstudents, staff and researchers without access constraints. 2. To link its formative and educational activities with the university visions and missions. 3, To select, collect, organise, preserve, disseminate and interpret library resources to meet the clienteles/ users. Functions of the University Library: Nnenda (2022) opines that the basic function of any university library is to provide the most needed and up-to-date information services and resources that will support teaching, learning and research. Ifidon (1996) states that the primary traditional functions of a university are teaching, research, public services and conservation of knowledge and ideas. Having listed these traditional functions, Ifidon explains the supportive functions of the university library in achieving, these to include: 1. Provision of materials to support learning process, materials for course work, term papers, projects and others; 2. Provision of materials in support of research and advanced studies to meet the requirement of the lecturers, students (undergraduates and postgraduates), and researchers; 3, Assisting library users in their personal self-development, especially in materials for self-reading; 4, Cooperation with other university libraries with a view to developing a network of library resources which are at the disposal of staffand students; and 5. Serving the specialised information needs of the region within which the university is located. Materials on culture, economics, history, politics and sociology are relevant under thiscontext. 1.4 Organisational Structure of a University Library The organisational structure of a university library is a framework that defines how tasks, responsibilities, authority andinformation flow within the library. It ensures th at all as library management, from resource acquisiti Pects of 5 ea ercilee Tetbcierkly weith clase Hines of accouneesnr”ee, pea communication. mY ang Bo ica This hierarchical and functional structure allows the univers, acquis library to effectively organise its resources, personnel = ‘pater services to support the teaching, learning and research moog: by liai the broader university community. The specific configuraty. may vary among institutions based on factors such as the siz. oe the library, institutional priorities and available resources, pave helps The organisational structure of a university library serves severa aa Key purposes which are: Efficiency, Accountability depz Coordination and Adaptability dm asso DEPARTMENTS ANDUNITSIN A LIBRARY Bail University libraries have an organisational structure divided ints Fur departments and units, each dedicated to specific functions Be! These divisions work together to meet the educational and 2 research needs of students, faculty and researchers. The mai 3. library components include departments focusing on key are 4. like collections, reference and instruction, technical services, and e administration. 6. ADMINISTRATIVE/MANAGEMENT UNIT n The administrative/management unit serves as the centra e leadership of the university library. It is headed by a Universit A Librarian. It plays a critical role in setting the library's overs 4 strategy, direction and mission to support the university 5 educational and research goals. : This unit sits at the top of the organisational hierarchy, providing : oversight and guidance to all other departments. It acts as thnto ins. nd ain 2as nd ‘al ty all er eves save body to ensure all activities align with library objectives. The administrative unit facilitates communication and coordination between departments. For example, itconnects acquisitions with cataloguing to effectively process new materials. It also helps ensure user services adapt to technology by liaising between digital and reference units. The unit represents the library within the broader university, advocating for resources and recognition from leadership, This helps position the library as integral to the university's academic and research functions. Other members of management /administrative unit are deputy university librarian, departmental heads and administrative staff. Externally, the administrative unit manages partnerships with consortia, associations and funding sources to strengthen the library's collaborations and secure additional support. Functions 4, Strategicleadership and planning 2, Budgeting and financial management 3. Policydevelopmentandimplementation 4. Staffmanagementand development 5. Facilities and resource management 6, Publicrelations and outreach DEPARTMENT ntis positioned as 's organisational artments as it REFERENCE AND RESEARCH SERVICES The Reference and Research Services Departme a front-line, user-focused unit within the library’ structure, It is often one of the most visible dep: directly interacts with students, faculty and researchers on a daily basis. Functions 1. Researchassistance 2. Reference services3, Subject specialisation 4. Other functionsinclude CATALOGUING UNIT The cataloguing unit is responsible for organising. libra, materials (books, journals, digital resources, et) to make ie easily accessible to users. By systematically cataloguing items the library ensures users can effectively search for and tetriey, information through the library's catalogue and other discovery tools. Functions 1. Classificationandorganisation 2. Creating cataloguerecords 3. Subject headings and descriptions 4. Physical and digital cataloguing 5. Maintenance and quality control ACQUISITIONS AND COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT The Acquisitions and Collection Development Unit plays a crucial role in ensuring the library's collection meets the needs of its academic community. This unit is responsible for selecting, acquiring and managing library materials, ranging from books and journals to electronic resources, The primary goal is to build and maintain a balanced and relevant collection supporting the university's curriculum, research needs and_ institutional mission. Functions 1. Selectionand evaluation of resources 2. Budgetmanagement 3. Vendor relations and purchasing 4, Collection assessment and weeding 5. Digital resource management 6. Managing donations and gifts souPePr 2 Leen eanINT Plays a needs of ‘electing, m books to build ‘ting the tutional CULATION eae ACCESS SERVICES Circulation and Access Services Pers who borrow, return books, reserve materials and get help accessing resources. The department also manages, user accounts, loan periods, fines and the overall movement of materials within the library. Functions 4, Loanandretum of materials 2, Useraccounts and privileges 3, Reserve materials 4, Interlibrary Loan (ILL) and document delivery 5, Stacks maintenance and shelving . 6, Fines and fees management 7, Accessibility and special services 8, Library equipment and space management DIGITAL LIBRARY/TECHNOLOGY SERVICES The Digital Library/Technology Services department plays an integral role in managing the library's digital infrastructure, resources and services. Itensures digital resources like databases, e-books and online journals are accessible to students, faculty and staff, It also oversees the technological infrastructure supporting digital and physical library services including the Integrated Library Services (ILS), digital repositories and user interfaces. Functions of Digital Library/Technology Services 1, Managementof digital resources 2, Digital repository and institutional repositori 3, Library website and discovery tools 4, Integrated Library Systems (ILS) management 5, Usersupportand training es, ETT6. Digital preservation and management 7. Technology infrastructureand IT support STAFF HIERARCHY The staff hierarchy ina university library is designed to ma; the complex operations of the library, including reso management, user services, technology and Administration i Organisational structure can vary based on the size and talsston the university, but most university libraries follow 9 0"! hierarchical model that often reflects the broader structure sft university, 1. University Librarian/Library Director: The highest-ranking officer in the library is the University Librarian, also known as the Library Director. This individual is responsible fo; overseeing all library operations, including budgeting, strategic planning and collaborating with other university departments. The University Librarian reports directly to the university's Vice-chancellor for academic affairs. Responsibilities: * Leadership and direction of the library Formulation of policies and strategic initiatives Representation of the library within the university administration External relations, including partnerships with other libraries and academic institutions * 2. Deputy University Librarian: A Deputy University Librarian assists the University Librarian and may oversee specific areas such as operations, planning or collections. He/she acts as the second-in-command and may take charge in the absence of the University Librarian. 3. Heads of Departments/Divisions: Heads of divisions are in charge of Particular library f departments or ‘unctional areas.‘These roles answer di c rectly to the Univ the Associate/ Deputy Librarian, These Librarian, Senior Librarian, and. Li university on ‘ ersity Librarian or to may include Principal lib hoa ibrarian 1 cadres. A Fastlane, Techical Savin Lan eel Services. ervices, Public Services and Digital i, eee I: Professional degrees, such as a Master of Library and Information Science (MLIS), are commonly held by librarians, who hold positions in several divisions within the library. 5. Support Staff (Clerks, Shelvers, Student Workers): Clerks, shelvers and student employees are examples of support staff who help with the more standard parts of library operations. They help inshelving returned materials and maintaining the organisation of the stacks, assisting at service desks by checking materials in and out or answering basic user questions and performing clerical tasks such as data entry, filing or preparing materials 6, Digital Librarians/ Technologists: Managing digital resources and technology in libraries is the primary responsibility of digital librarians and technologists. This entails managing digitisation initiatives, keeping an eye on digital repositories, and making sure digital library systems run smoothly. 15 Services Offered by University Library The services rendered by university libraries, according to Bassey (2006) include: 1. Circulating information ma terials to eligible patrons under equitable policies. 2 Providingreference referral services,Providing indexing and abstracting services cove Professional periodical received in library 4, Providing current awareness services, whict library display, selective dissemination of in (SDI) and compilation of bibliographies, Providing continued instruction to patrons in theeffe, of the library (user education). 6. Preparing a library handbook, giving details of rules resources, services and staff of the library and making it available to patrons free of chargeor ata minimal cost, 7. Displaying newly received books and journals in appropriate place and arranging book exhibition on different themes appropriate to a given occasion, an effort to bring its resources to the notice of its patrons. TINg the h include formation ictive 8. Promoting inter-library cooperation loans. 9. Provision of computer services and convenient hours of services. References American Library Association, (2020), "Principles of Digital Preservation for Libraries." ALA Publications: American Library Association. (2022), Library Services for All: Ensuring Accessibility. ALA Publications, Charles, N. C, and Ebele, C. U, (2020). The Role of University Library for Enhanced University-Industry Relationship: Library Philosophy and Practice (e,journal). De Vries, J. A; (2014), The Digital Future of National Libraries Chandos Publishing Evans, G, E., & Carter, T, M, (2013), Introduction to Library Public Services (Sthed,), Libraries Unlimited Ifidon, 5, E. (1996), Essentials of Management of African University Libraries, Lagos: Librservice, ISBN 978- 2972102, Jain, A. K,, &Jorapur, Y. R. (2006), Special Libraries: In the New Millennium. Ess Publications, on} Jeon. Ve N Kenney". a Kenned: Koenis, Lankes Ogunn Lor, P. Them: Mano Mora Murr Nne: Rut Smi Undig TWO cassette “hey INFORMATION RESOURCES which! IN A LIBRARY al pr-0: Akinole; MIS. 0: Adepoju ond Mia. Goriva Eat ‘ice 2.0 Introduction ae The prime objective of University Library is to support the one's learning, teaching and research activities of the parent institution, goure’ hence the library is considered as the heart of academi, as bo institutions (Kona et al, 2017; Gurikar and Gurikar, 2015) quali Academic libraries have the responsibility of providing optimum oe and reliable information resources to satisfy the information ec needs of their users. The information resources are channels 21F through which information and ideas are conveyed and prin organised for use. (Ezekwe and Muokabeto) 2012 apt t Information resources in the library help the users to get a knowledge for recreation, personal development and inter- pri personal relationships. The library resources and _ services jou provide opportunities for learning, support literacy and help to en reshape new ideas and perspectives that are central to a creative and innovative society. Library resources are divided into two Be broad categories: print and non-print resources. Print materials pi | in libraries include books, magazines, newspapers and cc specialised library materials such as reference books, patents, st pamphlets, maps, diagrams figures, reports, thesis/ dissertations a and maps, whereas non-printed materials include audio-visual t resources and e-resources, Non-print materials are often referres a to as audio-visual resources such as film strips, video-tapes, i overhead transparencies. They require special equipment suchas 1 projectors, video cassette/players, slide projectors, audioea layers e ae ee decode the information contained in them. which require eel on of advanced technology, some of equipment to operate. Some of them are jistened to or viewed, while others can toto “iin Print materials are extremely portable, cost effective, readily available and comfortable to use. There is no need of special devices to operate them and with adequate illumination, print materials can be used anywhere at any time and can be used at one's own speed. The difference between print and non-print sources is that print sources that are published in hardcopy, such as books or newspapers, typically have benefit of some type of uality control prior to publication on the web;some materials that can be found on the Internet are not necessarily checked for accuracy before such are putonline. 2.1 Print Resources Print resources are materials containing information presented in a printed format. The imprint and symbols in the document can be read with human eyes withoutneed forany form of assistance, whether electronic or other device. There are several types of print resources that can enhance academic work such as books, journals, newspapers, magazine, reference materials like encyclopedia, dictionaries, atlas and government publications. Books: A book is anumber of pieces of paper, usually with words printed on them, which are fastened together and fixed inside a cover of stronger paper or cardboard. Books contain information, stories or poetry. A book is defined as any documents that has a collection of forty-nine (49) pages or more that are bound together with a distinctive tittle, which is separately published and has an independent physical existence. A book is divided into three major parts, they are: the preliminary parts, the main textand the subsidiary parts. ®Preliminary parts: This part includes the main text, all the pages before the main text. The pagesin thisaant sre either unnumbered or numbered in Roman nut? father than Arabicnumerals which are associated with text, This includes, half title page, title page, full titles book, author(s)’ name, the imprint page, copyright pays dedication page, preface, acknowledgements, forewort, contents and the introduction page. Main text: This is the main body of the book. It contain, illustrations such as drawings, portraits, photograph. plates, tables, diagrams, the footnotes at the bottom of each page and the marginal notes (annotations by the margins of the pages of the book) iii. Subsidiary parts: This includes list of references bibliography, appendix, glossary, and index of the book Journals: A journal is a publication which comes out ona regular basis and contains articles. Journal publications are issued in parts and at intervals, Journals and magazines are types of periodicals. Periodicals are publications issued on a regular basis suchas weekly magazines, scholarly journalsand newspapers, Newspaper: A newspaper is printed and distributed usually daily or weekly and that contains news articles of opinion, features and advertisements, which has a specific structure and includes features such as headlines, quotes, facts, captions, rhetorical questions and sensational descriptions. Magazine: A magazine is a printed or digitally published collection of texts, such as essays, articles, stories, poems and images. Magazines are produced at regular intervals and can cover a wide variety of subjects. A magazine is a periodical publication, generally published on a regular schedule containing a variety of content. They are generally financed by ® avertising Zombinatior preference ept in as Hextion. Rel he library library Directories pook is th page Encyclop summary or a part details, | encyclo Encyclo} Functio + Itgr * Itis infc * Itp * Itg » It} art = i co Dicti is a pron spell encyied! ing purchase combination of the three, Price, prepaid subscription, or by a Reference Materials: Reference materials i i xept in a special place in the library Same ee Section. Reference materials is Systematically for consultation in the library only. They cannot be borrowed or loaned out of the library. Examples include Dictionaries, Encyclopedias, Directories, Handbooks etc, The easy way to identify a reference pook is that it is just stamped REFERENCE ONLY on the title page. Encyclopedia: An encyclopedia is a compendium holding a summary of information from either all branches of knowledge or a particular branch of knowledge. It treats a topic in minutes’ details, but they are usually factual and current. Types of encyclopedias: Encyclopedia Britannica (30 volumes), Encyclopedia Americana (30 volumes), Subject Encyclopedia,etc. Functions of Encyclopedia * Itgives facts. * It is regarded as a storehouse of knowledge, proving all information of importance. * Itprovides ideas of a particular period. * Itgivesdifferent viewpointsina particular topic. * It provides valuable bibliographies attached to the principal article. * It gives illustration, especially children encyclopedia with coloured illustrations. Dictionary: A dictionary according to Oxford English Dictionary is a collection of words in which each word shows its Pronunciation, derivation, meaning, syllabication usage, spelling etc. The basic difference between a dictionary and an lopedia is that a dictionary defines words while anEncyclopedia give of dictionaries include Jan, dictionaries, d abbreviations, ©s general information about topics, Foy, nel guage dictionaries, technica anes ictionaries of biography and dictions Aries Language dictionaries: The dictionary may monolingual, written with only one language for instanc, Oxford English Dictionary. It could be bilingual, Wie with languages such as French-English Dictionary, Russian-English Dictionary. The last is a multi-lingual that is written with three or more languages, examples are English-French-German Dictionary, Dictionary Nuclear Science and Technology in six languages, English-Spanish-Italian-Dutch-German-French. ii. Technical subject dictionaries:Theygive meaning of Words to terms in relation to specific vocations or discipline, They discuss specialized terms for instance Chambers Dictionary of Science and Technology, McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical terms. iii, Dictionaries of biography:This type gives the alphabetical listings of famous people with short biographies on each, often giving details of their major published works and a bibliography writing about them, Example are Dictionary of Scientific Biography and A Biographical Dictionary of Scientists, iv, Dictionaries of abbreviations;This type is a specialised dictionary that lists commonly used abbreviations and acronyms along with their full meanings or expansions Examples are Acronyms and Initialisms Dictionary, and World Guide to Abbreviations of organisations. ; " tlas is a collection of maps; it is typically a map of Atlases: ie ace Anatlas is a (curated) collection of Spatial data earth or @& G fo Ss le ir ix R c F é 1ied nd as. ad of ta aaa ss spatial focal point visualised with different Bee It is a book or collection of maps. Many atlases also contain facts and history about certain places, ent publications: Publications, re; i fee etieclck pabliched by author ots govenaentody ally, they are issued or published by the executive, Iegislative and judicial functions of government at all level international, national, federal, local government bodies and jntergovernmental bodies. Typical examples are Gazettes and Reports. Gazette is a government publications designed to report current events particularly government documents and official pers. Whatever is published in the Gazette becomes law, such as Federal and State Government Gazettes. It is an official periodical with legal notices, news appointments, promotions etc. 2.2 Electronic Resources Electronic resources or e-resources, refer to digital information and materials accessed and utilised through various devices. Electronic resources consist of electronic versions of newspapers, magazines, books and journals that were originally published in hard-copy version. E-resources also include full-text journals, newspapers, company information, dictionaries, encyclopedias, economic data, digital image, industry profiles, market research and more. i. Database: A database is an organised collection of data stored in a computer system and usually controlled by a Database Management System (DBMS). The data in common database is modeled in tables making queering and processing efficient. Structured Query Language (SQL) is commonly used for data queering, and writing. The purpose of the database is to operate a large amount of information by strong, retrieving and managing data. There are many databases at the Virtual Library unit ofeae Oke Library LAUTECH, on ine presence on the university website vi With Koha Integrated Library Management Software's Moray deals with various courses offered in the university’ bi *SILY such 1 Ogbomoso The Journal of Architecture and Urbani Is.vilniustech.lt/ index. phy Beata International Research Journal of Natural Sciences z ba (IRJNS) . International Journal of Geography and Regional Planning Research (IJGRPR)- hitps://eajournals.org/iigrpr/ International Journal of Energy and Environmental Research (IJEER) -https:/ /eajourna’ Is.org/ijeer/ LAUTECH Journal of Civil and Environmental Studies- s:/ /laujoces.org/archive, E-BOOKS - https:/ / www.doabooks.org/ DOAJ: https:/ /doaj.org/ SCIENCE DIRECT - https://www.sci ‘t.corn ii, Electronic books (e-books); An e-book is a digital book that can be read on devices like tablets, smart phones, laptops and desktop computers. E-books offer features such as changing font size, adding bookmarks and sometimes even audio or videos. They come in different format such as EPUB, MOBI and PDF, E-books are cheaper and more portable than paper books. \ iii, E-journals: E-journals or electronic journals are digital versions of scholarly publications available online, The) “: ©eabat cane and convenient way to access and cima oe scholarly content. ly journals communicate the work of scholars, Eman af Tesearchers, and it contributes 19 the Re Hanic journal io aeverslly ened boy ot oer lalthough those locally ow: ies delivered via networks, format such asCD-ROMa nee through a static electronic Pi Galine newe OMare not specifically excluded. Onlin papers: An online newspaper is the online version of a newspaper, either as a stand-alone publication or as the online version of a newspapers: Online newspapers are different from traditional print newspapers in the following ways’ |. Medium: Traditional newspapers are print publications, while online newspapers are available on the Internet. . Interactivity: Online newspapers allow readers to interact with the content through comments, videos and sideshows. v. Online magazines: There are magazines that are read online. They arenot formatted for a tablet (they don'tneed to be, they are HTML) and they cannot be bought in an app store. They are available through a magazine subscription website. Where the user can view an issue of amagazine, one that is linear and periodic has pages: anda regular frequency and can be viewed in responsive HTMLonany desktop or mobile device at any time. There is nothing to download. Publishers of online magazines, also referred to as web magazines, usually generate their revenue through subscribers and may also take adverts. 2.3 Acquisition and Management of Information Resources Acquisition and management of information resources refer to the systematic processes involved in obtaining, organising, a Te |Storing and utilising information effectively within a libra acquisition and management of information resource: The Process of selecting materials for library and information «° in all formats, including digital items and maintancc™® Oban Tecords for acquisition of library resources? Ae objectives of the library and the interests of its users or Cliente, (powld determine the resources of any library, be it acadne library, private, school libraries, etc. r Information resources should meet curricular and “xtracurricular needs of the students, lecturers and othvs members of the university community in order to build upa virile, well-balanced stock. The university librarian or head of the library, heads of departments and lecturers in the university work in close cooperation. There are three main avenues through, which materials can be obtained for the library: purchase gift/donation or loan. The easiest and most common is through purchase. That is why the library must have a budget of its own distinct from the university. Usually, ten percent of the school's budgetisalso allocated to the library in more advanced countries. Management of Information Resources In this case, the librarian in charge should constantly check library resources, especially information resources from time to time to see that they are well used. Loan records will show resources that are in popular demand. Multiple copies of Tesources such as books should be bought. Attention can be drawn to less used books through advocacy, online newsletter, displays and exhibitions. Regularly updating and maintaining information resources are essential to ensure accuracy and relevance. This includes data cleansing, archiving outdated information, continuous monitoring 4 of information quality Effective information resource management is crucial for enhancing productivity, supporting decision-making and main! infor! wor clien 2ac orenrgE BOoRne ay avdaan ee aa Bae wine in any library. Secondl Bec ahould be ene become obsolete or badly We aieottheltrary n from circulation of users and 2.4Challenges of Managing Information Resources Managing information resources in a library involves several challenges, especially intoday'sdigitalage, such issuesare: } 4. Budgets constrains -— | 2. Technological infrastructure License agreement Userauthentication Information literacy Collection management Access and delivery Shortage of computer systems, ). Unreliable Internetconnections 0. Poor information technology infrastructure development, NAwew pen Also, there some agent of deterioration of library materials or resources. They included: i, Physicalagent:high temperature, humidity and sunlight | ii, Biological agents: rodents, insects, mildew; ili, Chemical agents: dust, acids and other atmospheric contaminants; iv, Human agents: thefts, mutilation, pencil or biro marks; y. Natural agents; water, fire, etc. It is pertinent to remember that preservation does not affect books or paper only, but alsosuch other materials in the library as microforms, photographic prints, tapes, charts, records, computer systems, CD-ROM, DVD, ete. Therefore, both the print andnon-print should be properly managed or preserved. -_ °CHAPTER USER EDUCATION IN LIBRARIES Dr Adebayo, 0.A., Salami, K. 0. and Dr Arinola, A.A. 3.0 Introduction User education has become a necessity in the library as a result of the tremendous increase in the volume of publication as well as the resulting complexity of library and the methods by which information is organised and disseminated to library users. Many users come into the library as first timers and do not know how to differentiate the kinds of resources and services of a particular library. Meanwhile, the information environment is gradually changing and there is need for every category of information user to be kept abreast of the changes, especially in the digital age. Educating a library user on how to select, locate and retrieve information is an important task that provides a long-time assistance to users, while also enabling them to properly navigate the library system. 31 Definition of User Education User education is defined as a process through which library Users are motivated to use information resources and the various types of library services. Adindu, Achebe and Uzoechina (2020) define user education as the process of imparting knowledge and Skills to library user, enabling them to effectively access, evaluate 4nd utilise information resources. tinvolves activities that will make the library users conscious ofusers on how to u: tremendous value of information y OB. i life and also develop their interest (S348 their 4, when they require, Basically, us *eclucatic ation ty se library resources ang St i : : aNd seryjog libre assist them in getting needed information, = snd alia! ’ ' 3.1.1 User Education Programmes There are different methods thro: ugh which user e, be delivered to library users. They includ" °*%2H0n coy 1 Library orientation: This is a library user with the library, Se facilities such as the online catalogue (PAG) ant other basic reference materia! a programme assists library users about the library and “he motivates them to piel search and use information maximally. It ce awareness about available information resources and also exposes library users to various organisational tools of the library, Library orientation programme could be provided using difference means like library talks, library tours of various library units, distribution of library guides to each new user, seminars, workshops, etc Information literacy could also be part of library orientation programme to teach prospective users/students the essentials skills and strategies for effective information retrieval and use, : 2. Library instructions: These are means through Ww ne users are taught the concepts and logic of gueaen access and evaluation. Through library instructions, ay are equipped with skills to locate library resouroms utilise them effectively to satisfy their information yee Library instructions are also used to teach library ue ea how to use indexes, bibliographic tools, abstrac 3.1.>» @ other reference Bice. Gee tie library through library ifs hom one lhs sppliciten of library instructions Pelikan ibrary, the main purpose is to brary users independent and skillful in and using library resources. Library i eee r - y s, Library instructions are introduced in most academic institutions to provide students with skills and intellectual ability to meee and retrieve information. For example, library instruction could be provided using classroom teaching. In most academic libraries, the academic librarians are saddled with the responsibilities of teaching the course “Use of Library” with specific code and units attached 3. Bibliographic instructions; These aim at exposing, users to bibliographic tools; users are guided on understanding, the features of bibliographic tools and their nature of subject coverage. 3,1.2 Importance of User Education i) User education is essential as it helps in publishing the services of the library and improves the image of the library. ii) It creates awareness on information resources that are available in the library. iii) It is used to expose users to various organisational tools in the library. iv) Ithelps in motivating users to search for and use information. v) User education equips library users with the necessary Skills to Jocate relevant information n the library. 3.2 Library Registration and MembershipThe library is opened to all cards to suit organisation goal. Essential t ; 0 every regis! cans a8 the identity of the potential uses, Which include ..® residential address, Occupation, phone n: Photographs, a, lumber, Pessportsiz, Am At LAUTECH, registration fee is paid at Olusegun Oke Libr, At registration Point, potential users will be Siven a set of fore the space Provided on the cards, The cards bearing his Passpor would be laminated. Thereafter, one of the laminated cards Will be returned to the circulation desk for the completion of the registration process, The other laminated Passport carq (identification card) will be returned to the user. This will always be presented at the library entrance to the secu rity personnel (porters) before the reader would be granted access to the library. To borrow a book, a user will fill borrower's ticket at the circulation table, while the book to be borrowed will be stamped with the due date stamp by the circulation desk's Personnel There is a due date slip that every book on the circulation normally carries in the library. This is usually pasted at the loose leave at the back of each li brary book, The information contained on the slip includes; the author, title, due date, access number, classification number or (call no-where LC scheme is used because of the cutter number). A book could be loaned for two weeks, The standards are dictated by each library's policy, A newly admitted student who has completed his/her registration is entitled to borrow as many books as determined by his/her borrowing ticket.Jn Olusegun Oke library at LAUTECH for instance, the library icy stipulates that user should be issued two borrower's ticket at registration. The undergraduate student is qualified to borrow ‘one book and return not later than a week. Lecturers and other qualified senior staff are entitled to borrow two books at a time, and return them within the space of two weeks, 3.2.1 Library Registration Requirement ‘A typical academic library offers a streamlined process for becoming a member and accessing its rich array of resources. Here's how you can register: 4. Membership is typically open to students, faculty and alumni of the institution as well as members of the public, depending on specific terms. (Always check the library's official website or contact the library directly for the most accurate information.) 2. To register, the library user must prov’ ide a valid form of identification (e.g, student ID, admission letter), Each student is to register with admission letter and 2 passport photographs. 3, Fill out the registration form available at the library or on the library website, The form will ask for personal information and contact details. 4. New members are often given an orientation to familiarise themselves with the library's resources and services, This mightincludea tour of the facilities, an introduction to the catalogue system and information on borrowing policies, 3.2.2 Library Membership Benefits Library users enjoy the following benefits: * Access to resources ¢ Programmes and events© Study and meeting spaces © Digital services * Interlibrary loans Membership Responsib: Members are expected to: * Adhere to borrowing limits and return items by their due dates to avoid fines. Review the library's borrowing Policy forspecific details. * Follow the library's code of conduct to ensure a respect{y and productive environment, This policy is outlined on the library's website. * Memberships are usually renewed annually. 3.3 How to Use the Library Catalogue Library catalogue is essential to library organisation. It is also an indispensable tool that has been intelligently brought about through the process of cataloguing and classification of library materials. It is a comprehensive record of books, maps, sound recordings or materials in other medium, which represents 2 collection arranged alphabetically by authors, title or subjects, It is a key to locating where a particular information material is placed in the library. Thereare different forms of library catalogue bound register, printed books catalogue, adjustable sheaf catalogue, card catalogue, Online Public Access Catalogue etc The card catalogue is the most popular physical form of library catalogue. The card catalogue consists of the bibliographic records (author's name, title, name of publisher, date of publication, ISBN/ISSN, series etc.) of each item in the library The are pia bo’ ca usaE The records are provided on 3 inches by 5 inches card. The cards are filed in drawers, putin a catalogue cabinet and held firmly in place with a metal rod passing through a hole created at the bottom of the catalogue card. The card is arranged in the drawers inanalphabetical order. Each itemin the library is represented by cards filed using author's name, subject and fitle, The cards are ki usually arranged in a sequential order like alphabetical form. te ley 3.3.1 Procedures for using the card catalogue are: 4, The library users who wish to retrieve information wl material should consult the library catalogue with a ' spe heading! in mind. This could be author, title or n subject. 2. The author catalogue is searched when only the name of the author of the book is known, 3, The title card catalogue is searched when only the title of the book is known. * J 4, The subject card catalogue is searched when only the | subject is known. The subject catalogue containing subject entries of the library items usually come to the rescue of the library user, especially when searching for item(s) of which neither the author nortitle is known. When the desired catalogue card is eventually found, the library user must carefully note the call mark or classification number assigned to the desired library item. This is usually written on the top left-hand corner of the catalogue card. 6. The information user proceeds to the library shelves to locate the particular shelf on which the item with the call markis placed, 7. The library user will then locate the desired item by checking the spines on which call marks are written. oncal ifthe i Id not be Id note that if the item coul = D ath should be extended to libra, Teveg The library user 5) nt have been loaned out to anothe, libra ny ‘on the shelf, the oe because the item mg) user. ine Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) rovision of library services, leading to the development of Sie publicaccess catalogue (OPAC) which is a modern for, catalogue. OPAC is a searchable online database of a library, collection that is made available to the public. It is a libra,, catalogue that isaccessed by using computer and other electron devices. OPAC provides so many access points compared jo, what is available in a card catalogue. It is also designed to be searched using author, title, subject or keyword, ISBN, ISSN ec in an interface that is user-friendly. To use an OPAC, a library user, which could be student or faculty member, would first of all register with the library, thereafter follow the certain steps to search forinformation. Step-by-step Guide to the Use of the Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) STEP 1: Visit the Olusegun Oke library websiti ‘www.olusegun.lautech.edu.ng STEP 2: Login with your username and password. STEP 3: Click “library catalogue” on the default page and you havea drop-down menu. STEP 4: On the drop-down menu immediately after the word Search, choose one of the available fields of your choice ©.g, (Library Catalog: Title, Author, subject etc.) as shown inFigures1,23,4. Please note; On the search box: st st si Pl OERi, Startwith one fieldata timee.g, Title, Author Subject. ii, You do not have to type in the whole title. You can type one word or two words of the title. iii, When you use the author field, please do not abbreviate Therefore, use one name of the author. iy. You can combine a word from the title and a name of the author. STEP 5: Once you have typed in your request /search query, pressenter key. STEP 6; Retrieved records will appear. STEP 7: Use scroll down keys or navigation keys on the toolbar to move from one record to another. Pleasenote the following on eachrecord: i. Thecall number of the book e.g. Z678.K52 2024 ii, The section where the book is to be found e.g. open shelves section, Reference section, Reserve section, Special collection, faculty library etc. STEP 8: Write the call number down and goto the shelves section to retrieve the book. Fig 1: Koha OPAC search screen3.4 Definiti Reference ¢ = ae individuals : — informatio libraries ot be defines informatic platform (' such as " research-| essential Fig 3; Koha OP. i E| Eee ‘AC showing search result for the title ‘engineering bycomp: Areferer ie ou TFig 4: Koha OPAC showing search result for author. 3,4 Definitions of Reference Queries Reference queries are specific, articulated requests posed by individuals seeking information or knowledge from various information sources, including databases, search engines, libraries or digital repositories. Similarly, a reference query can be defined as a question posed by a user seeking specific information or resources from a database, library or online platform (Shah, 2022), Reference queries can be simple questions, such as "What is the capital of Nigeria?’ or more complex research-based inquiries. Understanding reference queries is essential for effective information retrieval. Students can enhance their research skills and optimise their search strategies by comprehending the different types and their significance. Areference query typically involves three key components: ® User intent: This refers to the underlying purpose or motivation behind the query, which can range fromseeking immediate facts (e.g,, What is the Ghana?) to exploring mare iiriente topics lee Wren a the economic impacts of climate change on agricul, Understanding user intent is crucial for accursty interpreting and fulfilling thequery (Ding Xu 2029)" * Query formulation: This involves the mannerin whi 2) 2) : ch the Tia user constructs their query using keywords, phrases any | specific search strategies. Effective query formulatio,, often influences the relevance and quality of the information retrieved. Users may apply various, techniques such as Boolean operators, phrase searches o; advanced search options to optimise their queries(Shah, 2022). ¢ Information retrieval: This is the process whereby information systems interpret the query and returm relevant resources or data. The effectiveness of information retrieval is contingent upon both the clarity of the user's query and the capabilities of the information “system being queried. 3.4.1 Significance of Reference Queries Reference queries are significant for several reasons: i, They facilitate user satisfaction by providing access specific information, which is crucial in academic research, professional settings and everyday decision making. ii, They enhance the efficiency of information retrieval systems, ensuring users can find relevant data quickly. iii. Properly formulated reference queries can lea id to 7 .on OF + te" improved outco; i EP ae businessintelligence. research, education and even tay iv. Efficiency of information systems: Constructing precise queries saves time. Uth, ang gaa Typesof Reference Queries tion i, Informational Queries are a specific type of query the where the user seeks to acquire factual information, dus Bor sa, to questions or general knowledge about a fos Be, = topic, These queries typically aim for ah straightforward responses and are essential for users | who want to enhance their understanding of a subject orsimply obtain specific data. by | Example: "What is climate change?" or "Who wrote ™m ‘Pride and Prejudice'?” of ii. Navigational Queries are a specific category of search of queries where users intend to locate a particular be website or webpage. In essence, these queries are often used when users know the destination they want to reach online but may not have the exact URL. Navigational queries can include brand names, specific page titles or phrases that indicate a desired website. £ Example: "Facebook login" or "BBC News homepage." c iii, Transactional Queries are a specific type of search 5 query in which users seek to perform a specific action or transaction online. These queries go beyond simply l gathering information and are oriented toward achieving a particular outcome, such as making a nt purchase, signing up for a service, downloading content or obtaining specificresources. 7 Example: "Buy shoes online" or "Download music.Academic Queries are specialise, hat users formulate when seeking demic or scholarly purpose, ries often involve in-dept, fic topic and are typicajjy heir complexity and requirement f,, iv, Research and search queries tl information for acai These types of que investigation into a spect characterised by t credible, high-quality sources. Example: "What are the impacts of globalisation o local cultures?” ‘What are the effects of climate change oy biodiversity?” 3.5 Definition of Information Literacy Information literacy is a crucial skill for undergraduate students, enabling them to navigate the vast landscape of information available in today’s digital age. This study material provides a comprehensive overview of information literacy, its components, and its significance. Information literacy is defined as the ability to recognise when information is needed and to locate, evaluate and effectively use the needed information (American Association of College & Research Libraries [ACRL| 2021). It encompasses a wide range of skills necessary for critical thinking and informed decision-making. 3.5.1 Significance of information literacy The significance of information literacy can be summarised as follows: i. Empowerment: It enables students to take control of their learning and research processes (Lloyd, 2022). ii, Academic success: It contributes to better academic performance by enhancing research skills and critical thinking (Aharony, & Borko, 2021), 3.6Li Eeeiii. Lifelong learning: It prepares students for lifelong learning by fostering skills necessary for adapting to changing information environments. 7 4.5.2 Information literacy skills j. Identifying information needs ii, Information secking strategies Evaluating information: iv. Using information effectively y. Ethical use of information 3.5.3 New Trends in Information Literacy Thenew trends influencing information literacy include: ¢ Integration into curriculum: Many institutions are embedding information literacy instruction across disciplines (Jaeger, & Bertot, 2021). « Digital literacy Increasing emphasis acomponent of information literacy (Lloyd, 2022). Collaborative learning: Promoting teamwork and collaboration in information literacy education to enhance learning outcomes. on digital literacy as 3.6 Library Rules and Regulations LAUTECH Library Rules and Sanctions 1. Always carry your LAUTECH ID card and library card while coming to use the library. 2, All readers must maintain silence in and around the onment at all times. Group discussion, noise library envir are prohibited in the making, making and answering calls library. Mobile phones should be switched off or set to silent mode to avoid disturbing other users3. Consumption of food and beverages is Prohibit, the library to prevent damage to materials ang With Main,” cleanliness. ain pee 4. Bags and other personal belongings should be designated area, No briefcase or bags areallowe, “4 B., Serie library. Mto i, a 5. Library users must submit themselves fo; univ checking when leaving the library. Prope, 4, Any 6. Handle library materials with care. Defacing, dam libri or removing items without proper checkout js a prohibited. “ alti . ene! 7. No user will be allowed to borrow any book(s) from th, . 4, Re library until they have been properly chargedout, * ib 8. It is a serious offense for any library user to deface an mutilate or remove any part of a library book o, U periodical. ‘ a ar 9. Readers must leave all consulted books on the Teading of table after use. On no occasion should a reader attemptte put books back on the shelves. 3, | 10. Failure to return borrowed book(s) on the due date isa punishable offense in the library 7 11. Reading tables and chairs must notbe displaced or movei away from where they are placed. 12. Reservation of seats or spaceis not allowed inthe library 13. Library users are not allowed to hide or conceal books ot other library materials as this act would deprive other TUTO users' access to the material. y Sanctions for violations 2) 1. Finesare imposed for overdue items, damage to materials 3) or loss of library property. Charges will be applied base 4) on the nature and extent of the violation.Wi thy Ainge i leg to te . Tbe, Bing Tite 4 the face, © or ling dt to or er Is d Repeated or severe infractions may lead toa temporary or permanent suspension of library borrowing privileges. 3, Serious breaches of conduct, such as theft or vandalism, will be reported to the university authorities and may result in further disciplinary measures according to the university's code of conduct. Any act of indiscipline to any member of staff in the 4 library will attract disciplinary action. General Library Rules 1, Readers are required to be well behaved in the library. No library user should engage in fight with library staff or any other person within the library, 2, Use library facilities and equipment, including computers and printers, for academic purposes only. Ensure to log off and leave workstations clean after use: Follow all emergency procedures as outlined by the library staff, including evacuation plans in case of emergencies. 4, Animalsorpetsarenot allowed in library. 5. The use of any form of naked flames such as candle is prohibited in library. » TUTORIAL QUESTIONS 1) Define user educationand explain its significance in an academiclibrary. 2) Explain library orientation. 9) Describe the procedures for library registration 4) Identify three (3) benefits of library membership.5) Enumerate seven (7) rules that guide the use of Olu. Oke Library. i 6) Whatare the procedures for using a card catalogue? 7) Write out the full meaning of OPAC 8) Listout the step-by-step procedure for using OPAC 9) Define reference queries and explain their significance ; the information retrieval process. ; 10) List and explain the three key components of a refereng, query. Provide an example for each component. 11) Whatare informational queries? Give two examples, 12) Define information literacy, Why is it considered q, essential skill for undergraduate students? 13) Identify and describe the significance of two skil\ associated with information literac: 14) Discuss the importance of evaluating information when conducting research, What crite: ould be considered during this process? References Aboyade, M.A and Oyewumi, 0.0. Eds. (2023). A textbook on the use of library for students in tertiary institutions. Olusegu: Oke Library. Adindu A. I, Achebe, N.E and Uzoechina CE. (2020). Application o information communication Technology (ICT) for effective user education programme in Federal University Libraries in South East, Nigeria.Jnternatior JournalofLibraryand information science.12 16-3 https:/ / doi.org/ 10.5897 /ijlis2018.0844 Affram, K.P.N (2017). Digital library services in the digital age.International Journalof Library and Information Scie (IJLIS) 6;79-82 Aharony, N., & Borko, H. (2021), The impact of information liters onacademic performance: A systematic review. Jour’ Academ rican AS! ames (nfo! Ret https, ping, ¥» &* come 690. erald, F Fieger Governor A effec edu Ju Ht Jaeger.P.1 in Lit Loyd, A. Li Okly. RB h Shah, C l I Wanja, White, ZhangKG cirour ICT APPLICATION IN LIBRARIES Dr A. S. Ebijuwa and Miss 0. 0. Oladejo 4.0 Introduction Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are toois and resources used to create, store and share information. With the continuous advancement in technology, contemporary libraries have continued to incorporate ICT into their operations and services. This enables them to cater to the evolving needs of their various patron categories. In some libraries, specific tasks are simply executed with the aid of computers. At the same time, in some others, most of the library's operations and services are carried out not just with computers but also with other advanced ICT tools. 4.1 Basic ICT Components ina Library Several essential elements make up the library's ICT ecosystem. These components are interdependent, that is, they work together to ensure the effectiveness of tasks being performed and services being delivered by the library. Some primary components of ICT in libraries include hardware, software, networking systems, storage services and security systems, etc i. Hardware: This refers to the physical ICT components 1" the library. They include computers, servers and networking equipment. It is important to note that the hardware components in the library are essential as they serveasthe hosts for the software and other intangible ICT com har