7 Forces and Motion.

(a) units

1 1 use the
.

following :
Kilogram (kg) ,
metre (m) , metre/second (m/s),
metre/second (m/s) Newton (N) , ,
Second(s) , newton/Kilogram (N/kg).
km >
-
m >
-
cm- > mm
X1000 X100 * 10

not mins >

-

Sec
X60 X60

(b) Movement and position

1 3 Plot and explain distance time

graphs.
-

Fast
Steady speed
~
,

1
- Acceleration

stationary
↓ Return to
· - Start

Y
&
Time
1 l . know and use the relationship between average speed ,
distance
moved and time taken
:

distance moved (m)

Average -

Speed (m/s) time taken (s)

1 5
.

practical Investigate the

:
motion of everyday objects Such as
toy/
tennis balls.

M Distance object
:
moves & time taken

E Trundle wheel &

:

Stopwatch
S :
metre & seconds ,
m/s (speed
A :
Use larger distance to increase time
decreasing affect by reaction time.
F Distance
:
Speed =
time.
R :
Repeat each distance 5 times

A:
Average on the mean time taken.
G : No .
graph

1 6 know/use the relationship between acceleration , and

.

Change in velocity
time taken.

acceleration
(m/s)
=

(
invima
Change
17 Plot and explain
.

velocity-time graphs.

a
ConstantSpe

↑
-

velocis)
ty nament)
Negative
&

posture --accelerationevents
Distance travelled

/ Area
-12
Time (seconds)
1 8 Determine acceleration from gradient of VI
.

graph

-
Gradient change
in
y hange in velocity
=
change in t
change in time.

1 9 Determine distance travelled from the area between V-t and the
.
a
graph
time axis.

1 10.
use the relationship between final speed , initial speed , acceleration and

distance moved :

~
(final speed)" (initial speed) +
= (2 x acceleration x distance moved (
=
v (axaxs)
=
=
u +
(C) Forces , movement ,
shape and momentum

1 11 .
Describe the effects of forces between bodies such as
changes in
speed
shape or direction.

1 12 .

Identify different types of forces such as gravatational or electrostatic.

-

Weight :
the force between
any 2 objects with mass.

Electrostatic the force between objects with charge (like

any
-
:
a a

proton and an election .

(
-

Thrust Force pushing a

:
vehicle.

upthrust the upward force fluid. (boat water .

any object
- :
on in a on

Air resistance (drag) particles colliding with objects falling through

Air
- :

the air and

slowing them down (* Acts in the opposite direction to
.

the objects motion.

Compression Force that Squeezes an

object.
-
-

Tension -
Force that Stretches an object.
-

Reaction force -
When an object pushes against another object , that object
will push back with an equal reaction force.

1 13
. understand how vector quantities differ from scalar quantities .

W
Scalars quantities with (size) Letor
are
only magnitude
-
:

vectors are quantities with magnitude and direction. Displacement (m)

·

Salar :
Velocity (m/s)
·

Distance (m) mass Kinetic energy (5) Power(p) acceleration (m/s2)

(leg)
Speed (m/s) temperature (k) GPE (J) Current (A) Force (N) Weight (N) · ·
·

·
time (S) Pressure (Pa) work done(5) Potential difference(v) Moment (Nm) ·

·
Resistance(s)
1 14 understand that force vector .
.
is a
quantity
-

Magnitude measured in CN, but also has direction .

1 15 Calculate the resultant force of forces that

.
act
along a line.

< GON Y goN to the right

IONS < zoN

y zoN to the
right

1 16
.
know that friction is a force that opposes motion.

-caused by surfaces rubbing

. Always in opposite direction of motion.

1 17
. know and use the relationship between unbalanced force , mass and

acceleration :

~
force (N) = mass
(reg) x acceleration (m/sr(
~
F =
mxa

1 18
. know and use the relationship between weight , mass and gravitational
field strength :

Weight (v) gravitational field Strength (g)

~
mass (kg)
=
X

-
w
mxg
=
1 19 know that the distance is made up of the
of the
.

stopping sum

thinking and
braking distance.

1 20. Describe the factors affecting Vehicle

Stopping distance :

Braking :

thinking
I
:

-
Road conditions -
Tiredness
-

Speed -

Alcohol
-
mass -

Speed
-

Tyre conditions -

Drugs.
-

Brake conditions

1 21
. Describe the forces acting on
falling objects (and explain why falling
objects reach terminal velocity .

(9) point of release (b) accelerating FrDistance

Air resistance 0
Increasing velocity
-

as
therefore
velocity = 0 -

Increasing air

resistance
V
V

weight - weight.
Air resistance

J
(c) Terminal velocity Travelling at constant
-

When speed .

Equal
weight= Air
resistance
weight
acceleration = o
~
1 22.
practical : Investigate how extension varies with
applied force for
helical rubber bands.
springs ,
metal wires and

* helical coil springs.

springs
~

M :
Extension
of Spring , force applied.
E :

Weights in
long intervals , Springs , metal wires and rubber bands ,

ruler , Clampstand.
S :
Extension in cm
,
mass in
g
A : use a pointer attacked to the to show extension.
weights
F : N/A
R :
Repeat each mass increment 3 times .

A Find :

average extension
G Plot results
:
on
graph and draw line of best fit
.

1 23
. know that the initial linear region of a
force-extension
is associated with Hooke's Law
graph .

#Loke's
Law : Extension is
directly proportional to force applied.

In the force -

extension
graph ,
it is
initially a
straight
line that passes through the (0, 0)
origin
1 24 Describe elastic behaviour as
. the
ability of a material to
recover its original shape after forces causing deformation
are removed.

behaviour
Elastic :
extension is proportional to force and will return to
its original shape when force removed.

However

once the limit of proportionality is reached , object will no longer

return to
original shape .