Episode-1(The First Step: Cabinet Mission to Objectives Resolutions)

India's Constitution was created to unite the country and move forward with modern rules. The idea
was first proposed by Gandhi in 1914, but it was rejected by the British. Later, Pandit Motilal Nehru
prepared the Nehru Report, which was followed by his son Jawaharlal Nehru's dream of creating a
constituent assembly to write the constitution. The Government of Act 1935 and tensions between
Hindu and Muslim leagues increased, and attempts to create a draft constitution failed. After India
gained independence, the first constituent assembly was convened on 9th December 1946. Pandit
Jawaharlal Nehru presented the Aims and Objectives Resolutions, outlining the foundation of the
future constitution. Jinnah Saheb questioned the validity of the constituent assembly. The Congress
party insisted on one nation, one law, and one assembly to create the constitution .

Episode-2(Independence: A Divided Legacy)

The second episode of the framing trip focuses on India's independence and the challenges faced by
the constituent assembly in creating a unified nation. Despite opposition from those who wanted to
divide the country, the assembly consisted of representatives from all communities. However,
tensions arose as the Muslim League declared the assembly illegal and invalid. In response, Gandhiji
proposed that Ambedkar handle constitutional matters. Tensions further escalated when the idea of
Pakistan was introduced, but Gandhiji found a way to prevent partition by dismissing the interim
government and asking Jinnah to make his own. The episode also discusses the creation of the
national flag and the importance of non-violence in achieving independence. Overall, the episode
highlights the difficulties faced in creating a united India after independence.

Episode-3(Independent India: Using Fundamental Rights to Right

The third episode of Samvidhan focuses on the challenges faced by the Constituent Assembly in
drafting fundamental rights for a diverse country like India. The Human Rights Commission was
established, and discussions were held on the right to freedom of movement, property acquisition,
and carrying out any business or profession. The committee debated whether to include the right to
bear arms and decided against it, as India promotes nonviolence. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel proposed
dividing fundamental rights into two schools of thought, one wanting all possible rights enforceable
in court, and the other wanting to restrict them and make them only enforceable by law. After much
debate, fundamental rights were adopted, but some members wanted to change provisions like
abolishing the right to be untouchable. The episode highlights the importance of fundamental rights
in ensuring equality, freedom, education, and culture for all citizens of independent India.

Episode-4(People's Rights, Governance Principles, and Duties)

The fourth episode of Samvidhan begins with the death of Mahatma Gandhi and the continuation of
discussions on basic rights. The state is responsible for granting basic rights to citizens, but some
should also be protected in the constitution to prevent the legislature from taking them away. The
episode highlights debates on freedom of speech and expression, the removal of untouchability, and
sedition. Discrimination based on race, caste, language, and gender is also discussed, with C
Rajagopala speaking out for equality. The concept of directives is emphasized as an important
understanding of legislative and executive powers, and the guiding principle of education is
highlighted. The episode ends with a mention of Indira Gandhi and the addition of Mul Kartavya to
the constitution during her tenure.
 Episode-5(Fortifying the Weak: Minorities, Women, and
Backward Rights)

The episode also highlights the struggles of women and their fight for equal rights. The committee
discusses the need for gender equality in education, employment, and political participation.
Ambedkar emphasizes the importance of giving women the right to vote and run for office, and the
committee agrees to include provisions for gender equality in the constitution.

The episode also delves into the issue of land reforms and the redistribution of land to farmers and
peasants. This was a crucial issue for the backward classes who were often exploited by landlords.
The committee discusses the need for land reforms to uplift the backward classes and provide them
with economic opportunities.

Overall, the episode focuses on fortifying the rights of minorities, women, and backward classes in
India. It highlights the struggles faced by these groups and the need for affirmative action to uplift
them. The episode ends on a cliffhanger as the debate on human rights continues, leaving the
audience eagerly anticipating the next episode.

Episode-6(Whose Land Is It Anyway? : Land Reforms And Acquisition)

Episode 6 of Samvidhan focuses on land reforms and acquisition. The debate centers around the
question of compensation for land acquired by the government for public use. Raja Jagannath Baksh
Singh argues for the addition of the word "just" before compensation, while Ajit Prasad Jain opposes
it, citing the government's inability to always pay full compensation and the need to prioritize social
justice for the masses. Vibhwambar Dayal Tripathi opposes adding "just" before compensation,
arguing that compensation should be given at market value and that those who have betrayed the
nation should not be compensated. The committee also discusses whether property acquired by the
government can be later distributed to tenants for profit, with Govind's expert arguing against it.
Ultimately, the idea of adding "just" before compensation is dropped. The episode highlights the
importance of land reforms and equitable compensation for land acquisition.

Episode-7(Which Language Is Better: Hindi Or Hindustani?)

The episode delves into the contentious issue of the national language during the Indian Constitution
building process. The debate between Hindi and Hindustani as the official language is a central focus,
with Maulana Abul Kalam Azad's impassioned speech advocating for Hindustani leaving a lasting
impact. The episode highlights the complexities and heated discussions surrounding the language
issue, emphasizing the diverse viewpoints and the challenges of reaching a consensus.

Key figures such as Mahatma Gandhi and Pandit Nehru's support for Hindustani as the official
language are underscored, reflecting their belief in the coexistence and flourishing of both Hindi and
Urdu. The episode culminates in a compromise between the proponents of Hindi and supporters of
Hindustani, allowing for the continuation of English as a language for an additional 15 years.
Overall, the episode captures the intense negotiations and eventual compromise that led to a
solution for one of the most challenging aspects of nation-building, underscoring the complexities
and diverse perspectives involved in shaping India's linguistic landscape.

Episode-8(Federalism: Connecting States and the Center)

The episode delves into the complexities of federalism in the context of India's Constitution building.
It highlights Jinnah Sahab's opposition to partition and his preference for a confederation, as well as
the challenges surrounding the centralization of power. The introduction of Pakistan is also
discussed, along with the concerns of union cabinet members and provincial chief ministers about
the proposed lists of powers.

Mahatma Gandhi's influential statement, "The state is best which governs the least," and the
inclusion of village councils in the constitution by Dr. Ambedkar are also emphasized. The episode
reflects on the differences between Ambedkar and Gandhi, particularly in relation to village councils,
and draws parallels to the dispute over the name of the country (Bharat or India), ultimately leading
to a compromise with "Hindustan" becoming "India."

Overall, the episode provides a nuanced exploration of the intricate negotiations and diverse
viewpoints that shaped the federal structure of India's Constitution, underscoring the complexities
and compromises inherent in nation-buildin

Episode-9(Pillars: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial)

In Episode 9 of Samvidhan, the focus is on the three pillars of the Indian Constitution: the Executive,
Legislative, and Judicial branches. The episode begins with Professor KT Shah's letter to Dr. Rajendra
Prasad, discussing the distribution of powers and duties among the state agencies based on
American, British, and French models.

The constitutional committee had to choose between the British cabinet, the Swiss executive, and
the American presidential model. Benegal Narsingh sent questions to members of provincial and
provincial councils to gather input. After extensive deliberations, it was determined that the
presidential system would not work for India, and greater powers should be given to ministries while
preventing the president from being a ceremonial puppet.

The proposal emphasized that the president should not belong to any party and advocated for equal
power sharing among cabinet members. The process of electing the president was settled, with both
houses of parliament and state legislatures involved in the election.
The issue of reservation for minorities and disadvantaged classes in the cabinet was debated,
ultimately resulting in its rejection by a vote of 8 to 7 in subcommittees. The separation of the
legislative, judicial, and executive branches was emphasized, with debates surrounding their
autonomy and structure.

The names and terms of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha were decided, with fixed terms of five and six
years respectively. The establishment of High Courts and the Supreme Court as the protector of the
Constitution was also highlighted.

The episode concludes by emphasizing the equal importance of the relationship and hierarchy
between the judicial and legislative branches. It is noted that the President had the power to select
Supreme Court Justices from a list presented by the Chief Justice, and the Supreme Court was tasked
with conducting judicial reviews to handle civil, criminal, and constitutional disputes.

Overall, the episode provides a comprehensive overview of the deliberations and decisions that
shaped the Executive, Legislative, and Judicial pillars of the Indian Constitution, highlighting the
complexities and debates involved in establishing these fundamental components of governance.

Episode -10 (From the Preamble to the Draft and Beyond)

Episode 10 of Samvidhan delves into the significance of the Preamble of the Indian Constitution,
which serves as an opening statement outlining the aims and objectives of the Indian people. The
episode emphasizes that the Preamble is a legitimate aid in interpreting the provisions of the
Constitution and reflects the long-held aspirations of the Indian populace.

The Preamble is based on the objective resolution presented by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1946 and
approved by the Constituent Assembly in 1947. It was initially drafted by Sh. B. N. Rau and later
revised as part of the Constituent Assembly's deliberations. The episode highlights the Preamble's
role as the soul of the Constitution, encapsulating its essence and purpose.

The drafting committee aimed to include the basic characteristics and goals of the state in the
Preamble, referring to words such as sovereign, democratic, and republic from the objective
resolution. The episode also notes the retention of the spirit and language of the objective resolution
in the Preamble.
Ultimately, the Preamble serves as an introduction to the Constitution, succinctly outlining its
foundational principles and objectives for the benefit of Indian citizens. The episode underscores the
enduring significance of the Preamble in shaping the interpretation and understanding of the
Constitution.

Overall, Episode 10 provides a comprehensive overview of the origins, significance, and