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Example Sheet 02(1)

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26 views

Example Sheet 02(1)

Uploaded by

lucaszhao2000
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH35020 (Viscous Flow1): Example Sheet 2


1.) Planar Couette flow has the 2D field u1 = U x2 /h and u2 = 0, where U is a constant.

a) Sketch the flow field in the region x2 ∈ [0, h].


b) Determine the rate of strain tensor eij , the rate of rotation tensor ωij and the
vorticity vector.
c) Sketch the deformation of a small rectangular fluid element whose edges of
lengths δx1 and δx2 are parallel to the x1 and x2 axes, respectively. [Hint:
Sketch the corners of the fluid element at time t and at time t + δt.] Relate
this to the interpretation of the rate of strain and rate of rotation tensors.

2.) The Planar stagnation-point flow has the 2D flow field u1 = ax1 and u2 = −ax2 ,
where a is a positive constant.

a) Determine the rate of strain tensor eij , the rate of rotation tensor ωij and the
vorticity vector.
b) Determine the streamlines.
c) Sketch the deformation of a small rectangular fluid element in in the first quad-
rant, x1 > 0, x2 > 0, using the interpretation of the rate of strain and rate of
rotation tensors.

3.) Using the continuity and the Navier-Stokes equation for an incompressible flow, derive
a Poisson equation for the pressure field p, that is determine ∇2 p.

4.) a) Starting from Cauchy’s momentum equation with F = g show that

D u2i
 
∂τij
ρ = ρui gi + ui
Dt 2 ∂xj

and interpret the terms of this equation.


b) Show that the total work and the deformation work done by stress forces on
fluid elements per unit time and unit volume are given by ∂(ui τij )/∂xj and
τij ∂ui /∂xj , respectively.
c) For the constitutive equation

τij = −pδij + 2µ eij − 31 (∇ · u)δij




show that the deformation work is given by −p(∇ · u) + ϕ where

ϕ = 2µeij eij − 23 µ(∇ · u)2

d) Verify that ϕ can be written as


2
ϕ = 2µ eij − 31 (∇ · u)δij


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