a Committee consists of:

1. Delegates/ Members:
i. These are the participants.
ii. They are assigned roles within a committee known as ‘portfolios’.
E.g. ‘Delegate of Russia’- ‘Russia’ is the portfolio.
2. The executive board/ the chair:
i. Basically the judges.
ii. Presides over the committee sessions and maintain the order and decorum of the
committee.
iii. Guides the delegates through debates and decision making processes.
iv. Introduces the agenda and opens/closes sessions.
v. Resolves procedural disputes.
vi. Facilitates the debates by recognizing the speakers, managing speaking time and
maintaining the speakers’ list.
vii. Impartial; can’t express their views and opinions.
viii. They may provide feedback and evaluation to delegates (offering insights on their
performance, adherence to the rules of procedure, and contributions to the
committee's work).

The committee sessions: (there are 2 types of committee sessions).

1. Moderated caucus:
i) Formal discussion.
ii) Committee chair facilitates the debate by calling on delegates to speak one by one.
iii) Delegates are given specific amount of time to deliver their speeches on the topic
under discussion/ motion raised.
iv) Moderated caucuses allow for focused and organized debate, enabling delegates to
express their views, present proposals and reply to questions or comments from other
delegates.
v) GSL speeches take place in moderated caucus.
2. Unmoderated caucus:
i) Informal discussion.
ii) Delegates can leave their seats and interact freely.
iii) They can move around the committee room to engage in negotiations, form alliances
and draft resolutions.
iv) Delegates can exchange ideas and sometimes they even decide on the topic to be
raised in the next moderated caucus.

*To proceed with any of the caucuses, a delegate would have to raise a motion, and to get that
motion passed, a majority of delegate votes are required.*
Gsl: general speaker’s list:
i. The chair opens the GSL at the beginning of a committee session or at the start of a
new topic/ motion.
ii. Delegates, who want to speak on the current topic, can raise their placards and get
their names written in the GSL.
iii. GSL speeches have time limits imposed to ensure that all the delegates who are
willing to speak, get an opportunity.
iv. When recognized by the Chair, delegates deliver GSL speeches to express their
country's or delegation's position on the topic, present arguments, propose solutions,
or respond to points raised by other delegates.
v. GSL speeches allow all delegates to participate in the debate and contribute to the
committee's discussions in an orderly and structured manner.
vi. GSL speeches are given in Moderated caucuses.
vii. GSL speeches (other than opening statement) are not mandatory for all delegates.

Opening statement:
i. Opening statements are speeches delivered by delegates or representatives at the
beginning of committee sessions, usually during the introductory phase or the first
session of the conference.
ii. Delegates use opening statements to introduce themselves, their country or delegation,
and their country's stance on the agenda topics.
iii. Opening statements provide an opportunity for delegates to outline their priorities,
interests, and objectives related to the committee's work.
iv. Opening statements may also include brief remarks on the importance of the topics being
discussed and the delegation's commitment to finding solutions to the issues at hand.
v. Opening statements are often delivered before formal debate begins and serve to set the
stage for the committee's discussions and negotiations.
vi. It is a 60-90 seconds long speech on the overall agenda of the committee.

*speeches here in MUNs are not like the ones you deliver in extempore competitions, you can
read your content*

Points:
Points are procedural tools used by delegates to interject, seek recognition, or raise specific
issues during committee sessions.

I. POINT OF INFORMATION:
  After a delegate’s speech, if you have any question regarding their speech,
you can raise your placard in order to get yourself recognized by the chair
(raise it when the chair asks ‘any point of info/POIs) and if the chair
recognizes you, you can ask your question. (try to keep your question short
and relevant, do NOT attack the delegate, just ask simple polite questions.)
 The delegate can either answer your question then and there or reply through
the chit system (basically write his or her answer down on a paper and give it
to the chair before the session ends).
 If the delegate finds the question irrelevant their speech, they can choose not
to answer.
II. POINT OF ORDER:
Used in case or factual inaccuracy in some delegate’s speech. (for example, the
delegate said that ‘Mumbai is the capital of India’ which is factually wrong, so in
that case, after the delegate is done with their speech, you can raise your placard
for ‘Point of Order’.)
III. POINT OF PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY:
If you want to ask something regarding the procedure of the committee or rules,
you can raise your placard, say ‘point of parliamentary inquiry’, and ask the chair
your question.
IV. POINT OF PERSONAL PRIVILEGE:
 Delegates raise a Point of Personal Privilege to address issues related to their
personal comfort, safety, or well-being during the committee session.
 This may include requests for adjustments to room temperature, noise levels, or
accessibility accommodations.

Motion format:
 Moderated Caucus:
"The delegate of [Country/Delegation] moves for a moderated caucus on
[topic/agenda item] for a duration of [time limit, e.g., 10 minutes], individual time
being [time you want to allot to each speaker for their speech; e.g. 60 seconds or
90 seconds’]."
 Unmoderated caucus:
"The delegate of [Country/Delegation] moves for an unmoderated caucus for a
duration of [time limit, e.g., 15 minutes]."