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EXERCISES
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Page 2 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
Exercise 2: Ethics
How should the auditor handle the following situations? Prepare to discuss your
answers in class.
1. The auditee asks the auditor to depersonalize the audit notes so they can use
the notes to create a case study. This case study will be used for internal
purposes only.
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3. A former employee of the auditee contacts the auditor to inform them that the
auditee has several security problems that it is trying to conceal before the audit.
This person proposes to send documented evidence to prove their claims.
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Page 3 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
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Page 4 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
Observation
Documented
information
review
Interview
Technical
verification
Analysis
Page 5 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
Findings:
1. The log-on procedure of the centralized platform provides detailed error
messages, indicating which part of the login data (username or password) is
incorrect, aiding potential unauthorized users in refining their intrusion strategies.
2. The company fails to keep records or monitor who enters and exists secure
areas, making it impossible to track unauthorized access or investigate security
incidents. BankPulse Solutions’ management is aware of the situation, and the
security manager has identified this issue as being a risk to be monitored and
included in the risk analysis report. BankPulse Solutions has no other
documentation of this situation.
3. BankPulse Solutions has two distinct processes for incident management, one
for the head office and one for the back office. In addition, the incident records
are kept in two separate information systems that do not communicate with each
other. In an interview with the person responsible for technical support, it was
stated that, within five years, the company will replace the two systems with an
integrated system for managing information security events.
Page 6 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
NONCONFORMITY REPORT #1
Client: Site:
Audit criteria:
Date:
Comments:
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Page 7 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
NONCONFORMITY REPORT #2
Client: Site:
Audit criteria:
Date:
Comments:
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Page 8 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
NONCONFORMITY REPORT #3
Client: Site:
Audit criteria:
Date:
Comments:
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Page 9 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
Page 10 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
Potential
Scenario Vulnerabilities Threats C I A
consequences
Ian Kovalev and
Katie Harper were
hired by BankPulse
Solutions’ competitor,
EverNet.
The software
delivered to
BankPulse Solutions’
clients in Brazil had
some serious flaws
and made clients
vulnerable to external
attacks.
Julia Robinson, the
website designer,
was ill for one month.
Customer information
(names, addresses,
and credit card
numbers) is kept in a
database that does
not have a proper
encryption or access
control in place.
Page 11 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
Page 12 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
Potential
Scenario Vulnerabilities Threats C I A Controls
consequences
Ian Kovalev and Katie
Harper were hired by
BankPulse Solutions’
competitor, EverNet.
Page 13 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
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Page 14 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
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Page 15 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
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Page 16 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
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Page 17 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
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Page 18 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
AUDIT INFORMATION
Organization: BankPulse Solutions
Address: Montreal, Canada
Client ID: 202204_BS27001
Number of employees within the
scope: 20
Auditee representative: Alan Brown
Standard(s) audited: ISO/IEC 27001:2022
Audit team leader: Chloe Roy
Other audit team member(s): N/A
Audit type: Stage 2 audit
Date(s) of audit: March 6 to March 22, 2023
Audit duration: Four days
Language: English
The scope of the ISMS established by
BankPulse Solutions includes all data
Audit scope:
processing facilities of the organization’s
headquarters in Montreal.
Audit preparation
a. Audit objectives
The objectives of this audit are to:
• Confirm that the ISMS complies with the audit criteria
• Confirm that the ISMS meets applicable statutory, regulatory, and
contractual requirements
• Confirm the effectiveness of the ISMS in meeting its specified objectives
• Identify the information security areas that need potential improvement
b. Audit criteria
The audit criteria are all normative clauses of the ISO/IEC 27001 standard:
• Clause 4: Context of the organization
• Clause 5: Leadership
• Clause 7: Support
• Clause 8: Operation
• Clause 9: Performance evaluation
• Clause 10: Improvement
• Annex A: Excerpt containing applicable controls related to the scope
Page 19 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
AUDIT PLAN
Date: March 6, 2023
Key
Time Auditor Steps
contact
Chloe
8:30 – 8:40 Meet and greet Alan Brown
Roy
Chloe
8:40 – 9:00 Conduct the opening meeting Alan Brown
Roy
Verify conformity to clause 4 Context of the
organization to evaluate if:
• The internal and external issues have been
identified, including those related to climate
change
• The ISMS addresses the needs and
Chloe expectations of interested parties
9:00 – 10:00 Alan Brown
Roy • The relevant requirements of interested
parties have been determined, including
legal, regulatory, and contractual
requirements and those related to climate
change
• The scope has been determined in
accordance with standard requirements
• Verify conformity to clause 5 Leadership by
interviewing the top management to evaluate
their commitment to the ISMS
• Review:
Information security policy
Chloe
10:00 – 11:00 Roles and responsibilities (through Alan Brown
Roy
assessing the organizational structure
and conducting interviews with a group
of employees to assess their awareness
and understanding of their roles and
responsibilities)
• Verify conformity to clause 6 Planning by
reviewing the following:
Chloe Planning of actions to address risks and
11:00 – 12:00 Alan Brown
Roy opportunities
Information security objectives
Planning of changes
Chloe
12:00 – 13:00 Lunch break Alan Brown
Roy
• Verify conformity to clause 7 Support
through:
Chloe
13:00 – 14:00 Reviewing communication plans Alan Brown
Roy
Reviewing employee training records and
interviewing a number of employees
Page 20 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
AUDIT PLAN
Date: March 7, 2023
Key
Time Auditor Steps
contact
• Verify conformity to clause 10 Improvement
by reviewing:
Chloe Nonconformities and corrective actions
8:30 –10:00 Alan Brown
Roy taken or planned
Other evidence of continual
improvement
Verify conformity to Annex A 5 controls:
• 5.1 Policies for information security
• 5.2 Information security roles and
responsibilities
Chloe • 5.3 Segregation of duties
10:00 – 10:45 Alan Brown
Roy • 5.4 Management responsibilities
• 5.5 Contact with authorities
• 5.6 Contact with special interest groups
• 5.8 Information security in project
management
Page 21 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
Chloe
10:45 – 11:00 Short break Alan Brown
Roy
AUDIT PLAN
Date: March 20, 2023
Key
Time Auditor Steps
contact
Verify conformity to Annex A 5 controls:
• 5.9 Inventory of information and other
Chloe associated assets
8:30 – 9:30 Alan Brown
Roy • 5.10 Acceptable use of information and other
associates assets
• 5.11 Return of assets
Chloe
9:30 – 9:45 Short break Alan Brown
Roy
Verify conformity to Annex A 5 controls:
• 5.12 Classification of information
Chloe
9:45 –11:00 • 5.13 Labelling of information Alan Brown
Roy
• 5.14 Information transfer
• 5.15 Access control
Page 22 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
Page 23 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
AUDIT PLAN
Date: March 21, 2023
Key
Time Auditor Steps
contact
• Interview a representative sample of
employees engaged in key processes
related to the ISMS; spend approximately 10
minutes per person
• The interview should focus on:
Chloe Their ISMS roles and responsibilities
8:30 – 9:30 Alan Brown
Roy Processes for identifying the
opportunities for improvement
Management and protection of
passwords
Reporting of security incidents and
events
Verify conformity to Annex A 7 controls:
• 7.10 Storage media
Chloe • 7.11 Supporting utilities
9:30 – 10:30 Alan Brown
Roy • 7.12 Cabling security
• 7.13 Equipment maintenance
• 7.14 Secure disposal or re-use of equipment
Verify conformity to Annex A 8 controls:
• 8.8 Management of technical vulnerabilities
Chloe
10:30 – 12:00 • 8.9 Configuration management Alan Brown
Roy
• 8.10 Information deletion
• 8.13 Information backup
Chloe
12:00 – 13:00 Lunch break Alan Brown
Roy
Verify conformity to Annex A 8 controls:
• 8.14 Redundancy of information processing
facilities
Chloe
13:00 – 14:00 • 8.15 Logging Alan Brown
Roy
• 8.16 Monitoring activities
• 8.17 Clock synchronization
• 8.18 Use of privileged utility programs
Chloe
14:00 – 14:30 Have the closing meeting Alan Brown
Roy
Verify conformity to Annex A 8 controls:
• 8.19 Installation of software on operational
Chloe
14:30 – 15:30 systems Alan Brown
Roy
• 8.20 Networks security
• 8.21 Security of network services
Chloe
15:30 – 15:45 Short break Alan Brown
Roy
Page 24 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
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Page 25 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
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Page 26 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
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Page 27 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
Define the target population, the sample, and the sample size. In addition, choose
the sampling method and justify your decision. Briefly explain how you would
conduct the sampling process.
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Page 28 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
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Page 29 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
1. In the IT department, the same individual who has the authority to approve
system changes also has unrestricted access to implement those changes. This
lack of segregation of duties could lead to unauthorized or erroneous
modifications to critical systems.
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Page 30 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
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3. The HR Department did not consistently verify applicants’ CVs and business
references due to a lack of awareness of the procedure.
Root cause: Inadequate and inconsistent training and communication within the HR
Department.
Corrective action: Inform (time frame: immediately) the HR team about the critical
importance and scope of background verification checks procedure for all potential
candidates prior to employment, emphasizing their legal, regulatory, and ethical
significance in accordance with company policies, train them (time frame: within
three months), and require that each member of the team follows the procedure
strictly.
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Root cause: The employee, knowing the internal regulations of the organization,
has violated the rules.
Corrective action: Fire the employee based on internal rules and policies (time
frame: immediately).
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Page 31 of 32
Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor |
PECB Group Inc., ©2024
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Root cause: The current process for categorizing the latest information security
events as information security incidents is ineffective.
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Page 32 of 32