Trust me …

it really does
‘matter’!

Gr 6 - Matter

Created with resources from various contributors including ARPDC, FSD, BGRD and more
Slidesgo template
 Learning Goal
We are going to be
investigating how
particles of matter
behave when they are
heated or cooled,
and how this affects solids,
liquids and gases.
What is the Particle Model?
Everything around us is
made of tiny things called
particles.
We can’t see them with
our eyes, but we can use
science to learn about
them.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=npv74D2MO6Q
 What is the Particle Model?
The particle model of
matter helps us
understand how
things behave and why
they have different
properties. It is a way
of thinking about
matter that scientists
use to explain things
that we can’t see.
What is the Particle Model?
Particles are always moving, but they move differently
depending on what they are.
There are four main
types of things that
particles can make:
● solids,
● liquids,
● gases,
● plasmas
 What is the Particle Model?
There are technically 4 main states of matter, but for our
studies, we will mainly focus on the first three
 Solids
Solids are things that have a
fixed shape and size, like a rock
or a pencil.
The particles in solids are very
close together and don’t move
much.
They just vibrate in their places.
They are like a bunch of marbles
packed in a box.
Solids

Click on the link to

see the particle
simulation
 Liquids
Liquids are things that can
change their shape, but not their
size, like water or juice.
The particles in liquids are a bit
farther apart and can slide past
each other.
They are like a bunch of marbles
in a bag.
Liquids

Click on the link to

see the particle
simulation
 Gases
Gases are things that can
change their shape and size, like
air or steam.
The particles in gases are very
far apart and move very fast.
They are like a bunch of marbles
flying around in a room.
Gases

Click on the links to see

the particle simulation
Solids, Liquids & Gases
Click on the link to
see the particle
simulation
 What is the Particle Model?
Plasmas are things that are like
gases, but they have electric
charges, like lightning or the sun.
The particles in plasmas are very far
apart and move very fast, but they
also lose or gain electrons. They are
like a bunch of marbles flying
around in a room with sparks.
 What is the Particle Model?
Sometimes, particles can change from one type of thing to
another. This happens when we heat them up or cool them
down.
Transitions between states of
matter
 Water Changing State
For example,
● When we heat up ice, it melts into water.
● When we heat up water, it boils into steam.
● When we cool down steam, it condenses into water.
● When we cool down water, it freezes into ice.
These changes are called changes of state.
Particle Theory Refresher
Watch this video the
help to refresh your
memory about the
difference between the
States of Matter in
terms of the
Particle Theory.
Remember the Particle Theory?
As you can see in the
diagram, five different
state changes can occur
between solids, liquids,
and gases.

● Melting - When a solid

turns into a liquid
● Boiling - When a liquid
becomes a gas
● Condensing - When a
gas turns into a liquid
Strong attractive force Weak attractive force ● Freezing - When a
between particles between particles liquid turns into a solid
● Subliming - When a
In solids, the In liquids, the In gases, particles
particles are close particles are are separated by
solid turns directly into
together and vibrate separated by spaces large spaces and are a gas, without
in place and can slide past constantly moving in becoming a liquid.
each other all directions.
 The States of Matter and Phase
Click here and Changes
watch this video
to learn about
phase changes ,
when matter
changes from one
phase to another.
 Phase Changes
Click here and
watch this video
to learn about
phase changes ,
when matter
changes from one
phase to another.
 Particle Movement During Phase
Changes
Click here and watch
and listen closely to
hear about the what
is happening to the
particles of matter
during phase
changes ,
 Phase Change & Temperature of
Water Simulation
Click here and watch this
cool video to watch a
simulation showing phase
changes in relation to
temperature and particle
activity for water.

As we add more heat , the

molecules / particles move

More Less
quickly

RemoveMore
to See Answer
 Phase Change & Temperature of
Water Simulation
Click here and watch
this cool video to
watch a simulation
showing phase
changes in relation to
temperature and
particle activity for
water.
The Particle Model & Phase Changes
The particle model of matter states that heating cases particles to
move faster .

As the particles
move faster ,
the attractive
forces between
them weaken
and the space
between them
increases
 What Changes During a Phase
Watch this video Change?
and note the
changes that
happen during a
Phase Change.

Does volume change?

Yes No

Does mass change?

Yes No

Volume
Remove- Yes,
to See
Mass
Answer
- No
The Particle Model & Phase Changes
Increase Heat Decrease Heat

Particles in the Faster Slower

matter move
Attractive forces
between particles Decrease Increase

Space between
Increase Decrease
particles
The Particle Model & Phase Changes
Click below and watch this video
to learn about phase changes ,
when we add or remove heat to
a form of matter.
Move the stars to show which
processes involve adding heat
and which involve removing
heat
The Particle Model & Phase Changes
Click below and watch
this video to learn about
phase changes , when
we add or remove heat
to a form of matter.

Remove to see answers

Phase Change & Temperature of
Interactive Gizmo Simulation
 Phase of Water
Interactive Gizmo Simulation
Skating On a Once-In-A-Decade
'Ice Window' in Alaska
Click on the link
and watch this cool
video about an “Ice
Window ” that
forms in very
specific conditions.
What conditions
made it possible
for this Ice Window
to form?
Using the Expansion or
Contraction of Matter to
Measure Temperature
 Thermometers ‘Matter’
Watch this clip to learn
about how we measure
temperature through
the expansion or
contraction of matter.
Thermometers ‘Matter’
A liquid thermometer uses
the expansion or
contraction of matter to
measure temperature using
a scale.
Scientists use the Celsius
scale to measure
temperature in degrees
Celsius 0c
Thermometers - The Celsius Scale
The Celsius Scale is based on the
changes of state of water, and
defines:
0 0c as the melting/freezing
point
of water

100 0c as the boiling point of

water
Thermometers - The Celsius Scale

0ºC 22ºC 100ºC

Water begins to freeze Room temperature Water starts boiling
 Thermometer Timeline

-20º C 0º C 22º C 40º C

It’s very cold Water begins It’s room High fever
temperature to freeze temperature temperature
Let’s Apply What We Know
Design Challenge
What Do You Think?
 Additional Matter Resources
Resource about Matter
 Going Deeper
Watch this video to learn about
how hot air balloons work.
Explain how a hot air balloon
works using your
understanding of temperature
and the particle model of
matter especially in terms of
the movement of the particles
in response to temperature.
Include diagrams, text, and the
concepts below in your
explanation.

gas heating cooling volume density

speed movement distance particle temperature

 Going Deeper #2
Investigation - Relationship
Between Phase Change & Mass
Using Melting Wax

What is the relationship between a phase

change and mass?
In other words, does a phase change of
material cause a change in mass of the
material?
Is the weight of wax the same when it is in
a liquid state as when it is a solid state?
Will the weight of wax stay the same
when it undergoes a phase change from a
solid to a liquid state when it melts and
then back to a solid state when it
solidifies.
 Going Deeper #3
Investigation or Discussion -
Particle Model of Matter in
Cooking

In the format of a project or a

class discussion, let’s explore
how cooking can be used to
model the connection
between phase, temperature,
and the Particle Model of
Matter.