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7 views

U real 1

document

Uploaded by

mrwajeeh110
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Name:Uswah Siddique Reg:2700FBAS/BSMA/F22 Section:D

Question: 03
Show directly from the definition that the following are not Cauchy
sequences.
(b) ( n+
(−1 )n
n )
Solution:
A sequence ( x n )n is Cauchy iff ∀ ε , ∃k ∈ N m , n ≥ k ⇒ |x n−x m|< ε in these proofs, we
always want to perform steps and then in the end chooseε that fits, thus perform
steps

( n+
(−1 )n
n )
=(x ¿ ¿ n+1−x n)¿

∴ m=n+1
(−1 )n +1 (−1 )n
(x ¿ ¿ n+1−x n )=n+ 1+ −n− ¿
n+1 n

(−1 )n+1 (−1 )n


¿ 1+ −
n+1 n

(−1 )n+1 (−1 )n +1


¿ 1+ +
n+1 n

¿ 1+ (−1 )n+ 1 [ 1/(n+1)+1/n ] > 1

x 2 m+2−x m =1+ (−1 )


2 m+2
[ 1/(2 m+ 2)+1/2 m ] >1
⇒|x n +1−x n|>1∧| x2 m +2−x 2 m|>1

1
Thus if we choose ε = 2 we get a contradiction by definition thus,

(n+
(−1 )n
n )
Is not a Cauchy sequence.

(c) ( ln (n))
A sequence ( x n )n is Cauchy iff ∀ ε , ∃k ∈ N m , n ≥ k ⇒ |x n−x m|< ε in these proofs, we
always want to perform steps and then in the end chooseε that fits, thus perform
steps
We know that ln (m)−ln ( n )=ln n (m)
⇒ ln (2 n )−ln ( n ) =ln ( 2nn )=ln 2>0 ⇒|ln (2 n )−ln ( n)|> 0
ln ( 2 n )
Thus if we choose ε = >0 m=2 n
2
Name:Uswah Siddique Reg:2700FBAS/BSMA/F22 Section:D
( ln (n) ) is not a Cauchy sequence.

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