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Heredity

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7 views

Heredity

Uploaded by

ashok.anubhav2001
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ITL PUBLIC SCHOOL

CHAPTER 9-HEREDITY & EVOLUTION

CLASS X BIOLOGY

Very short answer type questions(1mk)


1. Define genetics. Name two human traits which show variations.

2. Name the unit of inheritance. What is its function?

4. State the law of segregation.

5. How many pairs of chromosomes are present in human beings? Out of these how many are
sex Chromosomes?

6. Who is regarded as the ‘Father of Genetics’? Name the plant on which he performed his
experiments. Why did he select that specific plant for his experimental studies?

7. How are inherited traits different from acquired traits? Give example.

8. What is meant by DNA copying? Mention its importance in reproduction?

9. Trace the F1 generation formed by crossing two plants with separate traits for shape and
seed colour- round green (RRyy) and wrinkled yellow(rrYY). Mention the characteristic
exhibited by it.

10. A tall red seeded Plant (TTRR) is crossed to a short white seeded plant (ttrr). Find out
phenotypes and genotypes of F1 and F2 generation with a cross.

11. (a) Explain how is sex determination controlled by environmental factors in some
animals?

(b) Sex is genetically determined in human beings. Justify this statement.

. 12. In a cross between plants with purple flowers & plants with white flowers the
offspring’s of F1 generation all had purple flowers. When the F1 generation was self-crossed,
it was observed in the F2 generation that out of 100, 75 flowers were purple. Make a cross
and answer the following: -

(a) What are the genotypes of the F1 progeny?


(b) What is the ratio of Purple: White flowers in the F2 generation?

13. A pea plant with tall plant and violet flowers (TtVV) were crossed to short plant with
white flowers (ttvv). Find out the phenotypes and genotypes of offspring obtained as a result
of this cross.

14. a) How is the equal genetic contribution of male and female parents ensured in the
progeny?

b) “Only variations that confer advantage to an individual organism will survive in a


population.” Do you agree with this statement? Why or why not?

Case based questions

15. A blue colour flower plant denoted by BB is cross bred with that of white colour flower
plant denoted by bb.

(a) State the colour of flower you would expect in their F1 generation plants.

(b) What must be the percentage of white flower plants in F2 generation if flowers of F1
plants are self-pollinated?

(c) State the expected ratio of the genotypes BB and Bb in the F2 progeny.

16. If we cross pure-bred tall (dominant) pea plant with pure-bred dwarf (recessive) pea plant
we will get pea plants of F1 generation. If we now self-cross the pea plant of F2 generation,
then we obtain pea plants of F2 generation.

(a) What do the plants of F2 generation look like?

(b) State the ratio of tall plants to dwarf plants in F2 generation.

(c) State the type of plants not found in F2 generation but appeared in F2 generation,
mentioning the reason for the same.

17. Genetic information which has to be carried on to next generation is packed in the
nucleus of the cell. It contains the genetic material of the cell in the form of chromosomes. A
chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells. Genes are small
points on the chromosome responsible for one character of an individual. Genes on
chromosomes help in the inheritance or transfer of characteristics from the parents to the
offspring. DNA is the nucleic acid which stores and transfers genetic information necessary
for the development of new cells or organisms. Traits are expressed in the form of proteins.
Traits exhibited can be represented by genotype and phenotype of an individual.

a) What is the composition of genetic material?

b) Name two alternate forms of genes present on homologous chromosomes.

c) How do traits get expressed?


d) What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

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