1.

Alignment Only
Purpose: This mode is used to align antennas for optimal signal strength and
quality.

When to Use: It’s typically used during the setup of a wireless link where you need
to align your antennas to point at the other device (especially in point-to-point
links).
How It Works: In this mode, the device doesn’t actually transmit data; it only
receives signals to help you physically align the antenna before setting it to
another mode.
2. AP Bridge
Purpose: This mode is used to configure the device as a regular wireless access
point (AP), but also enables bridging between wireless and wired networks.

When to Use: Use this when you need the MikroTik device to act as a central access
point that allows wireless devices to connect, while also forwarding the traffic
between the wireless and wired networks.
How It Works: It operates as a regular AP, but also bridges the traffic from
clients over wireless to the wired LAN. It enables both wireless clients and wired
clients to share the same network seamlessly.
3. Bridge
Purpose: This mode allows you to bridge the wireless and wired interfaces. In other
words, it allows wireless clients to communicate with wired clients on the same
network.

When to Use: Use this mode if you need to connect two physical networks (wireless
and wired) and allow devices on both sides to communicate as if they are on the
same network.
How It Works: The device forwards traffic between the wireless and Ethernet
interfaces, acting as a transparent bridge. Devices connected to either interface
are essentially on the same network.
4. Nstreme Dual Slave
Purpose: Nstreme Dual is a MikroTik-specific technology designed for improving
wireless links by using two wireless interfaces for communication, increasing
bandwidth and reliability.

When to Use: Use this when you need to establish a high-performance point-to-point
or point-to-multipoint link and want to use two wireless interfaces for redundancy
and increased throughput.
How It Works: This mode uses two wireless interfaces (slaves) to communicate with a
single access point or central device. It increases throughput by using multiple
radios (slaves) for sending/receiving data over the same connection.
5. Station Bridge
Purpose: This mode is used to create a wireless bridge where the device connects to
a wireless network (as a client) and also forwards traffic to the wired network.

When to Use: Use this mode when you want to connect your device to an existing AP
(as a client) and bridge the connection to a local wired network.
How It Works: The device will act as a wireless client to an access point, but it
also bridges the wireless connection to its Ethernet port(s), allowing wired
devices to communicate over the same wireless connection.
6. Station Pseudobridge
Purpose: In this mode, the device connects to a wireless network as a client, but
it also provides the ability to bridge multiple devices (even those that do not
support wireless bridging) over that single wireless link.

When to Use: Use this mode when you need to connect several wired devices to a
remote wireless network through one wireless client device.
How It Works: The device acts as a station (client) to connect to a wireless
network and then allows multiple wired devices to share that connection, creating a
bridge between multiple devices and the wireless network.
7. Station Pseudobridge Clone
Purpose: Similar to Station Pseudobridge, but this mode is used to clone the MAC
address of a specific device on the remote network.

When to Use: Use this when you need to connect a device that requires a specific
MAC address for the network (e.g., certain access control systems or network setups
where MAC addresses are tightly controlled).
How It Works: This mode behaves like Station Pseudobridge, but it allows you to
"clone" or use a specific MAC address when communicating with the remote network.
8. Station WDS
Purpose: Station WDS (Wireless Distribution System) mode is used for wireless
bridging between multiple access points, allowing devices in different wireless
networks to communicate with each other.

When to Use: Use this mode when you want to connect your MikroTik device to an
existing WDS network and have it forward traffic to other devices (either wired or
wireless).
How It Works: It allows your MikroTik device to connect to a WDS-enabled access
point and forwards traffic between devices, acting as both a client and access
point in a mesh or extended network setup.
9. WDS Slave
Purpose: The WDS Slave mode is used when you want your MikroTik device to act as a
wireless client (connected to a WDS-enabled AP) and forward the data to other
devices on the same network.

When to Use: Use this mode when your MikroTik device needs to connect to an
existing WDS network as a client and extend that network to additional devices
(both wired and wireless).
How It Works: It connects to a WDS-enabled AP and forwards traffic between the AP
and other devices, functioning like a "slave" that extends the WDS network.
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bands:
1. 5GHz-A
Description: Operates on the 5 GHz frequency using the 802.11a standard.
Features:
Maximum theoretical speed: 54 Mbps.
Limited to devices that support 802.11a.
Uses OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) for better signal handling.
Use Case: Suitable for legacy devices or point-to-point links requiring basic 5 GHz
communication.
2. 5GHz-only-N
Description: Operates on the 5 GHz frequency using the 802.11n standard only.
Features:
Maximum theoretical speed: 600 Mbps (with multiple MIMO streams and wide channels).
Does not support older 802.11a clients.
Supports features like MIMO, channel bonding (20/40 MHz), and higher data rates.
Use Case: Best for high-speed wireless links with devices that support only
802.11n.
3. 5GHz-A/N
Description: Operates on the 5 GHz frequency and supports both 802.11a and 802.11n
standards.
Features:
Backward compatibility with 802.11a and support for newer 802.11n features.
Can dynamically accommodate legacy and modern devices.
Maximum speed depends on the connected device's standard (54 Mbps for 802.11a, up
to 600 Mbps for 802.11n).
Use Case: Ideal for mixed environments with legacy 802.11a and newer 802.11n
devices.
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channel width:
Channel bonding combines two adjacent 20 MHz channels to create a 40 MHz channel,
doubling potential throughput. The notation (eC, Ce, XX) describes how these
channels are combined:

eC:

e: Extension channel is below the primary control channel.

C: Control channel is the primary one.
Ce:

C: Control channel is the primary one.

e: Extension channel is above the primary control channel.
XX:

Indicates dynamic channel selection.

The device determines whether to use the extension channel below or above based on
interference and spectrum availability.
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