Types Of Chemical Reactions Lab

Partners:

Sam Taju Ninan, Kayden DeJesus, Jerico Favila, Talia Chin

Purpose:

This lab's purpose is to find the different types of chemical reactions when

certain substances interact with each other, and how to differentiate them using

visible evidence or knowledge.

Hypothesis:

Reaction 1: It is hypothesized when a strip of solid magnesium (Mg)

interacts with oxygen (O₂), a synthesis reaction will occur, where two reactants will

form one product. The product for this reaction would be solid magnesium oxide

(MgO). This is speculated since when a metal reacts with oxygen, it will create a

metal oxide through a synthesis reaction.

Reaction 2: It is hypothesized when solid manganese (IV) oxide (MnO₂) is

used with aqueous hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), a decomposition reaction will occur,

where one reactant would decompose into two products. This would form the

products liquid water (H₂O) and oxygen gas (O₂). This is speculated since the

Manganese acts as a catalyst that speeds up the process of decomposition, and

hydrogen peroxide is a weak compound that will break down easily.

 Reaction 3: It is hypothesized when distilled liquid water (H₂O) reacts with

solid copper (II) sulfate (CuSO4), no chemical reaction would happen. Copper (II)

Sulfate will turn into an aqueous solution. When a small ball of steel wool (Fe) is

added to the aqueous copper (II) sulfate (CuSO4) solution, it is hypothesized that a

single displacement reaction will occur, where iron (Fe) will displace copper (Cu)

from Copper (II) Sulfate (CuSO4). The products aqueous iron (II) sulfate (FeSO4) and

solid copper (Cu) will form. This is due to the metal reactivity series, where iron is

more reactive than copper.

Reaction 4: It is hypothesized when aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO₃) reacts with

aqueous potassium iodide (KI), a double displacement reaction will occur, where the

cations and the anions of the two compounds will exchange. The formation of the

products solid silver iodide (AgI), and aqueous potassium nitrate (KNO₃) will occur.

This is due to the reactants being both ionic compounds, and the solubility chart

predicts that the silver iodide (AgI) will be a precipitate.

Reaction 5: It is hypothesized when distilled water (H₂O) reacts with solid

magnesium oxide (MgO), a synthesis reaction occurs, where two reactants form to

make one product. The product for this reaction would be solid magnesium hydroxide

(Mg(OH)₂). This is speculated since when water reacts with a metal oxide, a base will

be formed through a synthesis reaction.

 Reaction 6: It is hypothesized when distilled water (H₂O) interacts with carbon

dioxide gas (CO₂), a synthesis reaction will occur, where two reactants will form one

product. The product formed in this reaction will be aqueous carbonic acid (H₂CO₃).

This is speculated since when water reacts with a non-metal oxide, an acid will be

formed through a synthesis reaction.

Procedures

Reaction 1: A strip of magnesium ribbon (Mg) was held with a tong over a lit

Bunsen burner. Observations were recorded.

Reaction 2: A small amount of manganese (IV) (Mn) was added to a test tube

filled with 2cm of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Immediately, a rubber stopper was

placed on top of the test tube for 30 seconds. A glowing splint was then put inside of

the test tube. Observations were recorded.

Reaction 3: A test tube was filled with 3cm of distilled water (H₂O). A small

amount of copper (II) sulfate (CuSO4) was added to the test tube. A small steel wool

ball (Fe) was added to the solution in the test tube. Observations were recorded.

Reaction 4: A test tube was filled with 2cm of silver nitrate (AgNO₃). 2cm of

potassium iodide (KI) solution was added to another test tube, and then mixed.

Observations were recorded.

 Reaction 5: One third of a test tube was filled with distilled water (H₂O), and a

small amount of magnesium oxide was added to the test tube. A drop of

phenolphthalein indicator was added to the solution. Observations were recorded.

Reaction 6: Half of a 100ml flask was filled with distilled water (H₂O). A straw was

used to blow carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the distilled water (H₂O). A few drops of

universal indicator were added to the solution. Observations were recorded.

Observations:

Reaction Reactants Physical Observations Results from

Properties testing
1 Mg(s) + O₂(g) Mg - solid, The ribbon N/A
Lustre turns to a
O₂(g) - clear white powdery
gas solid.
2 H₂O₂(aq) + H₂O₂(aq) - The reaction Glowing splint
MnO₂(s) clear aqueous made a black, made a
solution bubbly popping sound
MnO₂(s) - solution gas. in the test tube
solid black
powder
3 H₂O(l) + H₂O(l) - clear The mixture of N/A
CuSO4 (s) + liquid CuSO4(s) with
Fe(s) Fe(s) - solid, H₂O(l) made a
Lustre clear blue
CuSO4 (s) - solution. The
solid blue steel wool (Fe)
power, turned orange
crystalline. and rusted in
the solution
4 AgNO₃(aq) + AgNO₃(aq) - The new N/A
KI (aq) clear solution solution turned
KI (aq) - clear opaque and
solution yellowish
white.
 5 H₂O(l) + H₂O(l) - clear H₂O(l) and When the
MgO(s) liquid MgO(s) made phenolphthalei
MgO(s) - solid a white n indicator was
white powder solution. added to the
solution, it
turned dark
pink.
6 H₂O(l) + H₂O(l) - clear CO₂(g) Universal
CO₂(g) liquid bubbled in indicator
CO₂(g) - H₂O(l) when turned solution
clear/invisible added orange
gas indicating that
the solution
was an acid.

Discussion:

Reaction 1: The reaction between solid magnesium (Mg) and oxygen gas (O₂)

was a synthesis reaction. The reason for this reaction is when a metal and a non-

metal react together to combine into a compound. The product of this reaction is

Magnesium Oxide (MgO).

Reaction 2: The reaction between solid manganese (IV) oxide (MnO₂) and

aqueous hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was a decomposition reaction. The reason for this

reaction is solid manganese (IV) oxide is not a part of the reaction but is a catalyst.

This would leave aqueous hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) to decompose since it is the

only compound on the reactants side. The products are of this reaction are liquid water

(H₂O) and oxygen gas (O₂).

 Reaction 3: The reaction between aqueous copper (II) sulfate (CuSO4) and

solid steel wool (Fe) was a single displacement reaction. The reason for this reaction

is due to the metal reactivity series, where iron (Fe) is more reactive than copper (Cu).

The products of this reaction are aqueous Iron (II) Sulfate (FeSO4) and solid Copper

(Cu)

Reaction 4: The reaction between aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO₃) with aqueous

potassium iodide (KI) was a double displacement reaction. The reason for this

reaction is the two reactants are ionic compounds, which are needed for double

displacements so that the cations and anions can swap. The products of this reaction

are Silver Iodide (AgI) which is a precipitate, and aqueous Potassium Nitrate (KNO₃).

Reaction 5: The reaction between distilled water (H₂O) with magnesium oxide

(MgO) was a synthesis reaction. The reason for this reaction is when a metal oxide

reacting with water, a base will form through a synthesis reaction, which is aqueous

Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂)

Reaction 6: The reaction between liquid water (H₂O) with carbon dioxide gas

(CO₂) was a synthesis reaction. The reason for this reaction is when a non-metal

reaction with water, an acid will form through a synthesis reaction.

Reaction 1:
Word: Magnesium + Oxygen → Magnesium Oxide
Balanced: 2Mg(s) + O₂(g) → 2MgO₂(s)
Reaction 2:
Word: Hydrogen Peroxide → Water + Oxygen
Balanced: 2H₂O₂(aq) → 2H₂O(l) + O₂(g)
Reaction 3:
Word: Copper (II) Sulfate + Iron → Iron (II) Sulfate + Copper
Balanced: CuSO4(s) + Fe(s) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
Reaction 4:
Word: Silver Nitrate + Potassium Iodide → Silver Iodide + Potassium Nitrate
Balanced: AgNO₃(aq) + KI(aq) → AgI(s) + KNO₃(aq)
Reaction 5:
Word: Magnesium Oxide + Water → Magnesium Hydroxide
Balanced: MgO(s) + H₂O(l) → Mg(OH)₂(aq)
Reaction 6:
Word: Carbon Dioxide + Water → Carbonic Acid
Balanced: CO₂(g) + H₂O(l) → H₂CO₃(aq)