The Basic Concepts

and Four Thematic

Areas of the
Philippine Disaster
Management
System
MODULE 2- LESSON 2
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the discussion, the students will be able to:
• Learn and understand the daily applications of the
terminologies and definitions used in the study of DRRM;
• Name the key concepts, principles and four thematic areas of
DRRM;
• Understand the areas wherein the Philippine DRRM
operates and how these responsibilities are cascaded to
cities; and
• Study the flow of operations in preparing for disasters.
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM
CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 SHARE YOUR EXPERIENCE
Have you experienced being in a storm
which resulted to flashflood? What did
you feel? What damages did you
experience or observe in the affected
areas?

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 01

Basic
Disaster
Concepts
MODULE 2:LESSON 1- PART 1
 Basic Disaster Concepts
• Disaster
• Hazard
• Vulnerability
• Exposure
• Capacity
• Disaster Risk
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM
CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Disaster
Serious disruption of the functioning of a
community or a society
Human Losses
own
g
usin
cope Material Losses
it y to es
l
bi sourc
s a
eed re Economic Losses
Exc
Environmental Losses

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Effects of Disaster
Effects to Humans Effects to Environment
✔Loss of lives ✔ Loss of Animal and Plant Life
✔ Erosion of beaches
✔Injury
✔ Changes in the land elevation
✔Loss of Home and property
✔ Water shortage
✔Health Risks ✔ Roadblocks in hilly areas
✔Food Scarcity ✔ Soil and water pollution
✔ Destruction of facilities and
✔Emotional Aftershocks
services
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM
CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Hazard
Dangerous phenomenon, substance,
human activity or condition

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 How do we differentiate
disasters from hazards?

DIS
ARD AS T
HAZ
ER

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Type of Hazards
Natural Hazards Man-made Hazards
✔ Typhoons ✔ Fires
✔ Floods ✔ Accidents
✔ Storm Surges ✔ Aircraft crash
✔ Earthquakes ✔ Pollution
✔ Tsunamis ✔ Civil disturbance
✔ Volcanic eruptions ✔ Terrorist attacks
✔ Landslides ✔ Explosions
✔ Drought ✔ Armed conflict
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM
CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Natural Hazards
Natural Hazards are generally labeled as one
of four types:

1. Geophysical Hazards
2. Hydrometeorological Hazards
3. Chronic Hazards
4. Biological Hazards

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Natural Hazards
1. Geophysical Hazards
A geologic hazard is an extreme natural event in
the crust of the earth that pose a threat to life
and property.

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Natural Hazards
2. Hydrometeorological Hazards
These are natural processes or phenomena of
atmospheric, hydrological or oceanographic
nature.

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Natural Hazards
3. Chronic Hazards
These are long term hazards and are persistent.
Examples include global warming, El niño, and La
niña

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Natural Hazards
4. Biological Hazards
This involves exposure to pathogenic micro-
organisms, toxins and bioactive substances.

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Man-made Hazards
Human-induced hazards may be categorized
into:

1. Technological Hazards
2. Armed Conflict
3. Everyday Hazards

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Man-made Hazards
1. Technological Hazards
These are damaging human-induced events
originating from technological or industrial
accidents, dangerous procedures, or
infrastructure failures.

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Man-made Hazards
2. Armed Conflict
There are dangerous conflicts between or
among armed groups, tribes or states, causing
widespread fear and destruction

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Man-made Hazards
3. Everyday Hazards
dangers particularly to children such as access
to items in the home that are labeled as
hazardous, open electrical outlets, small toys
that may cause choking in small children, and
others.

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Vulnerability
Characteristics and circumstances of a community,
system, or asset that make it susceptible to the
damaging effects of a hazard.

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Vulnerability Examples

Attitude of
Conflicts in the Unsafe housing
helplessness
community design and
dependence and
construction
indifference

Lack of
education
Lack of
knowledge and Lack of
skills on settlements
preparedness and Social inequity planning and
protective and poverty policy
measures

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Capacity
Combination of all the strengths, attributes and
resources available within a community, society or
organization

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Capacity Examples

Permanent Ownership of Responsive local

housing land government

Family and
community
support

Adequate food
Strong community
and income
Local knowledge organizations
sources
and skills

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 BRGY. MASIGASIG BRGY. MALIGALIG

- Has a DRRM plan - No DRRM plan

- With training - No training
- Conducts regular drills - Complacent attitude
- Retrofitted structures - Poorly designed structures

WHICH BARANGAY IS MORE LIKELY

TO EXPERIENCE DISASTER?
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM
CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Exposure
The degree to which a community is likely to
experience hazard events of different magnitude

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM
CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Disaster Risk
Potential disaster losses in lives, health status,
livelihood, assets and services

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Elements at Risk

❖ People
❖ Facilities and services
❖ Livelihood
❖ Environment

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM
CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management
Use directives, skills and
capacities

Implement strategies
and policies

Lessen impacts and

possibility of disaster

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 LET’S HAVE AN EXERCISE!

Disaster Prone or Not

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Instructions
1. Two (2) photos labeled as “A” and “B”
will be flashed on screen.

1. Choose which photo depicts a disaster

prone community and explain why.

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 A B

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 A B

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 A B

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 A B

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 Important points
• There is no such thing as “natural disaster”

• A disaster occurs when there is a Hazard,

Vulnerability and Exposure.

• We aim to reduce Risk by increasing our

Capacities.

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 ASSIGNMENT:
Advance reading on the next part of our lesson about
Basic Climate Change Concepts and Four Thematic
Areas.

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE
 THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING! ☺

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE