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Science 6

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Science 6

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Nervous System Nervous System (Brain)

The brain is a complex organ located


 Considered as an information 

inside the skull.


system  Responsible for controlling thougths,
 Complex network of organs and memory, emotion, and temperature.
nerves  Interprets information coming from
 React to stimulus in the various senses
environment  Most complex part of the nervous
system.
 Serves as an alert system that  It is made up of 60% fat, and the
helps the body make the remaining 40% is combination of
necessary reactions. water, protein, carbohydrate, and
 Various senses help your nervous salt.
system assess the environment  Two different regions - the gray
matter and the white matter.
very quickly.  The gray matter - refers to the darker,
 It is composed of various parts - outer portion of the brain.
the nerves, the spinal cord,  White matter - is the inner lighter
and the brain. colored section underneath.
True or False Identify the following

__________1. Nervous system is __________1. It is the inner lighter


considered as an information colored section underneath.
system
__________2. It is not a complex __________2. refers to the darker, outer
network of organs and nerves portion of the brain.
__________3. It react to stimulus in
__________3. How many percent of fats
the environment
does the brain have?
__________4. Serves as an alert
system that helps the body make __________4. How many percent of
the necessary reactions. combination of water, protein,
__________5. Only choosen senses carbohydrate, and salt.
help your nervous system assess
the environment very quickly.
__________6. It is composed of 5-8. What are the things your brain is
various parts - the nerves,and the responsible to do?
spinal cord
Nervous System (Brain)
Brain Stem
Identify which section is responsible for
 Structure that connects the cerebrum the following.
of the brain to the spinal cord and
cerebellum. A. Midbrain
 Three sections of brain stem --- B. Pons
midbrain, pons, and medulla. C. Medulla
 Midbrain - located between cerebellum
and cerebrum (controls reflexes relating __________1. Controls reflexes
to seeing and hearing)
 Pons - a bulge in the brain just above the
__________2. Serves as bridge to the
medula, serves as bridge between the left left and right
and right hemispheres. (serves the same hemisphere
purpose between the medulla and __________3. Seeing reflexes
cerebrum. __________4. Hearing reflexes
 Medulla (Medulla Oblongata) - located __________5. Controls respiration
at the base of the brain, it also connect __________6. Keeping the person
the rest of the brain to the spinal cord conscious
(responsible in keeping the person
conscious) controls respiration and
__________7. Contraction and expansion
contraction and expansion of blood of blood vessels
vessels, helps regulate heart beat.) __________8. Helps regulates heart beat
Nervous System (Brain) Nervous System (Brain)
Cerebellum Cerebrum
 Latin name “little brain”
 Located at the back of the skull  Largest part of the brain.
 Responsible for muscle control,  Divided into two halves - left and
balance, and movement. right hemispheres
 Language processing and memory  Each hemispheres controls
opposite side of your body.
 Four lobes - frontal, parietal,
temporal, and occipital lobes
 Frontal Lobe - located on upper
front part of the cerebrum. --
personality, characteristics, problem
solving, decision making, and
movement. (smell, speech ability)
Label the parts of the brain. Nervous System (Brain)
Choices:
A. Frontal Lobe Cerebrum
B. Parietal Lobe  Parietal lobe - located in the upper
C. Temporal Lobe
D. Occipital Lobe middle part of th brain, helps a person
E. Cerebellum identify objects be aware of his/her
F. Pons
G. Spinal Cord surroundings, interpret touch and taste.
 Occipital Lobe - located at the back part
of the brain, involved in sight --
understanding of color, form, and motion.
 Temporal lobe - located near a person’s
temples, processes pain and sense of
hearing.
Spinal Cord
 Body’s highway in transporting nerve
impulses.
 Three primary roles -- a) motor
commands from the brain to the body b)
send sensory infromation from the body to
the brain c) to coordinate reflexes
Nervous System (Nerves)

Label the parts of the nerves.  Body’s cable where electricity flows

Nerve Cells
A. AXON
B. DENDRITES  also called “neurons” the basic unit of
nervous system
C. CELL BODY  Three major parts -- cell body, dendrite,
and axon.
 Cell body - holds nucleus which controls
cellular activities.
 Dendrites - branches that extends from the
cell body, responsible in receiving signals
from other neurons
 Axon - longer extension.
 Three classification of Neurons --
1) Sensory neurons carry the signals to brain
from sense organ
2) Motor Neuron carry signals from the brain
to the muscles, controls voluntary and
involuntary movements)
3) Interneurons are neurons that connect
spinal motor and sensory neurons.
Characteristic of Animals Identify which characteristics is being
describe.
1. Animal cannot make their own food -
animals need to feed themeselves by eating
plants, other animals, or both ______________________1. Have sensory organs
such as eyes, ears, skin and nose, which enable
2. Animals can digest food - their bodies them to find food, explore their surroundings,
consume food and then break them down into locate mates, and avoid danger.
molecules, small enough for their bodies to
absorb and use. ______________________2. It has many different
cells, which carry out different functions such as
3. Animal can sense the environment - sensing the environment, digestion of food,
sensory organs such as eyes, ears, skin and reproduction, and elimination of wastes.
nose, which enable them to find food, explore
their surroundings, locate mates, and avoid ______________________3. They contain
danger membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus
and mitochondria.
4. Animal are multicellular organism - has
many different cells, which carry out different ______________________4. Their bodies consume
functions such as sensing the environment, food and then break them down into molecules,
digestion of food, reproduction, and elimination small enough for their bodies to absorb and use.
of wastes. ______________________5. The animals need to
feed themeselves by eating plants, other
5. Animal cells, like plant cells, are animals, or both
eukaryolic - they contain membrane-bound
organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria.
Classification of Animals Classification of Animals

 Vertebrates (vertebrae) - organisms that have  Invertebrates - organisms thay do not have
an internal backbone surrounded by bone. a spine or a backone. Only few have skeleton
or no skeleton at all.
 Endoskeleton - skeleton inside the body that  Exoskeleton - skeleton outside the body.
supports the body’s tissues and muscles.
Six Groups of Ivertebrates
Five Classes or Groups of Vertebrates  Arthropods - animals that have a hard,
outside covering called an exoskeleton.
 Mammals - able to produce and secret milk from
the mammary glands to feed their offspring.  Mollusks - have a mantle or mass of soft
flesh that covers the soft body and encloses
 Fishes - live and lay their eggs in the water. the internal organs.

 Birds - have festhers, wings, beaks, lungs, and  Annelids - have no legs, and no hard
two legs. They hatched from eggs, they have skeleton.
wings but not all can fly.
 Cnidarians - have stingins cellswhich are
 Reptiles - live in water and on land, they have specialized celles that they may use mainly
scales and have their lungs that allow them to for capturing prey.
breathe, they lay their eggs on land.
 Echinoderms - characterized by a hard,
 Amphibians - live on land and in water, have spiny covering or skin.
smooth skin and have grills that allow them to
breathe, they lay their eggs in water.  Poriferans - marine sponges found in
shallow waters attached to the rocks.

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