Chapter (1) Trial Model Answer

1- copper is conductor of electricity due to……..

(its high resistivity - its low conductivity - high concentration of free electron - all the previous)

2- find the current i1 ,i2 and i3…..

((0.38 , -0.814 and 1.195) - ( 0.38 , 0.814 and 1.19) - (0.953
,-3.012 and -2.058 ) - no correct answer)

first we will apply Kirchoff first law at (b),

𝑖1 = 𝑖2 + 𝑖3 >>> (1)
𝑖1 − 𝑖2 − 𝑖3 = 0 >>> (1)

Then we will take a closed path in the left part in

clockwise direction and get the second equation

+18 + 3 = +𝑖1 (15 + 20 + 0.5) + 𝑖3(6 + 0.25)

21 = (35.5)𝑖1 + (6.25)𝑖3 >>> (2)

i1 i2 i3 Vb
and take a closed path in the right part in anticlockwise direction to get
the third equation 1 -1 -1 0

+24 + 3 − 12 = −𝑖2 (0.75 + 0.5 + 8) + 𝑖3(6 + 0.25) 35.5 0 6.25 21

15 = −(9.25)𝑖2 + (6.25)𝑖3 >>> (3)
0 -9.25 6.25 15
solve using calculator (Mode >> 5 >> 2) and enter the 3 equations
i1 = 0.381 A , i2 = -0.814 A , i3 = 1.195 A

3- find i1 and i2
(zero and 0.6 - 0.6 and zero - 0.5
and 0.05 - 0.05 and 0.5 - no correct answer)
4- As the length of the wire increases the resistance will……
(increases – decreases – not changed – cannot be determined)
𝜌𝑒×𝐿
R ∝ L >>> 𝑅 = ,therefore the answer is (increases)
𝐴

5- The highest equivalent resistance in (figure 1) when the battery is connected between two
terminals is equal ………

(94.73 - 73.68 - 63.15 – 105.2)

if we want the equivalent resistance to be high, we need to connect the battery between the terminals of
the greatest resistance so that the equivalent resistance has a large value, unlike if we connect the battery
between the terminals of the smallest resistance, the equivalent resistance will have a small value
therefore battery should be connected between A,C
(𝟏𝟎𝟎+𝟖𝟎)×𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝑹𝒆𝒒. = (𝟏𝟎𝟎+𝟖𝟎)+𝟐𝟎𝟎 = 𝟗𝟒. 𝟕𝟑Ω

6- As the temperature increases the resistivity……..

(increase - decrease - constant)
the resistivity is only affected by temperature and the type of material, when the temperature increase,
the physical properties for the material changes, and the molecules vibration motion increases, which
makes it harder for free electrons to pass through, so therefore the resistivity increases (𝜌 ∝ 𝑇)

7- Terminal voltage will be greater than the electromotive force if………….

(if there is no current passes - when the current passes through the circuit - when the battery was
recharged)
Terminal voltage >> Voltameter across a battery, the only case where it’s larger than Vb is when the
battery is being recharged, because the equation will be V = Vb + Ir, and any other case the terminal
voltage would be equal to or less than the Vb of the battery

8- As the equivalent resistance of the circuit increases, the terminal voltage will ……….
(increase - decrease – constant)
Terminal voltage >> Voltameter across a battery
V = Vb - Ir , when the equivalent resistance increases, the (I) decreases and therefore the terminal voltage
increases
9- An electric circuit has 4 resistor (R1,R2,R3,R4) ohm. The current passing through them are
(0.6, 0.6, 0.8 and 0.4) ampere respectively. Knowing that R1=8 ohm,R3=30 ohm and internal
resistance of battery equals 1 ohm , so the equivalent resistance of the circuit and
electromotive force respectively are equal….……...
(24 , 30 – 42 , 57.6 – 36 , 44.4 - 24 , 51.6 )

(I) R V

0.6 R1 = 8 4.8V

0.6 R2 = 8 4.8V

0.8 R3 = 30 24V

0.4 R4 = 60 24V

8×8 60×30
Req. = + = 24 ohm
8+8 60+30
8×8 60×30
Vb = It(Req.+r) = 1.2 (8+8 + 60+30 + 1 ) = 30V

10- If two resistor connected in parallel, the 1st one is (R) and the 2nd is (4R), so the ratio
between their work consumed is ……………….
(1/4 – 1/8 – 4/1 – 8/1)
𝑉2
Work = × 𝑡 , time is constant in both cases and the (V) is the same, therefore 👇
𝑅
𝑊1 𝑅2 4𝑅
= 𝑅1 = = 4/1 >>> choice c
𝑊2 𝑅

11- If the current increases to double and if resistances is constant and connected in series so
the power will be………………..
( 4 times – quarter – doubled – halved)
Pw = 𝐼 × 𝑅 , therefore (I) doubled so Pw will increase by 22 = 4 , so the correct answer will be increase by
2

4 times

12- If the potential difference is doubled, so the resistance is………………

( doubled – halved – constant)
resistance R is not affected by voltage, because it’s like a physical property and is only affected by the
𝜌𝑒×𝐿
factors in the law >>> 𝑅 = 𝐴

13- If the radius of wire is increase 4 times, so the resistance of wire becomes ……………………
( 4 times – quarter – 8 times – 1/8 times – 16 times – 1/16 times)
R1= R R2 = ?
r1 = r r2 = 4r
𝑅1 𝑟2 𝑅 (4𝑟)2 16 𝑟 2
= 𝑟22 → = =
𝑅2 1 𝑅2 𝑟2 𝑟2
𝑅 𝑅 1
→ = 16 → R2 = 16 = 16 𝑅
𝑅2
14- if the radius of wire is doubled what happen to its resistivity will …………………
(increase 4 times – decrease 1/16 – constant – decrease to half – no correct answer)

temperature and the type material only are the only factors affecting resistivity therefore resistivity
doesn't depend on area or radius. (look at page number 5 in booklet)

15- in the shown figure, the reading of voltmeter is equal..........

(6 – 72 – 9/8 – 64)

as resistor 5 and 10 are parallel so the voltage is constant so the voltage of 10 ohm is V= IR = 3 × 10 = 30𝑉
the ammeter that passes in 5 ohm will be → I = V/R = 30/5 = 6A
the total current = 6+3 = 9A
so the reading of voltmeter = 9 × 8 = 72 𝑉

16- Five coulomb electric charge is contributed by how many electrons??……..(knowing that e=1.6 × 10−19 )
( 3.125 × 1019 – 1.6 × 1019 − 10 × 1019 )

first we must know that Q=n× 𝑒

we have:-
Q= 5 coulomb e=1.6 × 10−19 n=??

5=1.6 × 10−19 × 𝑛
n=3.125× 1019
17- which of the following statements does not represent ohm’s law?
(potential difference/resistance=current - resistance=potential difference/current – potential
difference=current. Resistance - current=resistance. Potential difference)
Ohm’s law is V=IR so if we need to get I → I = V/R

18- in the circuit the equivalent

resistance is equal………….
(1.181 - 1.813 - 1.814 - 1.812)

look at page 33 in booklet you will see all steps to

solve it
19- the equivalent resistance of the
circuit is equal ……………..
(1.55 – 3.52 – 4.234 – no correct answer)

Req. = 2 + 1 = 3
6+3=9
9×3
= 2.25
9+3
2.25 ×5
= 1.55 𝛺
2.25 + 5

20- in the opposite figure, the current passes in 1 3

the resistance 3 ohm is equal.... 2
(1 – 2/3 – 1/3 – 2 – no correct answer) 3
1
to know the series and parallel resistors with each other in this case we
need to solve it by point method so → 1 3
1
𝟑×𝟔
Rt = 𝟑+𝟔 = 𝟐

= 2 + 8 = 10

𝟏𝟎×𝟏𝟎
= 𝟏𝟎+𝟏𝟎 = 𝟓 Ω

𝑽𝒃 𝟏𝟎
It = 𝑹𝒕+𝒓 = 𝟓+𝟎 = 𝟐𝑨

- Since 10 ohm and 10 ohm are parallel and equal so we will make the current It / 2 = 2 / 2 = 1A In
each branch 1 A passes
- So the branch that contains 3 and 6 ohm there is a 1 A passes in it and since 6 is greater than 3 by 2
so we will make the current = I / 3 = 1 / 3 and we will give it to the 6 ohm as it is the greater and 3
𝟏 𝟐
ohm will take the remaining current which is = 1 – 𝟑 = 𝟑 𝑨

1 2 8 3 1 2 2 3 1 10 3
3 8

6
10
10 10
21- (by using kirochhoff's law)in circuit
the equivalent resistance equals ……….
(2. 210 - 2.333 - 0.5708 - No correct answer)

closed path (1):

0 = 2×i2 + 2×i3 - 2×i1 (divide by 2)
>> -i1 + i2 + i3 = 0 >>>>>>>>>> (1)

closed path (2):

0 = -2×i3 + 3×(i2-i3) - 2×(i1+i3)
>> -2×i1 + 3×i2 - 7×i3 = 0 >>>>>>>>>> (2)

closed path (3):

2×i1 +2×(i1 + i3) = +14
4×i1 + 2i3 = +14 >>>>>>>>>> (3)

𝟏𝟎
i1 = A , i2 = 3A , i3 = 0.33333A
𝟑

𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟗
since It = i1 + i2 = +3= 𝑨
𝟑 𝟑

𝟏𝟒 𝟒𝟐
Req = 𝟏𝟗 = 𝟏𝟗 = 𝟐. 𝟐𝟏𝟎 Ω
𝟑
22- the ratio between the voltage of lamp (x) to
voltage of lamp (Y) (if all lamps have equal resistance)
(1/2 – 2/1 – 1/3 – 3/1 – no correct answer)

the answer will be 1/1 as each lamp has equal resistance and as they are
connected in series so the same current passes in them so they have the
same voltage in each one Vx = Vy

23- in the opposite figure, if the key is closed the reading of ammeter will....
(constant – increase – decrease – no correct answer)

when key is closed the current passing through the ammeter increases as it
will be jumper wire so it will not pass in resistor R2 so it will be canceled ,
the Req. decreases and the reading of ammeter increases
Another solution: you can solve it by (fard el arkam)

24- the equivalent unit for joule/volt.coloumb is …………….

(ampere – volt – watt – unitless – no correct answer)

to solve this question look at first page in booklet (war2t el arkam)

𝟕𝟐
joule = 72 volt = 3 coloumb = 24 → 𝟑×𝟐𝟒
=𝟏
25- which of the following figures represent the relation between conductivity of material of
wire and its area ?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

temperature and the type material only is the only factors affecting conductivity
look at page (5) in booklet

26- in the shown figure of one bulb is blown up, so the reading of voltmeter will...
(increases – decreases – constant – cannot be determined)

as the voltmeter is on battery its reading is V = Vb - Ir so if one lamp is blown up

as the two lamps are connected in series the other lamp will be blown up and
current will be zero (I = 0) so the reading will be V= Vb so it will increase
Another solution: you can solve it by (fard el arkam)
27- which of the following figure represent the relation
between resistance and area of wire?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

R ∝ 1/A , and therefore there graph will be (d)

28- In the opposite figure, the equivalent resistance when the key is closed 2 3
is equal...
(7.5 ohms – 30 ohms – 22.5 ohms – no correct answer)
3
when the key is closed >>>
using point method the resistance will be like the figure below 👇 1 3
1 2 3
in upper branch 15+15 =30, then we have 30, 15, 15 parallel together
1/Req. = 1/30 + 1/15 + 1/15 = 1/6 >>> Req. = 6
so the equivalent resistance will be 6 ohm

29- A wire of length 2m is made of material of density 7000 𝐾𝑔/𝑚3, if it has a resistance of 2 ohm and a
resistivity of 10−6 (ohm.m), so its mass is....
(0.012 – 0.014 – 0.016 – 0.018 – no correct answer)
answer:-
first we will get the area using the rule of resistance:-
𝜌𝑒 × 𝐿
𝑅=
𝐴
𝜌𝑒×𝐿 2×10−6 −6 2
Area = 𝑅 = 2 =1× 10 𝑚
now we will get the volume using rule of volume of the wire:-
V=A×L
V=(1× 10−6 ) × 2 = 2 × 10−6 𝑚3
now we can get the mass of the wire:-
m=density × V
m=7000×(2 × 10−6 )=0.014kg

30- The method of connection which obtain high equivalent resistance is……
(parallel – series – no correct answer)
Because in series the equivalent resistance is calculated >> Req. = R1+R2 +R3+.......
so their total resistance is high

31- in the following figure is the relation between terminal voltage

and current intensity, so the value of internal resistance and Vb
are equal…..
(1 - -1 – 2 - -2 – 4 - -4) ohm , (10 V – 12 V – 14V – no correct answer)

the rule for this graph is V = Vb - Ir ,we can get the Vb from the y-intercept,
so Vb = 12V, and we can get the current intensity from the X-intercept,
therefore the current intensity is 3A when V=0,
0 = 12 - 3 (r) >>> r = 4Ω

32- in the opposite figure if (Rv) increases the reading of voltmeter will....
(increases – decreases – constant – cannot be determined)

Case 1 :
Vb = 12V, R=2Ω, Rv=2Ω, r=1
Req. = 2 + 2 = 4 Ω
i = Vb/(Req+r) = 12/(4+ 1) = 2.4 A
the voltameter reading (V) = Vb - i(Rv+r), V = 12 - 2.4(2+1) = 4.8 V
Case 2 :
Vb = 12V, R= 2Ω, Rv=3Ω, r= 1
Req. = 2 + 3 = 5Ω
i = Vb/(Req+r) = 12/(5+1) = 2 A
the voltameter reading (V) = Vb - i(Rv+r) , V = 12 - 2(3+1) = 4 V

therefore the voltameter reading decreases

33- the opposite figure represent the relation between resistance and length of two
copper wires (X) and (Y), so the ratio between their areas A(X) to A(Y) is equal ………..
(1/3 – 3/1 – 1/2 - root (3) – no correct answer)

𝜌𝑒×𝐿 𝜌𝑒
The law for this graph is 𝑅 = 𝐴 , and the slope for this graph is , so the slope is
𝐴
inversely proportional to the area,
therefore A(X)/A(Y) = slope (Y)/ slope(x) = tan(30)/tan(60) = 1/3

34- in the opposite figure, the potential difference between a and b is equal......
(15 V- 3 V – 7.5 V – no correct answer)

first go get (It), we have in the lower branch 5+5 = 10

and then there will be 3 parallel branches (10, 5, 10)
1/R(5,10,10) = 1/10 + 1/5 + 1/10 = 2/5 >>> R(5,10,10) = 2.5 Ω

Req. = 2.5 + 2.5 = 5Ω , (It) = Vb/(Req.+r) = 15/(5+0) = 3A

the resistance between a,b was the three parallel branches (5,10,10) which is 2.5Ω
so the potential difference between a, b >> Vab = IR = 3×2.5 = 7.5V

35- in the opposite figure the equivalent resistance from (a) to (b) is equal .....
(24 ohms – 1.134 ohms – 6 ohms – 1.5 ohms – no correct answer)

3 2 1 3

1/R(9,9,9) = 1/9 + 1/9 + 1/9 = 1/3 >>> R(9,9,9) = 3 Ω 3

Req. = 3 + 3 = 6Ω
36- two wires (A) and (B) made of same material, radius of the first is 2nm, and of wire (B)=5 (micro meter),
resistance of the wire (A) is 0.5 (kilo ohm) and that of the second is 0.07 (mega ohm), so the ratio between
length of the 1st wire to length of 2nd wire is equal………….
(1/875000000 - 0.00000285 – 875000000 - no correct answer)

R1 = 0.5KΩ = 0.5× 103 = 500 Ω , R2 = 0.07 MΩ = 0.07× 106 = 70000Ω

𝜌e1 = 𝜌e2 , r1 = 2 × 10−9 𝑚 , r2= 5 × 10−6 𝑚

𝑅1 𝜌𝑒1 𝐿1 𝑟2
= 𝜌𝑒2 × × (𝑟1)2
𝑅2 𝐿2
500 𝐿1 (5×10−6 ) 𝐿1 1
= 1 × × ((2×10−9 ))2 >> =
70000 𝐿2 𝐿2 875000000

37- in the circuit the reading of voltmeter before and after closing
key is equal ……………
(2 and 2.4 – 2.4 and 2 – 6 and 1.36 – no correct answer)
Before closing the key:
Req. = 6+4 = 10Ω, r = 2Ω

It = Vb/(Req.+r) = 6/(10+2) = 0.5A

the voltameter is on the 4Ω , V(4Ω) = IR = 0.5×4 = 2V
After closing the key:
12×6
Req. = 12+6 + 4 = 8Ω

It = Vb/(Req.+r) = 6/(8+2) = 0.6 A

the voltameter is on the 4Ω , V(4Ω) = IR = 0.6×4 = 2.4V

38- two wires (A) and (B) made of same material, radius of the first is 2nm, and of wire (B)=5(micro meter),
resistance of the wire (A) is 0.5 (kilo ohm) and that of the second is 0.07 (mega ohm), so the ratio of the
current of 1st wire to the current of 2nd wire if they are connected parallel................
(140/1 – 1/140 – 40/1 – 1/40 – no correct answer)

When connected in parallel, V1 = V2 , therefore I is inverse with R

𝐼1 𝑅2 0.07 × 106 140
= = =
𝐼2 𝑅1 0.5 × 103 1
39- which of the following relations represent the relation between the potential difference of
DC source and time?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

The relation between V and time is constant, because the battery provides the same potential difference as
time passes, and there is no mathematical relation between V and time, therefore the graph will be a
horizontal line (constant)

40- two wires (A) and (B) made of same material, radius of the first is 2nm, and of wire (B)=5(micro meter),
resistance of the wire (A) is 0.5 (kilo ohm) and that of the second is 0.07 (mega ohm), and the if they
became different material and same length so which one do you expect to have larger conductivity……..
(1st wire greater than 2nd wire – 2nd wire greater than 1st wire – 2nd wire equal 1st wire)

* Wire A* *Wire B *
Radius 𝑟𝐴 =2nm=2× 10−9 m Radius 𝑟𝐵 =2𝜇m= 5× 10−6 m
Resistance= 𝑅𝐴 = 0.5K𝛺 = 500𝛺 Resistance= 𝑅𝐵 = 0.07M𝛺 = 70,000𝛺
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎𝐴 =𝜋𝑟2 = (2 × 10−9 )2 =4𝜋 × 10−18 𝑚2 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎𝐵 =𝜋𝑟2 = (5 × 10−6 )2=25𝜋 × 10−12 𝑚2

as we see from the comparison:

*wire A has a smaller radius and lower resistance.
*wire B has a smaller radius and Higher resistance.
we will get the resistivity ratio from the equation below 👇
𝑅1 𝜌𝑒1 𝐿1 𝑟2 500 𝜌𝑒1 (5×10−6 ) 𝜌𝑒1 1
= 𝜌𝑒2 × × (𝑟1)2 >>> 70000 = × 1 × ((2×10−9 ))2 >>> 𝜌𝑒2 =
𝑅2 𝐿2 𝜌𝑒2 875000000
1
given that the conductivity is the inverse of resistivity (𝜎=𝜌)
so wire B is likely to have higher resistivity than A, and therefore A has higher conductivity
41- if three copper wires X,Y and Z of lengths 2m,4m and 1m respectively and have same cross-sectional
area, then which of the following represent the resistances of three wires?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

R ∝ L, therefore R1:R2:R3 = L1:L2:L3 >>> 2 : 4 : 1, which will be represented by graph (a)

42- in the opposite figure, the reading of voltmeter (2) is equal……….

(7/6 Vb – 5/6 Vb – 11/7 Vb – 7/11 Vb – no correct answer)

𝑉𝑏(𝑏𝑖𝑔) − 𝑉𝑏(𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑙) 2𝑉𝑏 − 𝑉𝑏 𝑉𝑏

𝐼= = =
(𝑅𝑒𝑞. +𝑟1 + 𝑟2) (2𝑅. +0.5𝑅 + 0.5𝑅) 3𝑅

𝑉𝑏 7
reading of voltameter (2) equals >> Vb+ir = Vb + 3𝑅 × (0.5𝑅) = 6 𝑉𝑏
43- if the resistance is 1.9 ohm, so the current passes in the circuit is 0.5 A, if this resistance is replaced by
another one which is equal 10.6 ohm so the current passes is decreased to be 0.125A, so the value of
internal resistance and emf respectively is equal……
( 1Ω and 1.45V - 2 Ω and 1.45 V - 1 Ω and 12V – 2 Ω and 12 V)

𝑉𝑏
𝐼𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 =(𝑅 , therefore:-
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 +𝑟)

𝑉𝑏 =𝐼𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 × (𝑅𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 + 𝑟)
- in the first case:-
𝑅1 = 1.9𝛺 𝑖1 = 0.5 𝐴
𝑉𝑏 =𝐼𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 × (𝑅𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 + 𝑟)
𝑉𝑏 = 0.5 × ( 1.9 + 𝑟) >>>>(1)
- in the second case:-
𝑅1 = 10.6𝛺 𝑖1 = 0.125 𝐴
𝑉𝑏 =𝐼𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 × (𝑅𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 + 𝑟)
𝑉𝑏 = 0.125 × ( 10.6 + 𝑟) >>>>(2)
- now we have two equations:-
* the two equations are equal in emf *

0.125 × ( 10.6 + 𝑟) = 0.5 × ( 1.9 + 𝑟)

so we can get that:-
𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐥 = 𝟏 𝛀
now we will get the emf by substitute in any equation:-
Emf=0.125 × ( 10.6 + 1) = 1.45 𝑉

44- if four identical resistances connected one time in series and another time in parallel with same battery
in two cases, so the ratio between power consumed is series case to power consumed in parallel case is
equal………..
(1/9 - 9/1 – 1/4 - 4/1 –1/16 – 16/1)
for the series configuration:-
𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 = 𝑅 + 𝑅 + 𝑅 + 𝑅 = 4𝑅
𝑉2 2
𝑝= =𝑉 >>>(1)
𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 4𝑅⬚
for the parallel configuration:-
1 1 1 1 1 4
= + + + =
𝑅𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 𝑅 𝑅 𝑅 𝑅 𝑅
so the total resistance in parallel case:-
𝑅
𝑅𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 =
4
ratio of the power:-
2
𝑉
𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 4𝑅 1
= =
𝑅𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 4𝑉2 16
𝑅
Essay questions:
1- In the opposite figure:
a- the reading of ammeter 1, ammeter 2,
voltmeter 1 (which is on R1) and
voltmeter 2 (which is on battery) when the
key is opened is equal….

A2 will be = 0

𝑉𝑏 12
A1 = 𝑅𝑡 +𝑟 = = 4𝐴
3

V1 = (which is on R1) = 0

V2 (which is ob battery) = Vb - Ir = 12-(4×0)= 12V

b- the reading of ammeter 1, ammeter 2,

voltmeter 1 (which is on R1) and voltmeter 2 (which is on battery) when the key is closed
is equal….

Rt of the circuit = 4+2 = 6

6×3
= 6+3 = 2𝛺
𝑉𝑏 12
A1 = 𝑅𝑡 +𝑟 = 2+0 = 6𝐴

A2 → it is the current that passes in 4 and 2 ohm as they are connected in series so we can add them to get
the 6 ohm that is parallel with the 3 ohm so if we need to get the current that passes in in each of them as
the 6 ohm greater than the 3 ohm by 2 times so we can make the It / 3 and the result goes to the resistor 6
6
as it is the bigger → so the reading A2 = 3 = 2 𝐴

V1 (which is on R1) = V=IR = 2× 2 = 4𝑉

V2 (which is ob battery) = Vb - Ir = 12 - ( 6 × 0) = 12𝑉

c- in the previous circuit if the key closed and value of resistance R2 is increases so what
happen to reading of ammeter 1 and ammeter 2 , voltmeter (1) and voltmeter (2)

assume R2 to be 7 ohm so we will calculate the ammeters and voltmeters reading again to see what will
happen

Rt of the circuit = 7+2 = 9

9×3 9
= 9+3 = 4 = 2.25 𝛺

𝑉𝑏 12 16
A1 = 𝑅𝑡 +𝑟 = 2.25+0 = 3
= 5.333 𝐴 (Decreases)

A2 = as the upper branch equals 9 ohm and the lower branch is 3 ohm so the upper is greater by 3 times so
we will make It / 4 and the result goes to the upper branch as it is the greater
 16 4
= ÷ 4 = 3 = 1.333 𝐴 (Decreases)
3
4 8
V1 (which is on R1) = V=IR = 2× 3 = 3 = 2.666 𝑉 (Decreases)
16
V2 (which is ob battery) = Vb - Ir = 12 - ( × 0) = 12𝑉 (constant)
3

2- find the equivalent unit and physical quantity for each of the following:

solve this by using first page in booklet (war2t el arkam)

a- coloumb.volt.sec/joule

coloumb = 24 volt = 3 second = 4 joule 72

24×3×4
= 4 → The equivalent unit is (Second) its physical quantity is (Time)
72

b- watt.sec.volt/ohm.ampere
watt = 18 sec =4 volt = 3 ohm = 0.5 ampere = 6

18×4×3
= 72 The equivalent unit is (Joule) its physical quantity is (Work)
0.5×6