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COMPUTER APPLICATIONS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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18 views

COMPUTER APPLICATIONS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Uploaded by

jajokox546
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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52.

COMPUTER APPLICATIONS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT)


Unit 1: Computer Organization and Architecture
Computer Organization and Architecture – Boolean Algebra, Minimization of Boolean
Functions, Number System, Basic concepts of floating point number system, Sequential and
Combinational Circuits, Flip flops – types, Race Condition and Comparison. Input/ Output
Unit, Memory Organization, ALU and Control Unit, Instruction and Execution Cycle in
CPU, Introduction to Microprocessors, Interrupts, CISC and RISC Architecture.

Unit 2: Programming Languages & Data Structure


Programming Languages (Java, C++, Python), Computer Algorithms, Flow Charts, Building
Blocks, Control Structures, Arrays, Object Oriented Programming Concepts, Memory
Allocation, File management. Internet Programming – Hyper Text Markup Language
(HTML) and XML, Building Static and Dynamic Web Pages, Client Side and Server Side
Scripting Languages, Mobile Apps, Database Connectivity, Data Structure: Representation
of Character, String and their Manipulation, Linear List Structure, Stack, Queue, Heaps,
Linked list, Arrays. Tree: Representation of Tree Structures and Different Tree Traversal
Algorithms, Graph, Sorting and Searching Algorithms.

Unit 3: Software Engineering


Requirement Analysis and Specification; Software Development: Phases, Process Models,
Project Structure, Project Team Structure, Types of Metrics, Measurement, Software Quality
Factors, Project Cost Estimation, Project Scheduling, Quality Assurance Plan and Project
Monitoring Plans, Gantt Charts, PERT and CPM, Coding Tools and Techniques, Software
Testing and Maintenance, CASE Tools, Object Oriented Analysis and Design, UML
Modeling and Diagrams.

Unit 4: Networking & Operating System


Types of Networks, Network topology. Data Communication: Concepts of Data, Signal,
Channel, Bandwidth, bit-rate and baud rate. Analog and Digital Communications,
Asynchronous and Synchronous transmission. ISO-OSI Reference Model, TCP/IP Reference
Model – Data Link Layer Function and Protocols: Framing, Error Control, flow control;
sliding window protocol, IP-v4 & IP-v6, Dual Stack, Network infrastructure and Security-
switches, routers, firewall, intranet, internet, Virtual Private Network. Internet standards and
Services, Cryptography, Authentication and firewalls, Adhoc networks. Operating system –
Process Management: Inter-Process Communication, Process Scheduling; Memory
management: Swapping, Virtual Memory, Paging and Segmentation; Device Management:
Deadlocks, Semaphores; File systems – Files, directories, Security and Protection
Mechanisms: Basics of Unix/Linux/Windows Server Configuration.

Unit 5: Compiler Construction


Theory of Computation: Models of computation- Finite Automata, Pushdown Automata,
Non-determinism and NFA, DPDA and PDAs and Languages accepted by these structures.
Grammars, Languages, non-computability and Examples of non-computable problems.
Context Free Grammars (CFG), Linear Bounded Automata (LBA), Turing Machine (TA).

Compilers – Regular Expression, Finite automata, Formal languages, Finite State Machines,
Lexical Analysis, Semantic Analysis, Parsing Algorithms, Symbol tables, Error Handling,
Types of Languages.

Unit 6: Data Base Management System


Definition and Features, Data Models, Relational Database: Logical and Physical Structure,
Relational Algebra, Relational Calculus, Database Design, Normalization, Concurrency
Control, Security and Integrity, Query Processing and Optimization, Backup and Recovery;
Distributed Databases – Concepts, architecture, Design; Structured Query Language (SQL),

pg. 136
Concepts and Principles of Data Warehousing, Data Warehousing Design and Schema,
Spatial Databases, GIS Concepts and Principles, Big Data Concepts & Architecture.

Unit 7: Computer Graphics


Raster Scan and Random Scan Graphics; Continual Refresh and Storages Displays; Display
Processors and Character Generators; Colour Display Techniques. Frame Buffer and Bit
Operations, Raster graphics, Points, Lines and Curves, Scan Conversion; Line-Drawing
Algorithms; Circle and Ellipse Generation; Polygon Filling; Conic-Section Generation. Anti-
Aliasing; Two-dimensional viewing; Basic Transformations; Co-ordinate systems;
Windowing and Clipping; Segments; Interactive Picture-Construction Techniques;
Interactive Input/Output Devices. Three-Dimensional Concepts: 3-D Representations and
Transformations; 3-D Viewing; Algorithm for 3-D Volumes, Spline Curves and Surfaces.

Unit 8: Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing


Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI); Knowledge: General Concept of Knowledge,
Knowledge Based System, Representation of Knowledge, Knowledge Organization and
Manipulation, Acquisition of Knowledge, Ontologies. Symbolic Approach: Syntax and
Semantics for Prepositional Logic (PL) and First Order Predicates Logic (FOPL), Properties
of Well-Formed Formulas (wffs), Conversion to clausal form, Inference Rules, Resolution
Principle, Non deductive inference methods. Search and Control Strategies: Blind Search,
Breadth-first search, Depth – First search, Hill Climbing Method, Branch and Bound Search.
Games theory, Theorem Proving, Natural Language Processing, Robotics. Data Mining:
Supervised, unsupervised and Association Rule Mining, Artificial Neural Networks, Deep
Learning, Genetic Algorithms, Fuzzy Logic. Expert Systems: Introduction to Expert System,
and its Characteristics, Application and Importance, Rule Based System Architecture;
Software Agents.

Unit 9: Statistics, Modeling and Simulation


Frequency distribution, Measures of Central Tendency, Dispersion, Skewness and Kurtosis.
Theory of Probability. Random variable and mathematical expectation. Correlation and
regression. Basic Principles of Design of Experiments. Analysis of Variance. Completely
randomized design (CRD), Randomized complete block design (RCBD), Latin Square
Design (LSD), Split Plot and Strip Plot Design. Probability Distributions: Binomial, Poisson,
Normal Distributions and their Applications. Concept of sampling, Sampling vs. Complete
Enumeration, Sampling from a Finite Population, Simple Random Sampling. Generation and
Testing of Random Numbers, Simulation of Stochastic Events and processes, Discrete Event
Simulation.

Unit 10: Bioinformatics


Basics of Bioinformatics, Basic Molecular Biology; Introduction to the Basic Principles of
Structure/Function Analysis of Biological Molecules; Genome Analysis; Different Types and
Classification of Genome Databases (HTGS, DNA, Protein, EST, STS, SNPs, Unigenes etc.)
Role of Bioinformatics in Genomics; Nature of Genomic Data; Overview of Available
Genomic Resources on the Web; NCBI/ EBI/ EXPASY etc; Nucleic Acid Sequence
Databases; GenBank/EMBL/ DDBJ; Database Search engines: Entrez, SRS.
Overview/Concepts in Sequence Analysis; Pairwise Sequence Alignment Algorithms:
Needleman & Wunsch, Smith & Waterman; BLAST, FASTA; Scoring matrices for Nucleic
Acids and Proteins: PAM, BLOSUM, Dynamic Programming Algorithm, Multiple Sequence
Alignment: PRAS, CLUSTALW. Sequence Based Gene Prediction and its Function
Identification, SSR, SNPs and Various Markers for Identification of Genetic Traits, Gene
Expression. Phylogenetic Analysis Algorithms; Maximum Parsimony, Distance based:
UPGMA, Neighbour-Joining.

pg. 137

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