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8.2_notes

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PHOTOSYNTHESIS: AN OVERVIEW

Chapter 8.2

CHLOROPHYLL:
Light is energy, and must be captured and
converted into a more stable and usable form. To do this
plants begin with photosynthetic pigments (molecules
that can absorb light energy).

The most abundant pigment in most plants is


CHLOROPHYLL. It has 2 chemical forms, Chlorophyll a,
and Chlorophyll b, both absorb light energy in the
blue/violet/red regions of the visible light spectrum.

Chlorophyll does NOT absorb light well from GREEN wavelengths of light. Green light is
REFLECTED off of the plants surface.

CHLOROPLASTS:
Plant organelles used to capture and convert light energy into glucose.

Structure of a Chloroplast
HIGH ENERGY ELECTRONS:
Electrons can gain and lose energy, moving them farther or close to the center of an
atom. In photosynthesis light (from the sun) provides the energy to “excite” electrons to
move them farther away from the nucleus of an atom, this creates “High Energy Electrons”.

These electrons are used to further the process of


photosynthesis. To get them to the next molecule
in the process, an “Electron Carrier” must be used.

ELECTRON CARRIER: is a compound that can


accept a pair of high-energy electrons and a H+ and transfer them along with their energy to
another molecule. This one is called NADP+

IDEA: NADP+ + 2e- + H+ NADPH

NADPH allows energy to be carried from the membranes of the chloroplasts to the stroma
for the next part of photosynthesis.

AN OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS:

Concept: Photosynthesis uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon
dioxide into high- energy sugars and oxygen.

Equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O light C6H12O6 + 6O2

LIGHT-DEPENDANT REACTIONS
Concept: A set of chemical reactions that requires light and light absorbing pigments.
Uses energy from sunlight along with water to produce ATP in the thylakoids. Oxygen is
produced as a by-product.
LIGHT-INDEPENDENT REACTIONS:

Concept: Products from the light-dependant reactions (ATP & NADPH) are now used
to make larger high-energy sugars (glucose). These reactions do not require light to occur
(but can still occur in the presence of light) and take place in the stroma of the chloroplast.

Mr. Photosynthesis !! If you have a spare helmet and seat belt, give it a try...

Mr. Anderson Fixes


Everything :)

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