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Chap 7.2 - Volume of Revolution - Disk Method

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Chap 7.2 - Volume of Revolution - Disk Method

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copperheadkiller13
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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7.

2 Volume of Revolution – Disk Method


In this section, we will use the method of slicing a Solid into Cross Sections
then summing the Cross Sections to find the Volume of the Solid.

1 Volumes of Solids with Known Cross Sections


The Calculus version of Cavalieri’s Principle states that the Volume V of a Solid S
with a Cross Section area A(x), that is formed by intersecting the Solid S with a
Plane Px perpendicular to the X axis, is the integral of A(x) over the interval [a,b].

EXAMPLE 7 Page 460 – Volume of a Square Pyramid


Find the Volume of a Pyramid with a square base with side length B and with
center vertical height H (cross sections are squares).

2 Riemann Sums  Symbolic Differentials


For the rest of Calculus, we will move from Infinite Limits of Riemann Sums
to Definite Integrals of Symbolic Differentials for finding Areas, Volumes,
and Arc Lengths of two and three dimensional Geometric Objects:
For example – The Area under the Curve y = f(x) over the Interval [a,b]:

(A) Infinite Limit of a Riemann Sum


● Partition interval [a,b] into n equal length subintervals and
choose a simple Geometric Element (Rectangle) that well
approximates the Area under the Curve y = f(x) and over
the ith subinterval.
● Form the Riemann Sum and Evaluate the Limit as n  ∞
by using Series Summation Processes.

(B) Definite Integral of Symbolic Differentials


● Choose a Simple Geometric Element (Rectangle)
that well approximates the Area under the Curve
y = f(x) and over the differential interval dx.
● Form the Definite Integral of Symbolic Differentials
and Evaluate the Integral using the Fundamental
Theorem of Calculus.

3 Volume of Solids of Revolution – Disk Method


A If y = f(x) is Continuous and Nonnegative on the X interval [a,b] then the
Volume V of the solid formed by Revolving the region between f(x) and
the X axis around the X axis over the interval [a,b] is a volume with a
Known Cross Section:
The Cross Section is a Disk with Area

Revolving y = f(x) around the X axis is actually revolving f(x) about the
Horizontal Line y = 0.
If revolving f(x) around the Horizontal Line y = L and if the:
● Line L is below f(x) then replace the radius [f(x)] with [f(x) – L].
● Line L is above f(x) then replace the radius [f(x)] with [L – f(x)].

EXAMPLE 2 Page 456 – Horizontal Revolution about a Line y =


L
Find the Volume of the solid formed by revolving y = 2 – x about the
2

horizontal line y = 1.

B If x = f(y) is Continuous and Nonnegative on the Y interval [c,d] then the


Volume V of the solid formed by Revolving the region between f(y) and
the Y axis around the Y axis over the interval [c,d] is a volume with a
Known Cross Section:
The Cross Section is a Disk with Area

Revolving x = f(y) around the Y axis is actually revolving f(y) about the
Vertical Line x = 0.
If revolving f(y) around the Vertical Line x = L and if the:
● Line L is left of f(y) then replace the radius [f(y)] with [f(y) – L].
● Line L is right of f(y) then replace the radius [f(y)] with [L – f(y)].

EXAMPLE A Not in Textbook – Vertical Revolution about a Line x


=L
Find the Volume formed by revolving the region between x = 2/y and the Y axis
around the Y axis over the interval Y [1,4].

4 Volume of Solids of Revolution – Washer Method

A If y = f(x) and y = g(x) are Continuous on the X interval [a,b] and f(x) ≥ g(x)
for all x in [a,b] then the Volume of the solid formed by Revolving the region
between f(x) and g(x) around the X axis over the interval [a,b] is a volume
with a Known Cross Section.
The Cross Section is a Washer with Area

If revolving the region between f(x) and g(x) about the Horizontal Line y = L
then draw a picture of the region and the line and determine the outer
radius
and the inner radius depending on the Position of the Horizontal Line.
Radius Length is always the Positive Distance from the Curve to the Line.

EXAMPLE 3 Page 457 – Horizontal Revolution about a Line y = L


Example has been Modified!
Find the Volume formed by revolving the region between the Curves
around the Line y = –1 (Construct only – do not Evaluate).

B If x = f(y) and x = g(y) are Continuous on the Y interval [c,d] and f(y) ≥ g(y)
for all y in [c,d] then the Volume of the solid formed by Revolving the region
between f(y) and g(y) around the Y axis over the interval [c,d] is a volume
with a Known Cross Section.
The Cross Section is a Washer with Area
If revolving the region between f(y) and g(y) about the Vertical Line x = L
then draw a picture of the region and the line and determine the outer radius
and the inner radius depending on the Position of the Vertical Line.
Radius Length is always the Positive Distance from the Curve to the Line.

EXAMPLE 4 Page 458 – Vertical Revolution about a Line x = 0


Example has been Modified!
Find the Volume formed by revolving the region between the Curves
around the Y Axis over the Y interval [1,2].
(Construct only – do not Evaluate).

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