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EXP2 Tool geometry measurement via Focus Variation Microscopy

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2 views

EXP2 Tool geometry measurement via Focus Variation Microscopy

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vidyanand.techfest.iitb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ME-372 : Heat transfer and Metrology lab

Experiment No - 3 A
Tool Geometry Measurement Via Focus variation
Microscopy

Instructors:-
Prof. Rakesh G. Mote
Teaching Assistant
Prof. Deepak Marla
Vishnu Narayanan S
Prof. Soham Mujumdar
[email protected]
Introduction
• A cutting tool is any tool that is used
to remove metal from the work piece
by means of shear deformation
• The tool must have a specific geometry
(known as tool geometry) for effective
cutting and smooth surface finish
• There are two surfaces adjacent to the cutting edge of the tool:
• Rake surface - directs the flow of newly formed chip. It is oriented at a certain angle
called the rake angle ‘a’. It is measured relative to the plane perpendicular to the work
surface. The rake angle can be positive or negative.
• Flank surface - provides a clearance between the tool and the newly formed work
surface, thus protecting the surface from abrasion which would degrade the finish. This
angle between work surface and the flank surface is called the relief or clearance angle.
Introduction
• A turning tool is specified by
1. Side cutting edge angle
2. End cutting edge angle
3. Side relief/clearance angle
4. End relief/clearance angle
5. Back rake angle
6. Side rake angle
7. Nose radius
• Increasing the rake angle will produce a force that will draw the tool into the
workpiece
• The clearance angle will stop the tool rubbing on the workpiece
• Height of tooltip is on or just above the centre of workpiece.
Aim
➢ Measurement and understanding of different angles of a turning tool
Equipment used
➢Alicona Infintefocus
➢It is an optical profilometer
➢3D measurement system
➢ works on the principle of “Focus variation”
➢ The 3D profile obtained can be used for
accurate and precise measurement of dimensions, surface
roughness, flatness, etc.
➢ Optical properties of the material such as
transparency and reflectivity are crucial
Principle of focus variation
• A 2-D image can give information in x-y
coordinate system
• Focus variation uses multiple 2-D images
to get a 3-D profile
• The images are capture at different camera
focus
• The part of image within the depth of
focus (DOF) would be sharp and other
parts would be blurred.
• For each image, x-y coordinate of sharp
regions and the corresponding focus (or
depth) are noted
• The information from all the images are
compiled to obtain a 3-D profile.
Procedure
1. Position the tool under the objective. The tip of tool should be under the
light.
2. Close the window and switch of the fan of apparatus to avoid disturbances.
3. Open the Software module and position the camera properly.
4. Move the camera in z direction along the tool tip.
5. Select Zmax and Zmin for the measurement.
6. Retrieve the 3D profile, and select the “2D measurement” option.
7. Use the angle tool to draw over the image and measure the tool angles.
8. Change the tool orientation and repeat steps 1-7 until all the six angles are
measured. (Nose radius can be measured by drawing a circle over the image)
Results
The results (all angles and nose radius) will be provided to you. Assume that the
tool is made from a cuboidal block of dimension 1 cm × 1 cm × 10 cm.
1. Create a 3-D model of the tool. Attach the top view, front view, side view
and isometric view of the 3-D model with dimensions (all the angles should
be clearly visible)
2. The 3 D file should be submitted.
3. Write the conclusion and mention some potential sources of error
Report
1. Aim
2. Instruments used
3. Application
4. Working principle
5. Table of data
6. Figures
• Front view
• Top view
• Side view
• Isometric view
7. Results and conclusion
8. Sources of error
Questions
1. Mention one advantage and one disadvantage of optical profilometry.
2. What is the purpose of relief angle?
3. Which surface directs the flow of chip?

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