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Chapter+12+notes

Uploaded by

jerzyhaines
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Services- Types and Distributions

Services
-fill wants and needs
-arts making products but distributing
-deindustrialization
-consumer, business, and public services

Consumer Services
-to individuals who want them
-50% of all jobs
-15%of labor force
-health and social services

Business Service
-help other businesses
-25% of jobs
-5% of labor force

Public services
-provide security and protection
-8% of jobs

Current Trends
-all recent job growth in service
-agriculture has declined

History of Services
-low agricultural density
-more developed, commercialized, more customers with disposable income
-become more desirable

Central Place Theory

Central Place theory


-determine most ideal location
-a node
-centered around market or hinterland
-people obtain serifs from their node

Nesting
-Layout of an area should follow a pattern
-small settlements close together with large and small market areas
-less large settlements, spread further apart

Gravity model
-spatial relationships between settlements
-depends on size of settlement, population density, and distance between
-large settlement interact more with each other than with smaller settlements

Range
-maximum distance in which people are willing to travel in order to have a good or service
-range is determined by the necessity of the service
-small range is groceries, gas station, fast food
-Large range is pro sports, concerts, specialty hospital
-thought of in travel time

Threshold
-minimum number of customers you need within your range to make you profitable
-census data
-not everyone in the range is a customer
-high threshold is amusement park, movie theater, pro sports team
-low threshold is food truck, convenience store

Consumer Service Hierarchy


-rank size rule is 1/n
1. 1,000,000
2. 500,000
3. 333,333
4. 250,000
-developed and non developed countries
-further distance from primate city, the more isolated it becomes

Periodic Markets
-vendors who come together to offer goods and services in a place on certain days

Cities and Globalization


-cities are the locations that are most important in globalization advancing
-some cities are more important than others

Cities across the world


-on every continent except Antarctica
-growing fastest in peripheral
-mega cities have more than 10 million people
-meta citizens have more than 20 Million people
-high rates of natural increase and high rural to urban migration

World Cities
-major cities that provide services with the global economy
-communication, banking, finance, foreign exchange, etc
-hierarchical diffusion
-large thresholds

World city tiers


-London, New York, Tokyo, and Paris
-elements used to rank are economic, political, cultural, infustricture, communication, and
transport

Distribution of talent
-talent clusters in world cities
-talent is good for companies in entertainment and services

Developing countries
-specialize in offshore financial and back office business
-weak regulations and low wage labor
-low taxes on money
-customer service

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