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A study on economics of poultry farmers and suggestions of poultry

management practices in Dungarpur district of Rajasthan

Research · January 2021

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.28570.36807

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 The Pharma Innovation Journal 2021; SP-10(10): 489-492

ISSN (E): 2277- 7695

ISSN (P): 2349-8242
NAAS Rating: 5.23 A study on economics of poultry farmers and
TPI 2021; SP-10(10): 489-492
© 2021 TPI suggestions of poultry management practices in
www.thepharmajournal.com
Received: 12-08-2021 Dungarpur district of Rajasthan
Accepted: 22-09-2021

Budharam Budharam, Lekhu Kumar and Hitesh Muwal

M.Sc. Research Scholar,
Department of Livestock
Production Management, RCA, Abstract
MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan, The current research was conducted on backyard poultry rearing system in tribal district Dungarpur, four
India tehsils of Dungarpur district i.e. Dungarpur, Bicchiwada, Aspur and Sagwara were selected for the study
purpose three villages were selected from the each identified tehsil. 15 farmers from every village were
Lekhu Kumar randomly selected for a sample of 180 recipients. Average egg production was 680 per family. Average
M.Sc. Research Scholar, income by farming, animal husbandry and labour year-1 was Rs. 138350.15 per respondent. Average
Department of Livestock 38.91 birds reared by each respondent and average 10.11 birds consumed and 28.81 birds sold by every
Production Management,
respondent. The mean number of eggs produced per year per family was 680 and out of these 170 eggs
SKNAU, Jobner, Rajasthan,
was spent at homes while the 510 eggs was sold out cost. Benefits ratio per recipients was 1:1.95.
India
Predators problems was the major constraints faciliting respondents.
Hitesh Muwal
PhD Research Scholar, Keywords: Dungarpur, economics, poultry farmers and suggestion
Department of Livestock
Production Management, RCA, Introduction
MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan, The livestock sector is one of the fastest growing parts of the agricultural economy. The
India
growth and transformation of the sector offer opportunities for agricultural development,
poverty reduction and food security gains. Livestock contribute 40 % of the global value of
agricultural output and support the livelihoods and food safety of nearly a 1.3 billion people
(Anonymous, 2019) [1]. Livestock plays a major role in Indian economy. The comparative
share of poultry in the national economy has persisted below 1 per cent, but its share in the
livestock sector is continuously rising. India ranks 3rd in egg production and 5th in meat
production in the world. As per the recommendations of National Institute of Nutrition, we
require 182 eggs and 11 kg of poultry meat per capita per year, but we have presently achieved
only upto 79 eggs and 3.6 kg of poultry meat per capita per year (Anonymous, 2019-20) [1]
which is lower than global average of 8.92 kg and 14.13 kg for egg and meat. The population
has improved in rural part by 15.02 per cent, while town areas have noticed a decline in
population by 25.60 per cent. The population of poultry under courtyard system is 317 million
(20th census). This occurred even though the fact that rural courtyard poultry is a main part of
the activity portfolio of the most of rural families. It contributes nearly 8.5% of the nationwide
egg production and improves household food security and income. As per the 20th livestock
census, there were 80.24 lacs poultry in Rajasthan, from which 30.33 lacs poultry were at
backyard and remaining 49.91 lacs were at farm poultry. Dungarpur was at Vth position in the
number of backyard poultry with having 1.78 lacs population after Ajmer, Udaipur, Jhunjhunu
and Banswara having Ist, IInd, IIIrd and IVth rank, respectively. The poultry was 2.54 percent of
the total livestock populace in country in 1951. Now it is reached to 86.36 % in year 2019.
Backyard poultry serves as an inexpensive means for household’s to generate highly nutrious
food commodities at mineral cost (pica-Ciamarra and otte, 2010). Hence, the rural poultry
farming has good potential in the state especially in the rural areas to improve the economic
condition and overcoming protein deficiency.

Corresponding Author
Materials and Methods
Budharam The existing study was carried out in trible area of Dungarpur district of Rajasthan. Dungarpur
M.Sc. Research Scholar, district is situated in the south region of Rajasthan and geographically characterized by the
Department of Livestock Aravali hills. The district lies in the middle of 23.8ºN latitude and 73.7ºE longitude and
Production Management, RCA, altitude of 225 meter beyond average sea level. Dungarpur district comprises of total 8 tehsils,
MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan,
India
out of which 4 tehsils i.e.
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Dungarpur, Bicchiwada, Aspur and Sagwara were selected for expenses on rearing of poultry fowl counting charge of
the investigation. Three villages were selected from the each chicks, feeding, house and equipment’s were Rs. 9675. The
identified tehsil and total twelve villages were selected on the income has been calculated by subtracting the charge spend
basis of backyard poultry birds availability in the villages. on rearing from the worth of net income increase. Total
Fifteen respondents from every village were randomly income earned from eggs and fowls were Rs. 18867.83. Total
selected and a total number of 180 farmers were investigated benefit of respondent was Rs. 18867.83 and over-all charge
for current research. Data were collected with the help of a was Rs. 9675.00 giving a B/C ratio of 1:1.95. Mean number
semi structured interview schedule and through observation. of birds nurtured per recipients was 38.91, whereas the
Before the conduction of interview and collections of data average number of eggs produced per year per family was
from respondents, particular objectives and the determination 680. Out of these 170 (25.00%) eggs consumed by respondent
of the study was explicitly explained to the farmers. The family and 510 (75.00%) eggs were sold out (Table 2).
question in the tool were offered to them in their individual
Table 1: Average income per year/ respondent (Rs)
understanding and Hindi confirming that they got the queries
properly so as to escape any interpretational disparity of the Parameters Particular Number
query by the farmers. The answerers obtained from Agriculture Grain production(q) 25.42
respondents were documented and only single respondent was Fodder production(q) 36.92
questioned at a time. Data so collected, tabulated and Income from grain sold 45748.30
Income from fodder sold 14769.40
analyzed as per standard statistical procedures of Snedecor
Total income 60517.70
and Cochran (1994).
Animal Animal sale 2.29
Income from animal 11764.97
Results and Discussion Average income from sold egg 4465.05
Economics of Poultry Farmers Average income from sold bird 14402.78
Figures on an average income per year per respondent due to Sum 18867.83
agriculture, animal husbandry and labor was 138350.15. Income from animals 30632.80
Out of these, agriculture occupy average income respondent Labour 43247.02
Rs. 60517.70. Further, earnings from the animal husbandry Agriculture 60517.70
per year per respondent was Rs 30632.80 and earnings from Business 3952.64
labor contributed 43247.02 Rs. (Table 1). In present study Overall income/family 138350.15

Table 2: Economics of backyard poultry rearer (Rs.)

S. No. Parameters Number
1. Expenditure on
I Charge of chicks Rs 525
II Charge of feeding Rs 4050
III Charge of house and equipment Rs 5100
Total (Rs) 9675
2. Average number of produced eggs /year/family 680
3. Average number of consumed eggs 170 (25.00%)
4. Average number of sold eggs 510 (75.00%)
5. Average number of birds reared/recipients no. 38.91
6. Average number of consumed birds 10.11
7. Average number of birds sold 28.81
8. Average income from sold egg (Rs) 4465.05
9. Average income from sold bird (Rs) 14402.78
Total 18867.83
BC ratio/recipients
1. Total benefits 18867.83
2. Total charge 9675.00
3. B/C ratio 1:1.95

The mean number of eggs consumed and sold per year were noticed that economic return of recipients ranged from Rs
110 and 570, respectively. However, Singh et al. (2003) [8] 100-300 per month which was the similar findings of present
reported higher number of eggs consumed per week (9.45) as investigation. The total benefit/charge ratio per family was
compared to the present study. The mean number of fowls 1:1.95. Shettar and Jadhav (1999) [10] discovered lower
disbursed and sold per year was 10.11 and 28.21, benefit/charge ratio (1:1.13) as related to the present research
respectively. Benabdeljelil et al. (2005) described that on rearing broilers. Reddy et al. (2017) [7] reported that the
consuming or selling the fowls were 0-20 birds. The mean income generated from the eggs is Rs 360 and from meat
income/year/ respondent owing to agriculture, animal Rs180, total of Rs 540.The net income generated from
husbandry and from labour was Rs 18867.83. These findings individual bird is Rs 475. Each female beneficiary generated
were contradictory by Singh and Jilani (2005) [9] who noticed about Rs 21, 375 from 45 birds. The average number of eggs
the yearly income of farmers was less than Rs 10,000. The laid/year/family was 680. Similarly, Ekunwe et al. (2010) [5]
expenses on nurturing of poultry birds per recipients reported that backyard poultry production (layers) is a
(including charge of chicks, feeding, house, equipment, etc.) profitable venture in the Nigeria with net profit of N 271.95
was Rs9675. Total earnings produced from eggs and bird sold (2.36) per bird.
year-1 was Rs18867.83. Similarly, Singh et al. (2003) [8]
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Constraints the main constraints. Further, Barua and Yoshimura (1997) [2]
In the area of investigation, it was exposed that there are nine discovered that scarcity of feed and high occurrence of
major constraints faced by the poultry farmers. Predators disease as key problems.
problems was the major problems in the area. On the other
hand, most of recipients (66.85 per cent) express non Table 3: Constraints faced by farmers
availability of balanced poultry feeds as the major constraints S. No. Constraints Observed MPS Rank
subsequently occurrence of infection (65.55 per cent). Most of (a) Predators problems 68.90 1
recipients of study area placed constraints as developed breed (b) Disease occurrence 65.55 3
availability, non availability of veterinary officer, lack of (c) Non availability of veterinary officer 60.30 5
credit facility for poultry farm, lack of market facility for sale (d) Availability of balanced poultry feeds 66.85 2
of poultry products and training facility for poultry farmers (e) Developed breed Availability 64.50 4
rank on 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th position (Table 3). Lack of market availability for sale of
(f) 48.00 7
It was discovered that market for trade of poultry product was poultry products
main problems in the study areas, as there is no trade facility (g) Lack of credit facility for poultry farm 52.20 6
in selected areas under investigation. These results are in (h) Training facility for poultry farm 46.00 8
agreement with the results of Bhattu et al. (1999) [3] and
Benabdejelil et al. (2005). Instead of most (46.25%) of Suggestions for Suitable Backyard Poultry Management
recipients showed availability of developed strain of bird as a to overcome Constraints
main constraints in study area. The consequences of current Some of the suggestions are: - 1) Timely availability of
research are in agreement with the reports of Sing and Jilani mineral mixture for birds. 2) Developed breeds of poultry
(2005) [9] and Mandal et al. (2006) [6]. Maximum recipients of should be provided at minimum charge. 3) Balance ration for
research area placed problems as infection occurrence, poultry. 4) Training for poultry rearing farmers should also be
predators, fitness service and feed accessibility on rank II, III, provided. 5) Timely vaccination facility should be provided
IV and V. Similarly Mandal et al. (2006) [6] reported high by the government and medicines. 6) Credit facility should be
occurrence of disease and predators as key constraints. provided to the poultry farmers. 7) Market facility should also
Though Conroy et al. (2005) [4] reported the predation as main be therefore selling of poultry products. 8) Developed
as, or more important than infection. Thakre and Sarkar feederer and waterer should be easily available for poultry
(2004) [11] perceived that lake of health care facility as one of farmers.

Table 4: Suggestions of poultry management practices

S. No. Suggestions MPS
I Timely availability of mineral mixture 83.89
II Timely vaccination facility should be provided by the government 82.22
III Developed breeds of poultry should be provided at low charge 82.96
IV Market facility should also be therefore selling of poultry products 81.48
V Credit facility should be provided to the poultry farmers 82.04
VI Developed feederer and waterer should be made available for poultry farmers 79.81
VII Training for poultry farmers should also be provided 82.41
VIII Balance ration should be provided to poultry bird 82.59
Overall 82.18

Conclusion wise constraints encountered by broiler farmers in

The study concluded that yearly income noted through poultry Haryana. Indian Journal of Animal Research
keeping was 18868 in per household and over all yearly 1999;33:131-133.
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rearing developed breed of fowls as backyard poultry Shindey D, Singh LR et al. The significance of
experienced an economic upliftment along with mitigation of production as a constraint in scavenging poultry systems:
nutritious grade due to maximum production and maximum some finding from India. Livestock Research for Rural
mass attained by males of developed strain as related to those Development 2005;17(6):70.
keeping native birds. Some constraints faced by the poultry 5. Ekunwe P, Fabge O, Oyedeji JO, Emokaro EO.
farmers i.e. improved breed availability, non availability of Economics of backyard poultry production in Akure
veterinary officer, lack of credit facility for poultry shed, lack South Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria.
of market facility for sale of poultry products and training Ghana Journal of Agriculture Sciences 2010;42:15-23.
facility. Predators problems was the major problems in trible 6. Mandal MK, Khandekar N, Khandekar P. Backyard
area of Dungarpur. poultry farming in Bareily district of Uttar Pradesh, India:
an analys’s. Livestock Research for Rural Development
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