Transport in Animals

Exam Paper

Duration-1 Hour M.M=60

This document consists of 15 printed pages .

Page 1 of 15
1 What is the correct sequence for blood being pumped from the heart to the lungs?

A left atrium → left ventricle → pulmonary artery

B left atrium → left ventricle → pulmonary vein

C right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery

D right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary vein

2 Why is the circulatory system of mammals described as a double circulation?

A Blood flows firstly through arteries and then through veins.

B Blood flows through the heart twice on one complete circuit of the body.
C In the heart, blood flows firstly through atria and then through ventricles.
D The atria and the ventricles contract alternately.

3 The diagram shows a specialised cell cut in half.

What does this diagram indicate about the structure of this cell?

A The cell has a cell wall.

B The cell is concave on each side.
C The cell is long and thin.
D The cell is red and carries oxygen.

Page 2 of 15
4 The diagrams show four different stages in one heart beat.

P Q

key
direction in which
blood is moving
R S

What is the correct order for the stages after stage P?

A Q→R→S

B R→Q→S

C R→S→Q

D S→R→Q

5 Which statement is correct for most veins in the human body?

A They carry blood at high pressure.

B They have a pulse.
C They have valves.
D They take blood away from the heart.

Page 3 of 15
 6 The diagram shows a vertical section through a human heart.

What are X and Y?

X Y

A left atrium right ventricle

B left ventricle right atrium
C right atrium left ventricle
D right ventricle left atrium

7 The diagrams show some components of the blood of a mammal.

Which component causes the blood to start clotting?

A B C D

Page 4 of 15
 8 Which row shows the chambers of the heart, from those with the thickest walls to those with the
thinnest walls?

thickest thinnest

A atria left ventricle right ventricle

B atria right ventricle left ventricle
C left ventricle right ventricle atria
D right ventricle left ventricle atria

9 Why is aspirin sometimes used as a drug to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease?

A It reduces blood pressure.

B It reduces pain.
C It reduces the tendency for blood to clot.
D It relaxes artery walls.

10 The diagram shows a section through the human heart.

Which is the right atrioventricular valve?

B C

A
D

11 What is the function of lymphocytes in the blood?

A antibody production
B blood clotting
C phagocytosis
D transport of hormones

Page 5 of 15
 12 What is the fluid in the blood called?

A lymph
B mucus
C plasma
D tissue fluid

13 What is a method of reducing the risk of coronary heart disease?

A angioplasty
B ‘by-pass’ surgery
C controlled exercise
D inserting a stent

14 The diagram shows a garden pond with a fountain worked by a pump. The fountain brings
oxygen from the air to fish in the pond.

P
water pump

The system can be compared with part of the human circulatory system. The pump is compared
with the heart.

What are P and Q compared with?

P Q

A aorta pulmonary artery

B pulmonary artery vena cava
C pulmonary vein vena cava
D vena cava aorta

Page 6 of 15
 15 What happens when the left ventricle contracts?

atrioventricular semilunar
valves valves

A closed closed
B closed open
C open closed
D open open

16 The diagram shows human blood cells, as seen under a microscope.

What is the function of cell X?

A to carry glucose
B to carry oxygen
C to defend against disease
D to make the blood clot

17 What is a correct function of the lymphatic system?

A protects body from heat loss

B protects body from infection
C transports blood to lymph nodes
D transports urea to the kidneys

18 Which change occurs during blood clotting?

A fibrinogen to fibrin
B glucose to glycogen
C haemoglobin to oxyhaemoglobin
D maltose to glucose

Page 7 of 15
1 Mammals have a double circulation.

(a) State what is meant by the term double circulation.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Table 4.1 shows some information about the functions of the components of blood.

Complete Table 4.1.

Table 4.1

function type of cell

production of antibodies

phagocyte

promotes blood clotting

transports oxygen

[4]

(c) Blood is transported in arteries and veins.

Complete the drawings of the cross-sections of an artery and a vein to show the differences
between these two types of blood vessel. Label the lumen in each drawing.

artery vein

[2]

[Turn over
Page 8 of 15
(d) A diagram of a mammalian heart and associated blood vessels is shown in Fig. 4.1.

A
L

J D

Fig. 4.1

(i) Sketch arrows on Fig. 4.1 to show the pathway taken by deoxygenated blood from the
heart towards the lungs. [2]

Page 9 of 15
 (ii) Table 4.2 contains statements about the structures visible in Fig. 4.1.

Complete Table 4.2 by:

• stating the name of each structure

• identifying the structure with the corresponding letter from Fig. 4.1.

Table 4.2

statement name of structure letter from Fig. 4.1

chamber that creates the highest
blood pressure
blood vessel containing blood with
the highest concentration of oxygen
structure that prevents blood going
from ventricle to atrium
structure that prevents backflow of
blood from artery to ventricle
chamber that receives blood from
vena cava
[5]

(e) Mammals also have a lymphatic system.

Outline the functions of the lymphatic system.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 17]

[Turn over
Page 10 of 15
2 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows the human heart and the main blood vessels. The functions of the parts of the
heart and some of the blood vessels are given in Table 1.1.

J
C

D
H

E
G

Fig. 1.1
Complete Table 1.1.

One row has been done for you.

Table 1.1
function letter on name
Fig. 1.1

structure that separates oxygenated and

deoxygenated blood

structure that prevents backflow of blood

from ventricle to atrium

blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood A aorta

blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood

structure that prevents backflow of blood

from pulmonary artery to right ventricle

chamber of the heart that contains oxygenated blood

chamber of the heart that contains deoxygenated blood

Page 11 of 15 [6]
(b) A group of students used a heart monitor to record the pulse rate of an athlete during a 5000
metre race. The recordings started just before the race began and ended just after it had
finished, as shown in Fig. 1.2.

start of race end of race

180

160

140

120

pulse rate 100

/ beats per
minute 80

60

40

20

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
time / min

Fig. 1.2

(i) Use data from Fig. 1.2 to describe the effect of exercise on the pulse rate of the athlete.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [3]

Page 12 of 15
(ii) Explain the change in pulse rate between 2 minutes and 3 minutes after the recordings
started.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [4]

[Total: 13]

[Turn over

Page 13 of 15
3 Fig. 2.1 is a photomicrograph of some blood cells.

phagocytes

nuclei

lymphocyte

red blood cells

magnification ×1500

Fig. 2.1

(a) (i) State two visible differences between the red blood cells and the white blood cells
(phagocytes and lymphocytes) in Fig. 2.1.

1 .......................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

2 .......................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) Make a large drawing of the two cells labelled phagocytes in Fig. 2.1.

[4]

Page 14 of 15
(b) (i) Measure the diameters of the three marked blood cells, along both the lines drawn on
each of the cells, in Fig. 2.1. Record these measurements in Table 2.1.

Add the missing units to Table 2.1.

Calculate the average diameter for each type of blood cell and write your results in
Table 2.1.

Table 2.1

diameter 1 diameter 2 average diameter

type of blood cell
/ ............... / ............... / ...............

red blood cell

lymphocyte

phagocyte

[3]

(ii) Calculate the actual average diameter of the red blood cell using your answer in 2(b)(i)
and the following equation.

average diameter of the red blood cell in Fig. 2.1

magnification =
actual average diameter of the red blood cell

Give your answer in micrometres (μm) to the nearest whole number. 1 mm = 1000 μm

Show your working.

...........................................................μm
[3]

[Total: 12]

Page 15 of 15