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CHEM 101 Tutorial L3(2)

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9 views

CHEM 101 Tutorial L3(2)

revision

Uploaded by

tshetlholon3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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CHEM 101 Tutorial L3

Chemical Reactions & Stoichiometry

1. Write the balanced reaction equations by inspection:


a) SO3 → SO2 + O2;
b) NO2 + H2O → HNO3 + NO;
c) P2H4 → PH3 + P4.
2. Write balanced chemical equations based on the information given.
a) Nitrogen monoxide gas + oxygen gas → nitrogen dioxide gas;
b) Complete combustion of C4H10 in excess oxygen;
c) Solid potassium chlorate → solid potassium chloride + oxygen gas.
3. In an experiment, 0.689 g Cr(s) reacts completely with 0.636 g O2(g) to form a
single solid compound. Show a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
4. A 3.104 g sample of an oxide for manganese contains 1.142 grams oxygen.
Show a balanced chemical equation for the reaction that produces the
compound from Mn(s) and O2(g).
5. A laboratory method of preparing O2(g) involves the decomposition of
KClO3(s).
∆
2 KClO3(s) → 2 KCl(s) + 3 O2(g)
a) Predict how many moles of O2(g) can be produced by the
decomposition of 32.8 g KClO3.
b) Calculate the amount of KClO3 in grams that must decompose to
produce 50.0 g O2.
c) Compute the amount of KCl in grams that is formed, together with 28.3
g O2, in decomposition of KClO3.
6. Calculate the molarities of the following solutes when dissolved in water.
a) 7.69 mmol CH3CH2OH (ethanol) in 50.00 mL of solution.
b) 57.5 g (CH3)2CO (acetone) in 525 mL of solution.
c) 18.5 mL of C3H5(OH)3 (ρ = 1.26 g/mL) in 375 mL of solution.
d) Urea, CO(NH2)2, if 98.3 mg of the 97.9% pure solid is dissolved in 5.00
mL of aqueous solution.
7. Calculate the amount of glucose, C6H12O6, in grams that must be dissolved in
water to produce 75.0 mL of 0.350 M C6H12O6.
8. Compute the amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid solution, conc.
HCl(aq) (36.0% HCl by mass; ρ = 1.18 g/mL), in millimetres required to
produce 12.0 L of 0.234 M HCl.
9. Examine which has the higher concentration of sucrose, C12H22O11: a 46%
sucrose solution by mass (ρ = 1.21 g/mL), or 1.50 M C12H22O11. Explain your
reasoning.

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10. Excess NaHCO3 is added to 525 mL of 0.220 M Cu(NO3)2. These substances
react as follows:
Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2 NaHCO3(s) → CuCO3(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Compute:
a) the amount of NaHCO3(s) in grams that will be consumed.
b) the amount of CuCO3(s) in grams that will be produced.
11. Calculate the amount in millilitres of 0.650 M K2CrO4 that are needed to
precipitate all the silver in 415 mL of 0.186 M AgNO3 as Ag2CrO4(s).
2 AgNO3(aq) + K2CrO4(aq) → Ag2CrO4(s) + 2 KNO3(aq).

12. Exactly 1.00 mL of an aqueous solution of HNO3 is diluted to 100.0 mL. It takes
29.78 mL of 0.0142 M Ca(OH)2 to convert all of the HNO3 to Ca(NO3)2. Other
product of the reaction is water. Calculate the molarity of the undiluted HNO3
solution.
13. Predict how many moles of NO(g) can be produced in the reaction of 3.00 mol
NH3(g) and 4.00 mol O2(g).
∆
4 NH3(g) + 5 O2(g) → 4 NO(g) + 6 H2O(l)

14. A 0.696 mol sample of Cu is added to 136 mL of 6.0 M HNO3. Assuming the
following reaction is the only one that occurs, indicate if Cu will react
completely.
3 Cu(s) + 8 HNO3(aq) → 3 Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 4 H2O(l) + 2 NO(g)
15. Calculate the amount in grams of H2(g) that are produced by the reaction of
1.84 g Al with 75.0 mL of 2.95 M HCl.
16. In the reaction of 277 g CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride) with excess of HF, 187 g
CCl2F2 is obtained. Compute the (a) theoretical, (b) actual, and (c) percent
yields of this reaction.
CCl4 + 2 HF → CCl2F2 + 2 HCl

17. Predict how many grams of commercial acetic acid (97% CH3COOH by mass)
must be allowed to react with an excess of PCl3 to produce 75 g of acetyl
chloride (CH3COCl) if the reaction has a 78.2% yield.
CH3COOH + PCl3 → CH3COCl + H3PO3 (not balanced)

18. Compute the amount of HCl in grams consumed in the reaction of 425 g of a
mixture containing 35.2% MgCO3 and 64.8% Mg(OH)2, by mass.

Mg(OH)2 + 2 HCl → MgCl2 + 2 H2O

MgCO3 + 2 HCl → MgCl2 + H2O + CO2

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