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18 views

chem practical hints

Uploaded by

yogeswaranvelu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHEMISTRY BOARD PRACTICALS – LIST OF CONTENTS TO BE PRESENTED IN THE PAPER

EXPERIMENT NO: 1 – VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS : ( ANY ONE)

i) KMnO4 Vs FAS ( MOHR’S SALT)

ii) KMnO4 Vs OXALIC ACID

LIST OF POINTS/ HEADINGS TO BE WRITTEN:

1. Aim
2. Materials required ( apparatus & chemicals lists)
3. Ionic equations ( three reactions)
4. Simple procedure with headings ( tabular column format)
5. Weight calculation
6. Tabular column with headings( for all volumes, ml must be mentioned)
7. Calculation:
a) Molarity calculation with formulas
b) Strength calculation with formulas
8. Results:
a) Molarity value with unit
b) Strength values with unit

POINTS TO BE FOCUSSED FOR VIVA :

Definition for volumetric analysis (titration), standard solution, redox titration, molarity , ionic equation for
both experiments, molecular mass , weight calculation & formulas for both salts (FAS, oxalic acid, KMnO 4), reason
for addition of sulphuric acid to prepare std. mohrs salt solution, end point colour etc.,.

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EXPERIMENT NO: 2 – IO SALT ANALYSIS

LIST OF SALTS:
1. AMMONIUM CHLORIDE - NH4Cl
2. AMMONIUM CARBONATE (NH4)2CO3
3. LEAD NITRATE – Pb(NO3)2
4. ALUMINIUM NITRATE – Al (NO3)3
5. ZINC SULPHATE – ZnSO4
6. BARIUM CHLORIDE – BaCl2
7. MAGNESIUM SULPHATE – MgSO4
8. AMMONIUM SULPHATE – (NH4)2SO4

ACID RADICALS (ANIONS) : BASIC RADICALS ( CATIONS)


-
1. CHLORIDE - (Cl ) 1. ZERO GROUP - (NH4 +)
2. CARBONATE - ( CO3 2-) 2. FIRST GROUP - (Pb 2+)
3. NITRATE - ( NO3 -) 3. SECOND GROUP - (Cu 2+)
4. SULPHATE( SO4 2-) 4. THIRD GROUP - ( Al 3+)
5. FOURTH GROUP - ( Zn 2+)
6. FIFTH GROUP - ( Ba 2+ , Ca 2+ )
7. SIXTH GROUP – ( Mg 2+)
LIST OF CONFIRMATORY TESTS TO BE DONE / NOTED FOR DOING SALT ANALYSIS:

CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ACID RADICALS (ANIONS) :

PREPARATION OF WET EXTRACT (WE): Dissolve the substance with few ml of distilled water. If salt
not dissolved, dissolve in acids (dil.HCl or nitric acid) – this is called wet extract.
-
1. CHLORIDE - (Cl ) - CHROMYL CHLORIDE TEST OR SILVER NITRATE TEST]

Note: for chloride analysis, take dry salt only.


2. CARBONATE - ( CO3 2-) - DILUTE HCl TEST
3. NITRATE - ( NO3 -) - BROWN RING TEST OR COPPER TURNINGS TEST
2-
4. SULPHATE( SO4 ) - LEAD ACETATE TEST

CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR BASIC RADICALS (CATIONS)

PREPARATION OF ORIGINAL SOLUTION(OS) : Dissolve the substance with few ml of distilled


water. If salt not dissolved, dissolve in acids (dil.HCl or nitric acid) – this is called original solution.

1. ZERO GROUP - (NH4 +) - NESSLER’S REAGENT TEST – BROWN PRECIPITATE


2. FIRST GROUP - (Pb 2+) - POTASSIUM CHROMATE OR POTASSIUM IODIDE TEST – YELLOW
PRECIPITATE
3. SECOND GROUP - (Cu 2+) - WILL NOT BE GIVEN – COLURED SALTS
4. THIRD GROUP - ( Al 3+) - ALUMINON REAGENT TEST – BRIGHT RED LAKE OBSERVED
5. FOURTH GROUP - ( Zn 2+) – POTASSIUM FERROCYANIDE TEST – WHITE OR BLUISH WHITE
PRECIPITATE
6. FIFTH GROUP - ( Ba 2+ , Ca 2+ ) – POTASSIUM CHROMATE TEST – YELLOW PRECIPITATE FOR
BARIUM , YELLOW COLOURED SOLUTION FOR CALCIUM.
7. SIXTH GROUP - ( Mg 2+) - MAGNESON REAGENT TEST – BLUE LAKE COLOUR

LIST OF POINTS / HEADINGS TO BE WRITTEN FOR SALT ANALYSIS:

1. PRELIMINARY TESTS
2. IDENTIFICATION ANALYSIS FOR ALL ACID RADICALS
3. WET EXTRACT PREPARATION
4. CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR CONCERN ACID RADICALS ONLY
5. PREPARATION OF ORIGINAL SOLUTION
6. ANALYSIS OF ALL GROUP BASIC RADICALS ( BASED ON YOUR SALTS -
WRITE IT UPTO YOUR BASIC RADICAL GROUP)
7. CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR CONCERN BASIC RADICALS ONLY
8. RESULTS: ( NAME WITH FORMULAS)
a. NAME OF GIVEN ACID RADICAL –
b. NAME OF GIVEN BASIC RADICAL –
c. NAME OF GIVEN SALT –

POINTS TO BE FOCUSSED FOR VIVA: Flame test , ash test, action of heat  colour / observation
with radicals name. All group radicals name, confirmatory tests & formulas for all acid and basic
radicals.

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EXPERIMENT NO: 3 – CONTENT BASED EXPERIMENTS : ( ANY ONE)

1. FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS


2. FOOD ANALYSIS ( TEST FOR CARBOHYDRATES AND STARCH)

1) LIST OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS & TESTS:


1. ALCOHOL (-OH) – ESTER TEST OR CERIC AMMONIUM NITRATE TEST
2. PHENOL (-OH) – NEUTRAL FERRIC CHLORIDE TEST
3. ALDEHYDE (-CHO) – SCHIFF’S TEST OR TOLLEN’S TEST
4. KETONE (-CO) – m-DINITROBENZENE TEST
5. ACID (-COOH) – SODIUM BICARBONATE TEST

LIST OF POINTS / HEADINGS TO BE WRITTEN FOR FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS:

1. PRELIMINARY TEST( COMMON FOR ALL FUNCTIONAL GROUP)


a. COLOUR
b. ODOUR
c. LITMUST TEST
d. TEST FOR ALIPHATIC OR AROMATIC
e. TEST FOR SATURATED OR UNSATURATED ( ANY ONE TEST)
2. IDENTIFICATION TEST FOR CONCERN FUNCTIONAL GROUP
3. CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR CONCERN FUNCTIONAL GROUP
4. REPORT: FUNCTIONAL GROUP FORMULA
ALIPHATIC OR AROMATIC
SATURATED OR UNSATURATED

2) LIST OF FOOD ANALYSIS & TESTS:


1. GLUCOSE OR SUCROSE - MOLISCH’S TEST, FEHLING’S TEST, BENEDICTS
TEST , TOLLEN’S TEST ( ANY TWO)
2. STARCH - IODINE TEST

LIST OF POINTS / HEADINGS TO BE WRITTEN FOR FOOD ANALYSIS:

1. AIM
2. REQUIREMENTS
3. PROCEDURE – TESTS & RESULT  ANY TWO TESTS FOR CARBOHYDRATES. IODINE
TEST FOR STARCH
4. OBSERVATION & CONCLUSION – TABULAR COLUMN

POINTS TO BE FOCUSSED FOR VIVA: All functional groups tests  colour / observation with formulas,
equations, test to distinguish organic compounds (refer theory based questions). All functional group, food
analysis confirmatory tests, refer biomolecules chapter – definition of carbohydrates, structures etc.,

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