Learner’s Activity Sheet

Mathematics

Name: _____________________________________ Grade and Section: ________________

Teacher: ___________________________________ Date: ______________________________
School: __________________________________________________________________________

Dear Learner,
Good day!
In this week, you will pose real-life problems that can be solved by
Statistics (M7SPIVa-2).
Specifically, you are expected to:

1. Demonstrate knowledge of statistical terms;

2. Identify the type of data and basic sampling techniques;
3. Determine whether the following is a statistical question.

In this lesson, developing critical thinking skills through statistics is

being integrated.
Your Teacher

Introduction to Elementary Statistics

Instructions: Read and analyze the Pulse Asia survey

Activity 1 results. Then answer the questions that follow.
(2 pts each x 4 = 8 pts)

The Pulse Asia Research Inc. conducted a Presidential Poll last

February 18-23, 2022, and surveyed 2,400 adults aged 18 and above who
are registered voters likely to cast their ballots this May 9. The survey
asked who they would vote for if the elections were held on the day they
were polled. The results of the poll are shown below.

https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2022/3/14/Pulse-Asia-February-18-23-survey-2022-elections.html

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 1. Who conducted the Presidential poll?
__________
2. Based on the survey, who is the top choice for President?
__________
3. When was the presidential poll conducted? __________
4. How many respondents were surveyed? __________

Activity 3 Instructions: Read and understand the concept of Statistics.

(Please practice your writing skills by copying important points of your

lesson on your notebook)
A. Statistics and Basic Terms
What is Statistics? Why do we need to study statistics? What are the
uses of statistics in our daily lives?

Statistics is a scientific body of knowledge that deals with the collection,

organization, presentation, interpretation, and analysis of data.

 Collection refers to the gathering of information or data.

 Organization or presentation involves summarizing data in
graphical, tabular or textual forms.
 Analysis involves describing the data using statistical methods
and procedures.
 Interpretation refers to the process of making conclusions
based on the presented data.

Importance of Statistics

The study of statistics is important because society frequently

organizes and expresses data numerically. We are exposed to statistics
every day from weather predictions, newspaper ads, election results,
surveys, etc.

 Statistics is used in business to observe patterns and behaviors of

sales, forecast trends, and project future economic activity. It is also
used in the areas of finance, marketing, production, promotion and
advertising.

 In medicine, statistics is used to evaluate the effectiveness of newly-

formulated medicines. It is used to determine the effects of certain
treatments to human behavior.

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  In school, statistics is used to determine the effectiveness of a
teaching strategy through analysis of test scores of students. It is
also used to identify enrolment figures, rate of absenteeism of
students, IQ scores of students, results of standardized tests, and
many more.

 In government, statistics is used to assess the opinions and

preference of the public on issues or even on candidates during
election.
These reasons can be considered the goals for studying statistics.
It is the purpose of this module to introduce the goals for studying
statistics by answering questions such as the following:

What are the branches of statistics?

What are data?
How are samples selected?
How statistics can be used to solve real-life problems?
Two Branches of Statistics

Data can be used in different ways. The body of knowledge called

statistics is sometimes divided into two main areas, depending on how
data are used. The two areas are:
1. Descriptive statistics
Descriptive statistics consists of the collection, organization,
summarization, and presentation of data.

2. Inferential statistics
Inferential statistics consists of generalizing from samples to
populations, performing, estimations and hypothesis tests,
determining relationships among variables, and making
predictions.

Common Terms in Statistics

A population is a complete collection of all elements (scores, people…)
to be studied.
A census is a collection of data from every element in a population.
A sample is a sub-collection of elements drawn from a population.
Example 1: Identify the population and sample for the given situation.
A scientist is investigating the effectiveness of a new drug to relieve
the symptoms of Coronavirus. He administers the drug to 100 adults.

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Solution: The population is all adults who would try the drug in the
future.
The sample is the 100 chosen adults.

What are data?

Data are facts or a set of information or observations under study. Data

are gathered from a population or from a sample. Data may be classified
as quantitative or qualitative.
Qualitative data are data which can assume values that manifest the
concept of attributes. These are categories which differ according to the
characteristics they possess. These data cannot be meaningfully added,
subtracted, multiplied or divided. Date of birth, code number, zip code,
telephone numbers are examples of qualitative data.

Quantitative data are data which are numerical in nature. They indicate
how much of a given characteristic an individual, object, or event
possesses. These data can be subjected to arithmetic operations. Data
such as age, weekly allowance, height, size of family are examples of
quantitative data.

A variable is a quantity which may take on different values. It is a

characteristic of a population or a sample which makes the members
different from each other. Variables can either be discrete or
continuous.

A discrete variable is a variable whose values are obtained through the

process of counting. These are variables that can assume finite number of
values. Examples are the number of chairs in the classroom, the number
of teachers in the school, the number of pots in the hallway.

A continuous variable is a variable that does not fall under the category
of discrete. These are variables that can be obtained through the process of
measuring. Continuous variables can assume any value within a specified
interval or range. Examples are height, weight, time and temperature.

Sampling Techniques
1. In random sample, each member of the population has an equally
likely chance of being selected. The members of the sample are
chosen independently of each other.
2. A convenience sample is a type of sample that is chosen so that it
will be easy for the researcher.

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 3. In a stratified random sample, the population is divided into
subgroups, so that each population member is in only one subgroup.
In this type of sample, individuals are chosen randomly from each
subgroup.
4. A cluster sample is a type of sample that consists of items in a
group such as a neighborhood or a household. The group may be
chosen at random.
5. A systematic random is obtained using an ordered list of
population, thus selecting members systematically from the list.

Example 2
A Mathematics teacher plans to choose four students from the Math
Club to be in publicity photo. How could the teacher choose the four
students?
Solution:
1. The Math teacher could put the names of all the students in a box,
mix the names without looking. This is an example of random
sample.
2. The Math teacher could choose the four students who are seated in
the fourth row. This an example of convenience sample.
3. The Math teacher could mix the names of the boys and choose two
from the group. The teacher does the same for the girls. This is an
example of a stratified random sample.
4. The Math teacher could choose a group of four students in the
corner of last row. This is an example of cluster sample.

B. Identifying Statistical Questions

Do you know that statistics is about using data to answer questions?

In real life, we might encounter many problems. In order to solve

those problems, we may have a series of questions. If you investigate
these questions, some of these are statistical and some are not.
A statistical question is one that can be answered by collecting
data that varies from each other. This means that not all the values of the
data are the same.
There are two types of data: quantitative (numerical) and
qualitative (categorical).

Types of Data Definition Examples

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 Quantitative every value in the set is a 1,2,4,…
(Numerical) number.
Qualitative can be taken on non-numerical Small
(Categorical) values such as names of colors, Medium
labels, and others. Large
Red

Another Example: Identify each of the following data sets as categorical

(C) or numerical (N).
1. Heights of the Grade 7 students
2. Favorite flavor of ice cream for each Grade 7 student
3. Hours of sleep on a school night for Grade 7 students
4. Eye color for each Grade 7 student
5. Number of pencils in each pencil case of the Grade 7 students
Here are the answers to the given examples above.

Types of Data Reasons

1. Numerical (N) The answer is a number.

2. Categorical (C) The answer is a flavor which is not a number.
3. Numerical(N) An amount of hours sleep is a number.
4. Categorical (C) A color is not a number.
5. Numerical (N) A quantity of pencil is a number

Remember:

Statistics is about using data to answer question.

Example:

Naicko Vade, a Grade 7 student at Woo Juan National High

School loves to play basketball. He loves to collect basketball
cards. He has cards of current players and of players from past
seasons. With his teacher’s permission, Naicko Vade brings his
basketball card collection to school. Each card has a picture of
the current and past Most Valuable Players, along with the
information about the player. When he shows his cards to his
classmates, they asked Naicko Vade some questions about his
cards. The questions are:

a. How many cards does Naicko

6 Vade have?
b. What is the typical cost of a card in Naicko Vade’s
 Based on the questions of Naicko Vade’s classmates, he then
classifies which of these questions are statistical or not.

Questions Classifications Reasons

How many cards does
Naicko Vade have It has exact answer.
Not a Statistical
altogether?
What is the typical cost
A typical cost of a card
of a card in Naicko Statistical
may vary.
Vade’s collection?
Where did Naicko Vade
Not a Statistical It has exact answer.
get the cards?

Remember:

Statistical Questions are questions that should have

different answers. It can be recognized if the answer is a
percent,
What range orwill
if someone average.
ask you this question: How old are you?

This question is not statistical because it has an exact answer. But,

we can rewrite this question into statistical form as: How old are the
students in this classroom?

Now, try this.

Determine whether the question is statistical or not.
Questions Statistical or not
1. Who is my favorite movie star? Not Statistical
2. What are the favorite colors of the
Grade 7 students at Woo Juan National Statistical
High School?
3. What is the favorite subject of my Statistical

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 Grade 7 students?
4. What is my favorite color? Not Statistical
5. How many brothers and sisters does
Not Statistical
my best friend have?

There are also types of statistical questions. The diagram below

shows these types.
Types of Statistical
Questions

Summarizing Comparing Relationship

Question Question Question

Now, let us consider the following statistical questions.

1. How many hours per month do students in Special Science Class

spend studying?
2. Do the students in Special Science class spend more time in sports
than studying?
3. Do students who spend more time playing sports do better in the
Periodical Examination?

Take a look at this!

Statistical
Types Reasons
Questions
1. How many hours The average number of hours
per month do spent studying is an example
students in of summarizing questions.
Summarizin
Special Science
g
Class spend
studying?
2. Do the students This involves comparing two
in Special sets of data with a common
Science class attribute like comparing the
Comparing
spend more results of the time students
time at sports spend in playing sports and
than they do studying.
studying?

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 3. Do students who It talks about the relationship
Relationshi
spend more between the time spent in
p
time playing playing sports and the result of
sports do better the exam.
in exam?

Instructions: Identify the words or phrases that

Activity represent the population and sample. Underline the
4.1 population once and the sample twice (2pts each x 3 =
6pts).

1. The scientist is investigating the effectiveness of the new drug to

relieve stress for all adults. He administers the drug to 50 adults.
2. When Mrs. Millanes buys a cavan of rice for one-month consumption of
her family, she examines only a handful of rice from the cavan to find
out if it is of good quality or not.
3. The pineapple juice vendor wants to know the taste of the juice he is
preparing; he takes a glass filled with half full of juice.

Instructions: Identify each of the

Activity following data sets as categorical or
4.2 numerical. Write C if the data is
categorical and N if the data is numerical on your Answer
Sheet. Number 1 is done for you. (2 pts).

No Data Sets Answer

.
1. Arm spans of the Grade 7 students N
2. Number of languages spoken by each of 20 adults
3. Favorite sport of each person in a group of 20 adults

Instructions: Identify which type of

Activity sampling is used: random, stratified,
4.3 cluster, systematic or convenience.
Write the answer on the space before each number
(3pts).
__________ 1. An interviewer selects 5 males and 5 females from each of 4
the groups.
__________ 2. A psychologist surveys all students from each of 20 randomly
selected classes.
__________ 3. Smart selects 50th cell phone from the assembly line and
conduct a thorough test of quality.
Activity
5.1

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Instructions: Write SQ if it is a statistical question and NSQ if it is not.
Write your answer on your Answer Sheet. Number 1 is done for you. (3
pts).

No Questions Answer
.
1. How many letters are there in my last name? NSQ
2. What are the colors of the shoes worn by students in
Woo Juan National High School?
3. What is the maximum number of feet that roller
coasters drop during a ride?
4. How many hours of sleep per night do Grade 7
students usually get when they have school the next
day?

Activity 5.2 Instructions: Complete the table below by putting a

check mark ( / ) on the corresponding type of statistical
questions. Write your answer on your Answer Sheet.
Number 1 is done for you (2pts each x 2 = 4pts).

No Questions Summarizin Comparing Relationship

. g
1. How many hours per 
month do students
in Special Program
in Sports spend
studying?
2. Do the students in
Special Program in
Sports spend more
time at sports than
studying?
3. Do students who
spend more time
playing sports do
better in exam?

References:
Acosta, P.M. (2020). Alternative Delivery Mode Depertment of
Education Region 10.

Baylon, M.T. (2020). Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 4 - Module 1:

Problem Solving Involving Statistics. Department of Education
Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental.

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 Bluman, A. G. (2009). Elementary Statistics: A step by step approach.
McGraw-Hill, pp. 1-33.
K to 12 Most Essential Learning Competencies

Millanes, A.D. (2020). Quarter 4-Self-Learning Module 1: Statistics and

Basic Terms. Department of Education – Schools Division of Pasig
City.

CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that my child has successfully done all the
activities included in this Learning Activity Sheet.

_________________________________________ ____________________
Name and Signature of the Parent Date

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