PREPARED BY:

MS. MARY JOY L. PAJO

GUESS THE
GIBBERISH
KILL +LAME
KILL +LAME
=CLAIM
POLL+LIECE+SEA
POLL+LIECE+SEA
=POLICY
VALVE+HUE
-ve
VALVE+HUE
-ve
=VALUE
FAX+ACTS
-a
FAX+ACTS
-a
=FACTS
TYPES OF CLAIMS
PREPARED BY:
MS. MARY JOY L. PAJO
Comforting lies or
uncomfortable
truths,
which pill will you
swallow?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
1 2
Differentiate between Formulate claims
claims of fact, policy, of fact, policy, and
and value. value.
 CLAIM
A statement that is Beliefs or assertions
arguable or that are either
debatable. affirmed (agreed
upon) or refuted
(negated).
Claims are used to
defend our position Assertion open to
on topics. challenge.
 CLAIM OF FACT
A claim of fact asserts something
that can be proved or disproved
with factual evidence.
Asserts that something is true in the
past, present, or future.
Aim to make readers believe in what
you say.
Remember, do NOT state exact
facts, Just a claim that your
statement is a fact.
EXAMPLES:
Human activities are responsible for the extinction
of animals.
The economy fell as a result of the 1972 Martial
Law.
Increased violence among teenagers is attributed
to video games.
Learners tend to become lazy and dependent on
AIs.
It is anticipated that in a few decades, every
household will be powered by solar energy.
QUESTIONS TO ANSWER TO CHECK
IF A CLAIM IS A CLAIM OF FACT:
What happened?
Is it true?
Does it exist?
Can we investigate it through
research or interviews?
Did it happen?
 INAPPROPRIATE
CLAIM OF FACT APPROPRIATE
– a statistic or fact that is
CLAIM OF FACT
not debatable. – makes a claim that is
debatable using factual
“the month of March 2017 was evidence.
1.03°C (1.9°F) above the 20th century
average—this marked the first time Decreasing carbon dioxide
the monthly temperature departure emissions from car exhaust,
from average surpassed 1.0°C (1.8°F) manufacturing processes,
in the absence of an El Niño episode fertilizers, and landfills,
in the tropical Pacific Ocean.” while slowing deforestation,
may help slow the process of
(from the U.S. Department of Commerce’s National global warming.
Oceanic and Atmospheric Adminstration, NOAA,
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/global/201713 )
CLAIMS OF VALUE
A claim of value argues that
something is good or bad, or
that one thing is better than
another thing.
Focused on asserting personal
judgments and biases on what
is good or bad. Simply stating
your choices, options, or
preferences.
QUESTIONS TO ANSWER TO CHECK
IF A CLAIM IS A CLAIM OF VALUE:
Is it good or bad?
Is it moral or immoral? Who thinks so?
What do those people value?
What values or criteria should I use to
determine how good or bad?
EXAMPLES:
Leni Robredo is the best president
the Philippines never had.
TikTok is better than YouTube
shorts.
Siargao is the perfect place to visit
during summer.
CLAIMS OF POLICY
A claim of policy argues that certain
conditions should exist, or that
something should or should not be
done, in order to solve a problem.
Focused on suggesting what
must be or must not be done.
Proposing a course of action to
solve a problem.
A claim of policy usually has the
modals should, must, and ought to.
QUESTION TO ANSWER TO CHECK
IF A CLAIM IS A CLAIM OF POLICY:
What should we do?
How should we act?
What should be future policy?
How can we solve this problem?
What course of action should we
pursue?
EXAMPLES:
Given the rampant prevalence of
cyberbullying, parents need to stay vigilant
about their children's activities on social
media.
Schools should refrain from implementing
rules regarding haircuts as they are not
relevant to academics.
The Philippine government ought to prevent
China from persisting in its detrimental actions
within its maritime territories.
Identify whether the following claims is a FACT,
POLICY, or VALUE.
Write your answers on a clean sheet of paper.
1. TikTok should undergo censorship, privacy,
and child safety.
2. Blue light from screens has great effects on
the brain and it makes it more difficult to
sleep.
3. The death penalty should be abolished
because it does nothing to prevent
murder.
4. Legislation should be passed to stop the
sale of vape devices.
5. The age at which people can get a driver's
license must be raised to 18.
6. Global warming is a threat that must
be addressed.
7. It is immoral to steal from stores to
feed yourself or others.
8. You will have COVID-19 if you have low
body resistance.
9. Violent games can influence behavior
in some individuals.
10. Nurture plays a significant role in
shaping personality and behavior.
Give an example statement for
each type of claim. You can
select from various topics listed
below:
1. Artificial Intelligence (AI)
2. Haircut Policy
3. Good Moral and Right Conduct
(GMRC)
REFERENCES:
https://depedtambayan.net/wp-
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-esc-wm-
content/uploads/2021/11/English10_Q2_Mod5_FormulatingCl
englishcomposition1/chapter/types-of-claims/ aimsofFactPolicyandValue.pdf