Zeus a network tester for Utilities

the Path to Excellence

Zeus is a tester designed to GOOSE, SV, MMS
install and maintain the
communications in t he power Zeus has a set of programmable filters to
industry . It s upports legacy and capture live data traffic at wire-speed. You
new generation interfaces in can now analyze GOOSE, SV, MMS and
order to verify Ethernet / IP, other protocols to decode and save them
PTP, SyncE, ToD, IRIG-B, T1 /
Zeus Substation tester

in PCAP format or calculate propagation

E1, C37.94, RS-232, G703 and delay from local or remote substations.
check protocol s such as GOOSE,
SV or MMS. Therefore you wil l
get a perfect visi on and control “View, Verify, Maintain your
of your infras tructures improving
protection and data ac quisition. communication resources”

Communications needs
About Synchronization
Power Utilities usually have three net-
works (a) the corporate one based on Power Utility companies have strict timing
Ethernet / IP; (b) the WAN based on TDM, requirements that Zeus can test and ad-
MPLS, C37.94, T1/E1; and (c) the opera- just by means of advanced features that
tional consisting of a combination of IP, allow to measure and emulate PTP, IRIG-
RS-232, IRIG-B and the new IEC 61850 B, 1PPS, ToD, T1/E1. The internal oscilla-
protocols. tor of the tester can be OCXO or Rubidium
depending on the accuracy you need or
Step-by-step proprietary architectures are more particularly if you need to operate in
being replaced by standards relaying on hold-over mode.
optical Ethernet, so there is a clear need
for tools that can manage both old and
new interfaces. This is Zeus, a tester ca-
Protection
pable of verifying, activating and trouble-
A uninterrupted supply of energy requires
shooting all kinds of communications
protection functions to ensure the reliable
infrastructures including those that were
operation of the power system. With Zeus
installed in recent decades and the latest
you will fully test C37.94 systems measur-
that will be installed in the coming years.
ing frequency, events, one way delay, and
All together are transforming substations
all kind of events.
into a more flexible, robust and scalable
systems thanks to the integration and in-
terconnectivity of different manufacturers
using fibers and unified protocols.

© ALBEDO TELECOM - 2020

 Zeus a network tester for Utilities 2

Z eus at the Substation

Networks deployed by Utilities have special requirements that include synchroni-
zation, delay measurements, protocol analysis and event detection in order to as-
sure a quality service without interruptions.

GNSS

Grand
MasterMaster
clock Clock
6
Ethernet
ALBEDO ..1......pps 17:23 UTC
....... / TOD

0
4 Remote
Substation

i Test & Monitoring points

1 - GOOSE delay
2 - C37.94 MPLS-TP N
3 - E1/T1
4 - GbE
5 - MMS
6 - GNSS SCADA Control HMI SONET
7 - 1PPS 1 GOOSE k
8 - Eth/IP E
9 - MPLS Router T1/E1
3
A - PTP
B - NTP 2 C37.94
C - GOOSE GNSS 4 Multiplexer
5
D - PTP wander
1GbE
E - RS-232
F - SyncE
G - Codir (G703) 7 8 9
H - SV capture 6
I - GOOSE capture
J - One Way Delay Net.Time

k -100BASE-T A
L - IRIG-B L
STATION LEVEL
M - MbE
N - Round Trip Delay
O - PTP Power / Telecom
1GbE PRP
Q - GOOSE offset D
GOOSE

LAN B LAN A

MMS
R - PTP wander
1GbE Q Protocol
PTP Converser
C clock

E
B F Serial
IED
IED Data

Protection
RTU

C NTP - PTP BAY LEVEL

G F
SV

PTP
clock
PTP
R

I HSR ICU H
HSR J K
H
H 10MbE
MU

M
MU H

Switch VT CT VT CT
PROCESS LEVEL

Zeus provides deep insights to design, install, maintain, troubleshoot and commission communications, the foundation of the Smart Grid.
Joan d’Austria, 112
www.albedotelecom.com 08018 - Barcelona [email protected] in Test we trust
 Zeus a network tester for Utilities 3

Type Message Protocol Layer BWidth Max. Delay Priority Bus Model Application
1A Trip GOOSE L2 - Multicast Low < 3 to 10ms High Process Publisher Protection
1B Other GOOSE L2 - Multicast Low < 20 to 100ms High Process Publisher Control
2 Medium Speed MMS L3 - IP/TCP Low < 100 ms Medium Low Process & Station Client/Server SCADA
3 Low Speed MMS L3 - IP/TCP Low < 500 ms Medium Low Process & Station Client/Server SCADA data collection
4 Raw Data SV L2 - Multicast High < 3 to 10ms High Process Publisher Analysis, Protection
5 File Transfer MMS IP/TCP/FTP Medium < 1000 ms Low Process & Station Client/Server Management, data
Protection < 0,1 to 3ms
6 Timing PTP L2 - PTP Low Medium High Process & Station Unidirectional Synchrophasors, IED
Transformers ±1 to ±25us
7 Command MMS L3 - IP Low < 500 ms Medium Low Station Client/Server SCADA, configuration

Table 1. IEC-61850 protocols to synchronize, measure, exchange data, command and protect the grid that can be verified with Zeus.

The Smart Grid • Line protection schemes.

• Events recording.
ond of network interruption without
severely affecting operations that eventu-
• Synchro-phasors deployed across the ally could cause blackouts and even put
The electricity distribution scheme barely
WAN to monitor the power grid. endangered the safety of company's em-
changed during the first 100 years. Howev-
ployees. Consequently, an acceptance
er, with the arrival of new technologies the Zeus has a complete set of features for procedure is a must to verify the conditions
Smart Grid concept emerged in order to in- timcommissioning by means of measure- of all mission critical systems and protec-
crease the efficiency, robustness and qual- ments, analysis and protocol emulations of tions deployed across the power grid.
ity of the electricity provision. PTP, IRIG-B, GPS, SyncE, T1/E1, 1PPS.

Automation Resilience
Today power resources are connected A flexible and robust network is core of in-
telematically from generation plants and telligent substations that are capable of
substations to the customers. At the begin- guaranteeing the control and operation of
ning it was through SONET links and more mission-critical applications. Therefore, it
recently using Ethernet/IP or MPLS-TP is important to have advanced instruments
networks in order to satisfy all require- to verify, measure and adjust each protocol
ments to provide full control, security and
(C) ALBEDO TELECOM

according to the strict requirements de-

resilience of the utility services. fined by IEC 61850 regarding interconnec-
tivity, latency, symmetry and redundancy
However, automation goes beyond the tra- (see Table 1).
ditional SCADA as new technologies aims
to add capabilities that will improve the op- An additional challenge is how to design
eration control and efficiency and this is the reliable and redundant, while cost effec-
real foundation of the Smart Power Grid. tive, networks capable of recovering data
flows quickly after a failure to support appli-
Synchronization cations that do not tolerate even a millisec-
In substation automation many resources
require accurate synchronization ranging
from microseconds to milliseconds: KEY FEATURES

• Applications that use SV / GOOSE and • GOOSE, SV, MMS protocol

need to minimize latency. capture and save in PCAP
• Data acquisition at IED, RTU and MU. • GOOSE and SV time offset
• SCADA and the MMS protocol. and propagation delay
• IRIG-B / ToD / 1PPS support
APPLICATIONS • Compact and Autonomous
• One-Way-Delay with GPS in
• Communications design, ac- all interfaces
ceptance and commissioning
• PTP wander analys&genera
• IED acceptance and inter-
• TE calculation
connectivity
• C37.94 full test & emulation
• Certify migration to IP BENEFITS
• T1/E1 comprehensive test
• PTP, IRIG-B synchronization
impairments and testing • MPLS/TP support • Easy IEC-61850 migration
• Check Teleprotection • Codirectional G703 • Predefined substation tests
• Verify Delay Asymmetry • Optical / electrical interfaces • Ethernet / IP verification
• Asses Network Security • BER, Delay, Defects • Risk-less traffic control
• Data Interception Analysis • No Delay, Zero Packet Loss • Field tester with batteries

www.albedotelecom.com ALBEDO Telecom inc. [email protected] in Test we Trust

Zeus specification 4

Ethernet / IP
• 2xSFP: 1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX, 1000BASE-ZX, 1000BASE-BX, 100BASE-FX, 100BASE-TX
Interfaces • 2xRJ45: 1000BASE-T, 100BASE-T, 10BASE-T, PoE detection/ transparency
• Autonegotiation: Bit rate at 10, 100 and 1000 Mbit/s, Disable and direct set up
• Traffic generation and analysis features up to 1 Gb/s, equivalent to 1.5 millions of frames, if frame size is set to 64 bytes
Generation (8 streams) • VLAN: Single VLAN support, Q-in-Q stacking, VID, DEI, S-VLAN, C-VLAN, and Priority codepoint
• Bandwidth Profile: Constant, in bit/s and frames/s, Periodic Burst, in high/low traffic, Ramp, in high/low traffic, Random
Filters for Statistics • Ethernet Selection: MAC address, Type/Length, C-VID, S-VID, CoS and Priority with selection mask
(up to 8 simultaneously) • IPv4 and IPv6 Selection: address, protocol, DSCP, Flow (v6): single value or range. UDP Selection: port: single value or range
• Top 16 talkers: Sour/Dest MAC / IPv4 / IPv6 addresses, VID (VLAN), C-VID (Q in Q), S-VID (MPLS)
Traffic Statistics • Tx/Rx Uni-Multi-Broadcast, Errors, Undersized, Oversized, Fragments, Jabbers, Runts, (Late) Collisions, Sizes, MPLS stack length
• Bandwidth Statistics: (in bit/s, frame/s, %) Rate, Max, Min, Aver, Occupancy, Unicast, Multicast, Broadcast
• IPv4 & IPv6 counts: (in bit/s, frame/s, %) Unicast, Multicast, Broadcast, Errors, TCP, UDP, ICMP
• Twisted Cable: MDI/MDI-X status, Open, Cable Length Test, Short, Polarities, Pair Skew. PoE: voltage and current
Results (per stream & port) • Frame Delay (FTD) Y.1563: Min/Max/Med/Mean; Delay Variation (FDV) RFC1889: Frame Loss (FLR) Y.1563, RFC 5236
• Availability: SES and Y.1563 PEU; BER: Count, seconds with errors, Pattern losses, pattern loss seconds
• RFC 2544: Throughput, Latency, Frame Loss, Back-to-back, Recovery
Performance tests • eSAM: test up to 8 non-color or 4 color aware services. Configuration: CIR, EIR, max. throughput for each service
• RFC 6349: active/passive modes, MTU/MSS/BB configuration, Round-Trip Time, Window Sweep, Transfer Time, TCP efficiency, Buffer delay
ICMP • RFC 792: IP ping / Traceroute, Generation of ICMP echo request: Dest. IP address, Packet length, Generation interval
• Analysis of ICMP echo reply: Round trip time, Lost packets, Time-To-Live Exceeded, Port unreachable

IEC 61850
• Internal Oscillator: Rubidium or OCXO or default (<2.0 ppm) all disciplined to GNSS or alternative time references
Timing • Line Analysis: frequency (MHz), offset (ppm), drift (ppm/s) [clause 10]; Offset Generation: ±125 ppm (0.001 ppm) as per ITU-T O.174
• PTP wander analysis/generation [ITU-T O.174 section 8.4] and MTIE / TDEV measurement [ITU-T O.172 clause 10]
• SyncE analysis/generation / Decoding ESMC and SSM [ITU-T G.8264]
IRIG-B • IRIG-B00X, B12X, B13X, B14X, B15X, B22X unbalanced (REF IN/OUT port)
• IRIG-B00X, B22X balanced (REF IN/OUT port)
• Precision Time Protocol (PTP): Master & Grandmaster id., Priority 1-2, Class, Accuracy, Variance, Time source
PTP / IEEE 1588(v2) • PTP over UDP encapsulation, PTP Generation / Analysis / Emulation; hardware-assisted Decoding; End-point and Through modes
• Counts: Sync Inter Arrival Delay (IAD) Avg/Curr; Packet Total Delay (PTD): Std Dev/Range; Packet Delay Variation (PDV): Cur/Max/Avg
• Two-way TE, max.|TE|on PTP. Low/High frequency TE, Constant/Dynamic TE components. Frequency offset master vs. local clock (ppm)
Capture Filters
• IEC 61850: GOOSE, SV, MMS preconfigured filters
Packet Capture • Generic by 16-bit masks and user defined offset
• Ethernet MAC address, Ethertype, VLAN-VID, VLAN-CoS, S-VLAN / C-VLAN
• IPv6 / IPv4 Filters: Address, TCP, UDP, Telnet, FTP, DSCP field, single value and range
Storage in PCAP format
• GOOSE & SV analysis as specified in IEC 61850-7-2, 61850-8-1 and 61850-9-2
• Protocol scan with GoCBName, GoID, DatSet (GOOSE) and svID population and selection of the active flow (SV)
GOOSE & SV protocols • GOOSE & SV frame count for the active flow and all flows
• SV sample count and sampling rate measurement for the active flow.
• GOOSE & SV Latency analysis: current, average, minimum, maximum, range and standard deviation computed over the active flow

T1 / E1 / Datacom / C37.94
• Port A: Unbalanced (BNC) 75  and balanced (RJ-45) 120 ; Balanced (Bantam) 100  and balanced (RJ-48) 100 
• Port B: Balanced (RJ-45) 120  Balanced (Bantam) 100  (AT-1544 only) and balanced (RJ-48) 100 
Interfaces • Port C: Unbalanced (BNC) 75  Analogue voice frequency audio port
• Additional balanced secondary T1, E1 port 0 to -6dB, nominal and PMP -20dB
• 3xSMA+SMB: Clock Source: 1.544MHz, 2.048 MHz ± 25000 ppm; External Timing; Recovery from Rx Timing (Loop Timing)
• Unframed: FAS / FAS+CRC4. PCM30: FAS+CAS / FAS+CRC
BERT • Standard, non-standard PRBS, and user patterns. Transmit Error Rate
• Force Single Error: Bit, Frame, CRC, and BPV (Bipolar Violation); Alarms, Errors Count; G.826, G.821, and M.2100
• Smart Serial 26p DTE / DCE ports. DTE, DCE emulation and monitor
Datacom • V.11/X.24, V.24/V.28, V.24/V.35, V.24/V.11 (V.36/RS449), EIA530 and EIA-530A. Codirectional according G.703
• Rate: 50, 60 bit/s, 1.2, 2.4, 4.8, 8, 9.6, 16, 19.2, 32, 48, 72, 128, 144, 192, 1544 kbit/ Nx56 kbit/s; Nx64 kbit/s, up to 2.048 Mbit/s
Jitter & Wander • Overpass O.172: Jitter level, tolerance, transfer and Event detection. 100% digital based generation and analyzer
• Wander Generation and Measurements (TIE, MTIE, TDEV). Wander results from 20 to 100 000s
Pulse Mask • Pulse mask compliance: ANSI T1.102-1999, ITU-T G.703; PASS / FAIL function with Persistent Graphic Display scope
• Test Rate: N x 64 kbit/s; Frame/Unframed BER; ITU-T G.821: ES, SES, UAS, DM. Results with pass / fail indications
C37.94 • Frequency (Hz), Deviation (ppm), Max deviation; Round Trip Delay (ms), One-way Delay synchronized with GPS
• Defects: LOC, AIS, LOF, RDI, LSS, All 0, All 1; Anomalies: FAS, TSE, Slip. Optical Power Meter

Ergonomics
Hand-held Instrument • Size: 260 x 160 x 63 mm, Weight: <2.0 kg, IP-54, Mouse, USB, Ethernet ports; SNMP / VNC support, Capacitive Touchscreen: 8 inch
• Rechargeable Batteries continuous working up to 24 hs; Operating 0ºC ~ 50º C Storage -20ºC ~ 70ºC

in Test we trust