DISASTER READINESS

RISK REDUCTION
Quarter 2 – Module 11
Concepts, Principles and Elements of DRR,
and its Importance on One’s Life
Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2– Module 11: Concepts, Principles and Elements of DRR, and its Importance on
One’s Life
Second Edition, 2021
​
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DISASTER READINESS
RISK REDUCTION
Quarter 2 – Module 11

Concepts, Principles and Elements of DRR,

and its Importance on One’s Life
 Table of Contents
Introduction ……………………………………………………………..……………………….​ 2

What I Need To Know ………………………………………………..……………………….​ 2

General Instruction ……………………………...……………………..……………………....​ 3

What I Know (Pre-test) ……………………………………….……………………….………..​ 4

Lesson 1 Key Concepts, Principles and Elements of DRR …………………………….​ 5

​ ​ What’s In ….....…………………………………………………………………..​ 5
​ ​ What’s New …………………………………………………………….………..​ 6
​ ​ What Will You Do ………….……………………………………………………​ 7​
​ ​ What Is It ..………………….………………………………………… ………... ​7
​ ​ What’s More …………..………………………………………………………… ​ 8
​ ​ What I Have Learned …………………………………………………..............​ 9
​ ​ What I Can Do ………………………………………………………………......​ 9
​ ​ Self-Check ..……………………………………………………………………… 10
​ ​ Additional Activity ..……………………………………………………………… 10​

Lesson 2 Importance of DRR on One’s Life …………….………………………………..​ 11

​ ​ What’s In ………………………………………………………………………… ​ 11
​ ​ What’s New ……………………………………………………………………...​ 12
​ ​ What Will You Do ………….……………………………………………………​ 14​
​ ​ What Is It ………………………………………………………..……………….​ 14
​ ​ What’s More..……………………………..……………………………………..​ 15
​ ​ What I Have Learned ……………………………………………...…………... ​ 17
​ ​ What I Can Do …………………………………………………………………..​ 17
​ ​ Self-Check ………………………………………………………..……………..​ 18
​ ​ Additional Activity ……………………………………………...…………….….​ 18

Assessment ………………….………………………………………………………………..…. 19

Answer Key …………………………….……………………………………………….…….….. 20

References ……………………………………….………………………………………..……... 22
​
 INTRODUCTION
Hello my dear students and welcome to Disaster Readiness Risk Reduction modular
class! This module will help you develop the knowledge, skills and values that are essential for
disaster mitigation, adaptation, and preparedness. In our country, hydro-meteorological hazards
(exm. Typhoons, flash floods, and storm surge) caused by climate change brought devastations
to human lives and well-being, our economy, society, and environment. It is therefore important
that you, your family, and the whole community know how to anticipate and prepare for the
possible impacts brought by these hazards. However, human-induced disaster like fires can
happen, thus it is also important to be constantly aware and be pro-active to prevent and
prepare to respond to this type of hazard. Being aware also that the governments’ laws,
policies, and programs empowers local government units and its people to contribute in disaster
readiness and risk reduction of its people.

To the Teacher
It is desired that the lessons as well as learning materials that the students will be
learning and creating shall be shared to the greater school community particularly among the
vulnerable groups- children, the sick, pregnant, and lactating women, old people, and persons
with disability. Providing the students, the opportunity to lead in community-based disaster
preparedness education will surely contribute to a more resilient communities from the effects of
disasters whether natural or man-made.

To the Student
At the end of these modules, you will have a better understanding on the important role
you play in disaster prevention and preparedness. The writer will be greatly pleased when you
apply your knowledge and skills to prevent the loss of lives and mitigate the impacts of disasters
to you, your family, and your communities. You may have the courage to face the uncertainties
of the future as our planet and all LIFE forms face the existential threat of climate change and
disasters.

This module will assist you in understanding concepts, principles, and elements of DRR, and its
Importance.

▪​ Lesson 1………… Discuss the Key Concepts, Principles and Elements of DRR
▪​ Lesson 2………… Recognize the Importance of DRR on One’s Life

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1.​ Analyze the concepts, principles and elements of DRR;

2.​ Value the importance of disaster risk reduction to one’s life.

2
3
 Pretest
Direction: In a separate sheet of paper, write the letter of the correct answer.

1. The key concepts of DRRM includes the following: EXCEPT

a)​ Development can either increase or decrease disaster risk.
b)​ DRRM policies, laws and regulations will not save lives unless implemented in
communities.
c)​ The community is the front line of disaster risk management.
d)​ DRRM is a stand-alone activity.
e)​ The main objective of DRRM is to build resilient community.

2. The most important component of DRRM is “Action”. Conducting community drills will reduce
the vulnerability of people because it will make them more proactive in addressing the risks that
they are facing.
a)​ TRUE
b)​ FALSE

3. Disaster Risk is a function of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability which can be managed,
mitigated, prevented or reduced through location-specific disaster preparedness education,
prevention, mitigation, timely and effective response, and efficient rehabilitation of affected
communities
a)​ TRUE
b)​ FALSE

4. Persons with disability, women, old, pregnant, and children have increased risks due to their
condition. Thus, appropriate intervention must be in placed in order to reduce their vulnerability.
o not attempt to go inside the area and immediately contact the nearest fire station.
a)​ TRUE
b)​ FALSE

5. In November 2013, Super typhoon “Yolanda” (international name: Haiyan) barreled into
central eastern Philippines, making landfall in the provinces of Samar and Leyte. It was the
strongest storm worldwide to ever make landfall in the recorded history of storm-tracking, with
winds reaching 315 kilometers per hour and a storm surge of 4.6-7.0 meters (14-21 feet).
Yolanda left 6,340 casualties and 1,058 missing and almost $3.0 billion in damage.
a)​ TRUE
b)​ FALSE

4
​

Disaster Risk is a function of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability which can be

managed, mitigated, prevented, or reduced through location-specific disaster
preparedness education, prevention, mitigation, timely and effective response, and
efficient rehabilitation of affected communities. The local government plays a pivotal
role to effectively manage disasters so that their communities will become resilient.

Review

In the previous lessons, you learned the importance of having a family fire
emergency and evacuation plan. This plan will surely save lives during fire event. It is
important to note that fire can be prevented in the first place. However, practicing the
drill will prepare individuals and the whole community to mitigate the impact of fire which
is the saving of lives.

Read the DRR key principles and answer the activity below:

DRR Key Concepts and Importance

The key principle of DRRM is to justify why creating plan given the top priorities. These
are created to the following premises.

Development can either increase or decrease disaster risk.

The unsustainable use and reliance of fossil fuels to drive development increase
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This leads to extreme weather events like more

5
frequent and stronger typhoons which increase disaster risks in the Philippines and in
many parts of the world. However, investment in clean energy will generate
development as well as help in reducing CO2 in the atmosphere. In addition,
development also improves people’s access of adequate and drinking water, trade and
technology which reduces poverty. But it also generates cultural norms that promote
social isolation and political isolation.

DRRM policies, laws and regulations will not save lives unless implemented in
communities.
The most important component of DRRM is “Action”. This entails behavioral change so
that a culture of safety becomes the norm. Action could take place in a form of actual
implementation (drill) of the disaster plan. People in communities and stakeholders must
engage to validate the accuracy and effectiveness of the plans. Doing such will help the
community in achieving a more resilient society.

The community is the front line of disaster risk management.

The primary objectives of DRRM are to save lives. Therefore, the community is the first
consideration in all phases of DRRM plans. It is therefore important to know the
demographic profile (population, density, socioeconomic status, age groups) to identify
the vulnerable groups and make necessary steps to ensure their safety.

DRRM is not a stand-alone activity.

The crafting of Disaster Risk Reduction Management Plan should be supported by all
sectors of the community. Special consideration is given to people with disability,
children, sick, pregnant women, and the elderly since they are the most vulnerable
members of the society. Thus, civil society and their local government works closely to
have a participatory, collaborative, and pro-active management of risks in their
community. Since, most of these members are children, the school must take a lead role
in ensuring that education can be instrumental in building the knowledge, skills, and
attitudes necessary to prepare for and cope with disasters, as well as in helping
learners and the community to return to a normal life.

The main objective of DRRM is to build resilient community.

A resilient community can withstand the likely impacts of a hazard without suffering or
being devastated completely. They are aware on the hazards but are not worried
because they know, they are ready, and they are well-equipped. However, increased
social capital will create a stronger relationship within the community and other sectors.
Through disaster preparedness education, learners are engaging in reducing their
vulnerability which contributes to a more resilient community.

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What will you do…

Activity 1: Question and Answer

Direction: Answer the following questions. Write your answers on a separate sheet.

1.​ In what way Disaster Risk Reduction is important? Provide at least 2

examples?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

2.​ Using a separate sheet of paper, complete the graphic organizer below.

key principles of DRRM Example/s

1
2
3
4
5

Discussion of Activity 1
You just learned that in order to achieve a more resilient community, collaborative efforts
among different stakeholders have to be in-placed.
1.​ What do you think is the importance of having a community-wide disaster
preparedness plan?
2.​ Do you think this plan will work if the residents do not participate in conducting a
community-wide disaster drill? Explain.
3.​ What do you think is the role of your local government in reducing the risks of the
public?
4.​ Do you think the local government (Municipal and Barangay) has done enough to
make the community safe from various risks? Why did you say so?

7
 Enrichment Activities
Instruction: After reading the short article below, answer the questions using the REAP
Protocol. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Disasters: Philippines
Research studies from GermanWatch Global Climate Risks Index (2015) have
identified the Philippines as the fourth most affected country due to weather-related
events within the period of 1995-2014. In the last 10 years the Philippines have
experienced 180 natural disasters with a total of 16,274 deaths, 107,529,404 affected,
92,817 left homeless at a cost of almost 19.5B USD. Storm accounts for over 97% of
the total deaths. Out of top 10 disasters that the Philippines had experienced since
1900, eight of it was caused by storms. The most devastating in terms of the number of
lives lost was in 2013 caused by tropical storm Yolanda which claimed 7,354 lives. The
total number of deaths are also lopsided with almost 67% comes from Asia. For injured,
affected, and homeless over 70% of them comes from Asia (EM-DAT: The Emergency
Events 2019). The data only reflects the reality of risks since the presence of hazards,
the exposure of assets including lives, and vulnerability magnifies the effects of risks.

Adaptation and mitigation measures reduce the risks of individuals, communities,

and country. It is in adaptation and mitigation measure that most developing countries
like the Philippines struggles to do. Thus, various programs have been done to address
this unending cycle of suffering and devastation. Although at the school level, disaster
preparedness education was limited to drills and integration on these concepts in
various subject areas, mainly in science and social studies subjects.

REAP Protocol
R – read assigned text on your own.
E – encode the text by writing the idea of what you read in your own words.
A – annotate the text by writing down the main ideas (notes, significant words,
quotes) and the author’ message.
P – ponder what you read by thinking and talking with others to make personal
connections, develop questions about the topic, and/or connect this reading
to other reading you have done.
​ (Eanet and Manzo,1976)

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 Generalization
Direction:
Complete the sentence stem below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1.​ Developing a community emergency preparedness plan will ________________

________________________________________________________________
______________________________________ because___________________
________________________________________________________________

2.​ To be able to stay safe I will __________________________________________

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Your task is to develop an emergency/evacuation plan of your old neighbor.

Describe how will you be able to do this? Write specific steps in a separate sheet of
paper.

9
Self-Check!
​ Great job! You have completed Lesson 1 successfully! Before going to the next lesson,
check the icon that best shows your learning experience.

If you checked the first icon, you are ready for the next lesson. If you have checked the second
icon, you need to review the things that you need to relearn. If you have checked the third icon,
it would be best if you read more and ask help from your teacher, parents, or peers in clarifying
the lessons that you find difficult. Be honest so that you will truly improve.

Direction:
1.​ Write 3 interview questions about disaster preparedness plan of your barangay.
2.​ Ask these questions to your Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction Management
officials.
3.​ Write their responses and discuss their responses to your teacher.

10
 Ultimately, it is the individual mature person who takes responsibility in taking
care or saving his life during emergency. Recognizing the hazards, he or she is exposed
to whether natural or man-made will surely save his/her life and the lives of other
people. Therefore, individual persons should develop a constant awareness of
environmental risks that may potentially result to an emergency, an accident or worst a
disaster. He/she should take early action that would prevent or mitigate the effects of
natural or man-made hazards. However, persons with disability, women, old, pregnant,
and children have increased risks due to their vulnerability. Thus, appropriate
intervention must be in placed to reduce their vulnerability.

Review
In the previous lesson, you learned the key concepts, principles, and elements of
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). It is important to remember that the main objective of
DRRM is to build a resilient community. The community who are empowered to act so
that their risk will be reduced. The action of local government units also is key to
achieving a resilient people and communities that builds back better and stronger if a
disaster happens.

11
Real Story of Survival …

“Gimingaw Na Ko Sa Akong Mama”

This story was narrated in vernacular (Cebuano) by one of the survivors of Typhoon
Sendong in 2011. Her name is Romryn Jun Aljas. Eleven years old during that time of
devastating flood. She is the fifth child of seven siblings. She wanted to become a
courageous policewoman someday. (Edited by: Lilian C. De La Peña and Amor Q. De
Torres)

Buntag adto, sa wala pa ang ulan, nagdula mi sa akong amigo nga si Louie sa
ilang balay ug basketball. Nagdulaay mi hangtod nga niuli ko sa amoa para maniudto.
Nagpuyo lang dayon ko sa balay adto taman sa gabii. Pagkahuman namo ug
panihapun nila mama ug akong mga igsoon,nangatulog na mi. Kahoy ang among
balay, mao madungog nako ang nagkakusog nga ulan.

Nag-abay mi og pangatulog sa akong mga manghod. Gipukaw mi ni mama kay

taas na daw ang tubig. Nakita nako akong ate sa pagmata nako nga may dala ug
kutsilyo. Lakniton na lang kuno ni kuya ang seyn. Taas na kayo ang tubig kay dili na mi
maka-agi sa ubos. Gilaknit ni kuya ang seyn gamit ang usa ka kahoy, ug nisaka mi sa
taas sa atop. Una ko guipasaka sa atop, ug iliwit nga gisaka ang akong mama.

Sa pagpuyo nako sa taas, nakita nako ang gawas nga puno sa tubig. Ang mga
balay kay nanga-anod na sa baha. Gakadunggan pud nako ang among mga silingan
nga nagpatabang ug nanggihilak. Dungog kayo nako ilang mga singgit. Samtang sa
taas,nag-ampo mi. Wala ang akong papa atong tungora kay nagtrabaho man siya sa
bangko. Usa ka security guard si papa. Samtang nag-ampo mi, hinay-hinay kaanod
ang balay. Dili ko makasinggit adtong tungora kay nag-ampo mi. Si kuya ang una
misinggit nga, “mangambak na ta!”

Nangambak mi tanan ug nikatkat sa lain nga balay. Katong balay nga among
gisakaan kay sa amo ra pod tong silingan. Na-anod na sad utro ang balay nga among
guisakaan. Niambak na pod ko kauban sa akong ate. Nilangoy mi hangtod nakakita ko

12
sa usa ka kahoy nga gemilina, ug akong gikatkatan. Nakapahuway ko sa kahoy.
Naguol na pod ko kay nakita nako si mama, si kuya ug ang akong gamay nga manghod
nga si Ren-Ren naanod kauban sa balay. Naanod sila, ug nakita pa gyud nako sila nga
nilabay sa tulay. Di ko makahilak adto nga panahuna, sige lang ko tan-aw sa akong
mama.

Gitabangan mi ni uncle Botyok makanaog sa kahoy. Gihikot ni uncle ang pisi sa

kahoy para makanaog mi duol sa usa ka balay nga wala pa natumpag. Naglingkod mi
ni ate didto sa atop nga basa ug nagyuko-yuko. Nakatulog ko adto. Buntag na ko
nakamata. Nanganaog mi sa atop kay wala na may tubig sa ubos. Gidala mi ni uncle
Botyok sa ilang balay ug gipakaon. Sila nagpuyo sa Macabalan ug luwas ang ilang
pamilya sa baha.

Sa pagpuyo namo didto, naghunahuna kaayo ko sa akong mama ug uban pa

nako nga igsoon. Pagka-ugma dayon ato, gidala mi sa Central School ug didto na mi
nagkita ni papa. Mga unom mi ka bulan nagpuyo didto nga evacuation center.

Nag-istorya si papa nga si mama daw ug si Ren-Ren naunlod kauban sa balay

padulong sa dagat. Gisulti pud ni papa nga luwas si kuya kay naispatan siya sa mga
rescuer sa Macabalan Bridge. Gisultian pud ko ni papa nga naanod pud si ate Daday
ug si Kikay sa baha. Naa daw sila sa atop atong pagbaha. Nadala si Kikay sa
pagkahagbong sa atop. Si ate Daday gi-ambak para luwason si Kikay. Wala na sila
makatunga gikan sa pag-ambak.

Karon nga wala na ang baha, dili pa gihapon nako malimtan ang nahitabo.
Gamingawon kayo ko sa akong mama ug sa akong mga igsoon. Dili gyud nako
malimtan ang Sendong kay giguba niya nag balay namo. Gikuha pa gyud niya ang
akong mama ug mga igsoon. Karon, nagpuyo na mi sa Calaanan, isa ka relocation
site, ug malinawon nga naginabuhi uban sa akong Papa ug sa akong mga igsoon nga
luwas sa baha.

Guide Questions for Discussions:

1.​ Why do a lot of people live in areas near the riverbanks? In this story, the family
of Romryn lives in Isla de Oro, which is located at the center of Cagayan de Oro
river, What do you think are the reasons why they did not evacuate immediately?
2.​ If you were Romryn, how would you live your life after this painful life
experience?

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 3.​ Why is it important for you to value the importance of disaster risk reduction? Do
you think this event would have not happened if people were concern about
disaster risk reduction? Support your answer.
4.​ What do you think are the roles played by the local government unit to prevent
this kind of disaster in the future?
What will you do…
Activity 1: What to bring…
Direction: List as much as you can the materials or things that you need to bring when you will
be ask by your LGU to evacuate your house due to impending flood (List 20). Next, reduce your
list to 10 most essential things that you need to bring and finally just 3 things.

Discussion of Activity 1

1.​ During emergencies, there is no time to think about what things to bring. How
can you avoid bringing unnecessary things?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

2.​ What difficulty did you experience when you were asks to select only 3 items that
you need to bring?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

14
 3.​ What situations wherein the checklist may vary from one family to another?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Enrichment Activities

Do the following tasks using the REAP Protocol. Write your answer in ½ crosswise and
submit next meeting.

R – Read and write the author and source of the news.

E – Elaborate the idea of the news report using your own words.
A – Annotate by writing the most important information, use key words, important
data/information.
P – Ponder by taking to your parents/siblings about what you think and feel about this
news article. Write 2-3 questions about this article.

Why disaster preparedness is important

By: Guillermo M. Luz - @inquirerdotnet
Philippine Daily Inquirer / 12:10 AM June 03, 2017

Now that it’s officially the “rainy season,” perhaps it’s time to review some lessons from
the past and what they tell us about disaster preparedness. I recently attended the UN
Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction conference in Cancun with a delegation led
by Undersecretary Rick Jalad, director of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Council. The message was pretty clear: The world (and the Philippines in
particular) has made great strides in disaster preparedness, and the investment has
paid off in terms of lives saved. But economic and asset loss have yet to be contained
because of the lack of relevant programs. Lives are saved, but people remain victims of
and impoverished by disaster.

In September 2009, Tropical Storm “Ondoy” (international name: Ketsana) hit Metro
Manila and neighboring provinces. Over a month’s worth of rainfall fell in just 12 hours,
leaving more than 700 people dead and some 450,000 displaced. Damage was

15
recorded at $1.09 billion. The absence of a warning system caught people flatfooted
and unaware of the floods that ensued.

In November 2013, Supertyphoon “Yolanda” (international name: Haiyan) barreled into

central eastern Philippines, making landfall in the provinces of Samar and Leyte. It was
the strongest storm worldwide to ever make landfall in the recorded history of
storm-tracking, with winds reaching 315 kilometers per hour and a storm surge of
4.6-7.0 meters (14-21 feet). Yolanda left 6,340 casualties and 1,058 missing and almost
$3.0 billion in damage. Forecasts were made and typhoon warnings issued early. But
because the people either ignored the warnings or didn’t take them seriously, the loss of
life and damage were unprecedented because of the general lack of preparedness.

We founded the Philippine Disaster Resilience Foundation (PDRF) in 2009, after Ondoy,
to basically focus on disaster response and recovery. Its original name was Philippine
Disaster Recovery Foundation, but after Yolanda, we began to shift our strategy to
disaster prevention and preparedness. In mid-2014, we decided to focus on resilience
and changed our name to reflect this new thrust, while still keeping engaged in disaster
response and recovery. We felt, like many others, that “an ounce of prevention was
worth a pound of cure.”

One of our strategic decisions was to establish an Emergency Operations Center

(EOC), which was envisioned to provide storm-tracking information as well as a map of
hazard risks such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and floods. By overlaying this
data against maps indicating population and key facilities like airports, ports, roads,
utilities, and other important infrastructure, we plan to mobilize disaster preparedness
efforts well before typhoons hit.

As important as the hardware and software behind the EOC, we built a network of over
80 companies ready to mobilize before disasters. We organized these firms into eight
clusters or committees on themes like Power and Energy, Water and Sanitation,
Telecommunications, Resilient Infrastructure, Emergency Supplies, Finance and
Insurance, Logistics, and Healthcare. We also jointly drew up a common manual of
operations and organized periodic drills.

We built a prototype EOC in the central business district of Makati and began operating
it in June 2016. We have completed designs for our main EOC to be located in Clark
Special Economic Zone in Pampanga, and started construction last month.

It has been well documented that investments in preparedness can result in significant
savings in relief and rehabilitation expenses. Since 2013, storms and typhoons have hit
the Philippines (as they do 20–25 times a year). However, intensified focus on
preparedness and prevention by both the government and the private sector have
resulted in fewer casualties. Communities are now able to bounce back more quickly
after a calamity. In our view, the results are clear: Disaster preparedness saves lives.

16
We now need to move to our next challenge: to use disaster risk reduction methods to
cut economic losses and damage to homes, buildings and infrastructure.
https://opinion.inquirer.net/104497/disaster-preparedness-important

Generalization
Direction:
Complete the sentence stem below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1.​ Disaster risk reduction is important to me because….

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

2.​ When people die due to natural and man-made disasters, I feel…
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Your task is to convince your younger brother or sister about the importance of
disaster preparedness and prevention. How do you plan to do it?

17
Self-Check!
​ Great job! You have completed Lesson 2 successfully! Before going to the next module,
check the icon that best shows your learning experience.

If you checked the first icon, you are ready for the next module. If you have checked the second
icon, you need to review the things that you need to relearn. If you have checked the third icon,
it would be best if you read more and ask help from your teacher, parents, or peers in clarifying
the lessons that you find difficult. Be honest so that you will truly improve.

Interview someone who survived a tragedy like fire, earthquake, volcanic

eruption, and flooding. Ask them what made them strong or hopeful to stay alive even if
the situation was desperate. Share your findings next meeting.

18
 Post – Test
Direction: In a separate sheet of paper, write the letter of the correct answer.

1. The key concepts of DRRM includes the following: EXCEPT

a)​ Development can either increase or decrease disaster risk.
b)​ DRRM policies, laws and regulations will not save lives unless implemented in
communities.
c)​ The community is the front line of disaster risk management.
d)​ DRRM is a stand-alone activity.
e)​ The main objective of DRRM is to build resilient community.

2. The most important component of DRRM is “Action”. Conducting community drills will reduce
the vulnerability of people because it will make them more proactive in addressing the risks that
they are facing.
a)​ TRUE
b)​ FALSE

3. Disaster Risk is a function of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability which can be managed,
mitigated, prevented or reduced through location-specific disaster preparedness education,
prevention, mitigation, timely and effective response, and efficient rehabilitation of affected
communities
a)​ TRUE
b)​ FALSE

4. Persons with disability, women, old, pregnant, and children have increased risks due to their
condition. Thus, appropriate intervention must be in placed in order to reduce their vulnerability
or not attempt to go inside the area and immediately contact the nearest fire station.
a)​ TRUE
b)​ FALSE

5. In November 2013, Super typhoon “Yolanda” (international name: Haiyan) barreled into
central eastern Philippines, making landfall in the provinces of Samar and Leyte. It was the
strongest storm worldwide to ever make landfall in the recorded history of storm-tracking, with
winds reaching 315 kilometers per hour and a storm surge of 4.6-7.0 meters (14-21 feet).
Yolanda left 6,340 casualties and 1,058 missing and almost $3.0 billion in damage.
a)​ TRUE
b)​ FALSE

19
20
Cabeguin, Ferdinand A.” Effectiveness of Read, Elaborate, Encode, Annotate, Ponder
(REE-AP) Strategy to Address Students’ Reading Comprehension Difficulty” paper
presented at the Department of Education Misamis Oriental Division Research
Congress, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines, October 17, 2019

Cabeguin, Ferdinand A. “Education for Sustainable Development: A Teaching Guide for

Grades 7,8,9 on Health Environment and Safety in the Context of Local Community
Experience” master’s special problem, Xavier University, 2014

Department of Interior and Local government. “LGU’s Disaster preparedness

Manual”Accessed on January 27,
2020,.dilg.gov.ph/Disaster%20Preparedness/DPM4MLGOOsCOPsFMs.pdf​

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Lilian C. De La Pena and Amr Q. De Torres (Editors)

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