KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA VIZIANAGRAM

PHYSICS WORK SHEET

CURRENT ELECTRICITY
ONE MARK QUESTIONS
1. State the condition in which the terminal voltage across a cell is equal to its emf
2. What happens if the galvanometer and cell are interchanged at the balance point of the bridge?
Would the galvanometer show any current?
3. Two wires A and B of the same material and having same length have their cross-sectional areas in
the ratio 1:4. What would be the ratio of heat produced in the wires when same voltage is applied?
4. A potential difference V is applied across a conductor of length L. How is the drift velocity affected
when V is doubled and L is halved?
5. Plot a graph showing the variation of resistance of conducting wire as a function of its radius,
keeping the length of the wire and its temperature as constant
6. Two wires A and B of the same material having length in the ratio 1:2 and radii in the ratio 2:1.
What is the ratio of the resistance?
7. Draw a graph showing the variation resistivity with temperature for nichrome
8. How does the random motion of the free electrons in a conductor gets affected when a potential
difference is applied across it ?
9. A 100 W and 500W bulb are joined in parallel to the mains. Which bulb will glow brighter?
10. Write any two factors on which the internal resistance of a cell depends on

ONE MARK QUESTION S MCQ

11. How many electrons pass through a lamp in 1 min if the current is 300mA?
(i) 1.125x1020
(ii) 1.875x10-18
(iii) 1.875x1018
(iv) 1.125x10-20
12. Drift velocity varies with the intensity of electric field as per the relation
(i) VαE
(ii) V α 1/E
(iii) V α E2
(iv) V α E-2
13. The current through the 5Ωresistor is :
(i) 2A
(ii) 4A
(iii) zero
(iv) 1A
14. In a Wheatstone bridge circuit, P = 7Ω, Q =8Ω, R = 12 Ω and S = 7 Ω. Find the additional resistance to be
used in series with S, so that the bridge is balanced
(i) 6.72 Ω
(ii) 7.62 Ω
(iii) 2.67 Ω
(iv) 6.27 Ω

15. A cell of emf 2V, when short circuited gives a current of 4A. What is the internal resistance of the cell in ohm
(i) 0.5
 (ii) 1.0
(iii) 2.0
(iv) 4.0
16. When a current of 0.2 A is drawn from a battery then the potential difference between its terminals is 20V and
when a current of 2A is drawn, then the potential difference drops to 16V. The emf of the battery is
(i) 15.1V
(ii) 20.4V
(iii) 18.9V
(iv) 23.3V

17. If two identical cells when connected in series or in parallel, supply the same amount of current through an
external resistance of 2Ω, the internal resistance of the cell is
(i) 8Ω
(ii) 2Ω
(iii) 4Ω
(iv) 1Ω
18. Kirchhoff’s second law for the electric network is based on
(i) Law of conservation of charge
(ii) Law of conservation of energy
(iii) Law of conservation of angular momentum
(iv) Law of conservation of mass
19. If percentage change in current through a resistor is 1%, then the change in power through it would be
(i) 1%
(ii) 2%
(iii) 1.7%
(iv) 0.5%
20. In the given circuit, the potential drop across the resistor is:
(i) V
(ii) V/2
(iii) V/3
(iv) 2V/3

ASSERTION AND REASONING QUESTIONS

Directions: These questions consist of two statements, each printed as Assertion and
Reason. While answering these questions, you are required to choose any one of the
Following four responses.

(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

(c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

1. Assertion: The coil of a heater is cut into two equal halves and only one of them is used into
heater. The heater will now require half the time to produce the same amount of heat.
Reason: The heat produced is directly proportional to square of current.

2. Assertion: Electrons move from a region of higher potential to a region of lower potential
Reason: .Electron has less potential energy at points where potential is higher and vice versa
3. Assertion: The value of temperature coefficient of resistance is positive for metals
Reason: The temperature coefficient of insulators is also positive
4. Assertion: An electric bulb starts glowing instantly as it is switched on
 Reason: Drift speed of electrons in a metallic wire is very large

5. Assertion: The drift velocity of free electrons in a conductor increases with the increase in
the applied electric field
Reason: The force experience by the free electrons in a conductor depends on the
applied electric field

6. Assertion: A wire carrying an electric current has no electric field around it

Reason: Rate of flow of electrons in one direction is equal to the rate of flow
of protons in the opposite direction

7. Assertion: A current flows in a conductor only when there is an electric

field within the conductor
Reason: The drift velocity of electrons in the presence of electric field decreases

8. Assertion: A current carrying wire should be charged.

Reason: The current in a wire is due to flow of free electrons in a definite direction.

9 Assertion: Heater wire must have high resistance and high melting point.
Reason: If resistance is high, the electric conductivity will be less.

10 Assertion: When a wire is stretched to three times of its length, its resistance
becomes 9 times.
Reason: Resistance is directly proportional to length of wire
TWO MARK QUESTIONS
1. Using the concept of drift velocity of charge carriers in a conductor deduce the relation ship between
current density and resistivity of the conductor
2. Two bulbs are marked 220V,100W and 220V and 50W respectively. They are connected in series to
220V mains. Find the ratio of heat generated in them
3. A potential difference of 6V is applied across a conductor of length 0.12m. Calculate the drift
velocity of the electrons, it the electron mobility is 5.6 x 10-6m2v-1s-1
4. Explain why electric power transmitted at high voltages and low currents to distant places
5. The V-I curve for a given metallic wire at two different temperatures T1 and T2 are shown in the
figure. Which temperature is greater and give reason
I
T1
T2

6. A wire when connected to 220V main supply, has power dissipation P1. Now the wire is cut into two
equal pieces which are connected in parallel to the same supply, power dissipation in this case is P2.
Find the ratio P2/P1
7. Three identical cells each of emf 2V and internal resistance 0.2Ω are connected in series to an
external resistor of 7.4 Ω. Calculate the current in the circuit
8. Distinguish between emf and terminal voltage
9. Why alloys like constantan are used for making standard resistors?
10. Distinguish between ohmic and non ohmic devices. Give one example each
 3 MARK QUESTIONS
1. Three identical resistors, each of resistance R when connected in series with a d c source dissipate
power X. If the resistors are connected in parallel to the same d c source, how much power will be
dissipated?
2. The thickness of a conductor continuously decreases from its one end A to another end B. It is
connected across the terminals of a battery. What will be the effect on the value of?
(I) electric field
(ii) current density
(iii) mobility of the electron
at a point on the conductor as one moves from end A to end B
3. A battery of emf e and internal resistance r is connected to a variable external resistance R. Find the
value of R for which current in the circuit is maximum, terminal potential difference across the
battery is maximum also find the maximum value of current and terminal voltage in each case
4. Derive the condition for balanced Wheatstone’s bridge
5. Prove that when electrical appliances are connected in parallel, the total power consumed is equal to
the sum of the powers of the individual appliances.
6. The resistance of a tungsten filament at 1500C is 133 Ω. What will be its resistance at 5000C? Given
the temperature coefficient of tungsten is 0.0045/0C.
7. A battery of emf 2V and internal resistance 0.1Ω is being charged by a current of 5A. What will be
the direction of current inside the battery? What is the potential difference between the terminals of
the battery?
8. Define drift velocity and derive an expression for drift velocity of electrons in a conductor hence
deduce Ohm’s law
9. State and explain Kirchhoff’s laws. In the electric network shown in the figure, use Kirchhoff’s rules
to calculate the power consumed by the resistance R=4Ω

1. Using Kirchhoff’s rules determine the value of unknown resistance R in the circuit shown, so that
no current flows through 4Ω resistance. Also find the potential difference between A and D
 CASE BASED QUESTIONS
1. Emf of a cell is the maximum potential difference between two electrodes of the cell when no
current is drawn from the cell. Internal resistance is the resistance offered by the electrolyte of a
cell when the electric current flows through it. The internal resistance of a cell depends upon the
following factors;
(i) distance between the electrodes
(ii) nature and temperature of the electrolyte
(iii) nature of electrodes
(iv) area of electrodes.

For a freshly prepared cell, the value of internal resistance is generally low and goes on increasing
as the cell is put to more and more use. The potential difference between the two electrodes of a
cell in a closed circuit is called terminal potential difference
(i) The terminal potential difference of two electrodes of a cell is equal to emf of the cell when
(a) current is zero
(b) when current is not equal to zero
(c) neither a or b
(d) both a and b

(ii) A cell of emf E and internal resistance r gives a current of 0.5 A with an external resistance
of 12Ω and a current of 0.25 A with an external resistance of 25Ω . What is the value of the internal
resistance of the cell?

(a) 5Ω
(b) 1 Ω
(c) 7 Ω
(d) 3 Ω

(iii) Choose the wrong statement.

(a) Potential difference across the terminals of a cell in a closed circuit is always less than its emf.

(b) Internal resistance of a cell decrease with the decrease in temperature of the electrolyte.

(c) Potential difference versus current graph for a cell is a straight line with a -ve slope

(d) Terminal potential difference of the cell when it is being charged is given as V = E + Ir.

(iv) . IF external resistance connected to a cell has been increased to 5 times, the potential
difference across the terminals of the cell increases from 10 V to 30 V. Then, the emf of the cell is

(a) 30
(b) 60
(c) 50
(d) 40
2. An electrical appliances (geysers) uses a lot of electric energy when it is operated. The
electrical energy consumed is dependent on the time for which a specific appliance of fixed
power rating is used. The commercial unit of electric energy is KWh (I unit). Different electric
appliances have different power consumption which is mentioned in the device clearly.
5 MARKS QUESTIONS
1. (a) Define the term drift velocity and relaxation time ,giving their physical
significance
(b) A conductor of length L is connected to a dc source of emf E. If this
conductor is replaced by another conductor of same material and same area of
cross section but of length 5L, how will the drift velocity change?
2. (a) Define the term conductivity of a metallic wire. Write its SI unit

(b) Using the concept of free electrons in a conductor, derive the expression for
the conductivity of a wire in terms of number density and relaxation time. Hence
obtain the relation between current density and the applied electric field.
3. Two cells of emf E1 and E2 are and internal resistances r1 and r2
respectively are connected in series and in parallel. Obtain expressions for the
equivalent emf and effective resistance of the combination in the two cases
SOLUTIONS: Explained in the summary