Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series

Sum the following series up to indicated terms.

Q.1 12 + 22 + 32 + …. + 102 Q.2 13 + 23 + 33 + …. + 153
Solution: Solution:
Let S = 12 + 22 + 32 + …. + 102 Let S = 13 + 23 + 33 + …. + 153
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 = ∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟑 = [ ]
𝟔 𝟐
Here 𝒏 = 𝟏𝟎 Here 𝒏 = 𝟏𝟓
𝟏𝟎(𝟏𝟎+𝟏)(𝟐𝟏𝟎+𝟏) 𝟏𝟓(𝟏𝟓+𝟏) 𝟐
So, ∑𝟏𝟎 𝟐
𝒏=𝟏(𝟏𝟎) = So, ∑𝟏𝟓 𝟑
𝒏=𝟏(𝟏𝟓) = [ ]
𝟔 𝟐
𝟏𝟎(𝟏𝟏)(𝟐𝟏) 𝟏𝟓(𝟏𝟔) 𝟐
∑𝟏𝟎 𝟐
𝒏=𝟏(𝟏𝟎) = ∑𝟏𝟓
𝒏=𝟏 (𝟏𝟓) 𝟑
= [ ]
𝟔 𝟐
𝟓(𝟏𝟏)(𝟕) 𝟏𝟓(𝟖) 𝟐
∑𝟏𝟎 𝟐
𝒏=𝟏(𝟏𝟎) = ∑𝟏𝟓
𝒏=𝟏 (𝟏𝟓) 𝟑
= [ ]
𝟏 𝟏
𝟐
∑𝟏𝟎 𝟐
𝒏=𝟏(𝟏𝟎) = 𝟑𝟖𝟓 Ans. ∑𝟏𝟓
𝒏=𝟏(𝟏𝟓) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎) = 𝟏𝟒𝟒𝟎𝟎 Ans.
𝟑

Q.3 12 + 32 + 52 + …. up to 𝒏 terms
Solution:
12 + 32 + 52 + …. up to 𝒏 terms
∵ 𝑻𝒏 = 𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅
Here 𝒂 = 𝟏, 𝒅=𝟑−𝟏=𝟐
So, 𝑻𝒏 = 𝟏 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟏 + 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟐 = 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏
⇒ 𝑻𝒏 = (𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟒𝒏𝟐 − 𝟒𝒏 + 𝟏
⇒ 𝑺 = (𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟒 ∑ 𝒏𝟐 − 𝟒 ∑ 𝒏 + ∑ 𝟏 = 𝟒 ∑ 𝒏𝟐 − 𝟒 ∑ 𝒏 + 𝒏
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 = & ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 =
𝟐 𝟔
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
So, ∑𝒏𝒏 =𝟏(𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟒 −𝟒 +𝒏
𝟔 𝟐
𝟐𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)−𝟔𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)+𝟑𝒏
= − +𝒏=
𝟑 𝟏 𝟑
𝟐
𝒏[𝟐(𝟐𝒏 +𝟑𝒏+𝟏)−𝟔𝒏−𝟔+𝟑]
𝒏[𝟐(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)−𝟔(𝒏+𝟏)+𝟑]
= =
𝟑 𝟑
𝟐
𝒏[𝟒𝒏 +𝟔𝒏+𝟐−𝟔𝒏−𝟔+𝟑] 𝟐
𝒏[𝟒𝒏 −𝟏] 𝒏(𝟐𝒏−𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
=
𝟑
=
𝟑
=
𝟑
Ans.

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 1|Page

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.1

Q.4 22 + 42 + 62 + 82 + …. up to 𝒏 terms
Solution:
22 + 42 + 62 + 82 + …. up to 𝒏 terms
∵ 𝑻𝒏 = 𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅

Here 𝒂 = 𝟐, 𝒅=𝟒−𝟐=𝟐
So, 𝑻𝒏 = 𝟐 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟐 + 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟐 = 𝟐𝒏
⇒ 𝑺 = (𝟐𝒏)𝟐 = 𝟒𝒏𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 =
𝟔

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
So, ∑𝒏𝒏 =𝟏(𝟐𝒏)𝟐 = 𝟒 = Ans.
𝟔 𝟑

Q.5 13 + 33 + 53 + …. up to 𝒏 terms
Solution:
13 + 33 + 53 + …. up to 𝒏 terms
∵ 𝑻𝒏 = 𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅

Here 𝒂 = 𝟏, 𝒅=𝟑−𝟏=𝟐
So, 𝑻𝒏 = 𝟏 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟏 + 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟐 = 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏
⇒ 𝑻𝒏 = (𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟑 = 𝟖𝒏𝟑 − 𝟏𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟔𝒏 − 𝟏
⇒ 𝑺 = (𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟑 = 𝟖 ∑ 𝒏𝟑 − 𝟏𝟐 ∑ 𝒏𝟐 + 𝟔 ∑ 𝒏 − ∑ 𝟏 = 𝟖 ∑ 𝒏𝟑 − 𝟏𝟐 ∑ 𝒏𝟐 + 𝟔 ∑ 𝒏 − 𝒏
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 = ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 = & ∑𝒏 𝟑
𝟐
,
𝟔 𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 = [ 𝟐
]

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)

So, ∑𝒏𝒏 =𝟏(𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟑 = 𝟖 [ ] − 𝟏𝟐 +𝟔 −𝒏
𝟐 𝟔 𝟐
𝟐
𝒏𝟐 (𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝟑𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
=𝟖 − + +𝒏
𝟒 𝟏 𝟏
𝟐 𝟐
𝟐𝒏 (𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝟑𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
= − + +𝒏
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= 𝟐𝒏𝟐 (𝒏 + 𝟏)𝟐 − 𝟐𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟏)(𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝟑𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟏) − 𝒏
= 𝒏{𝟐𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟏)𝟐 − 𝟐(𝒏 + 𝟏)(𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝟑(𝒏 + 𝟏) − 𝟏}
= 𝒏{𝟐𝒏(𝒏𝟐 + 𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏) − 𝟐(𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝟑(𝒏 + 𝟏) − 𝟏}
= 𝒏{𝟐𝒏𝟑 + 𝟒𝒏𝟐 + 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟒𝒏𝟐 − 𝟔𝒏 − 𝟐 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟑 − 𝟏}
= 𝒏{𝟐𝒏𝟑 − 𝒏} = 𝒏𝟐 (𝟐𝒏𝟐 − 𝟏) Ans.
Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 2|Page
Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.1

Q.6 212 + 522 + 832 + …. up to 𝒏 terms

Solution:
212 + 522 + 832 + …. up to 𝒏 terms
2 + 5 + 8 + …. up to 𝒏 terms & 12 + 22 + 32 + …. up to 𝒏 term
∵ 𝑻𝒏 = 𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅 ∵ 𝑻𝒏 = 𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅
Here 𝒂 = 𝟐, 𝒅 = 𝟓 − 𝟐 = 𝟑 Here 𝒂 = 𝟏, 𝒅 = 𝟐 − 𝟏 = 𝟏
So, 𝑻𝒏 = 𝟐 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟑 So, 𝑻𝒏 = 𝟏 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟏
𝑻𝒏 = 𝟐 + 𝟑𝒏 − 𝟑 = 𝟑𝒏 − 𝟏 𝑻𝒏 = 𝟏 + 𝒏 − 𝟏 = 𝒏
So, 𝑻𝒏 = 𝟑𝒏 − 𝟏 So, 𝑻𝒏 = 𝒏𝟐
⇒ 𝑺 = (𝟑𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒏𝟐 = 𝟑𝒏𝟑 − 𝒏𝟐 = 𝟑 ∑ 𝒏𝟑 − ∑ 𝒏𝟐

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟑 = [ ] & ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 =
𝟐 𝟔

𝟑𝒏𝟐 (𝒏+𝟏)𝟐 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)

So, ∑𝒏𝒏 =𝟏(𝟑𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒏𝟐 = −
𝟒 𝟔
𝟐
𝟐
𝟗𝒏𝟐 (𝒏+𝟏) − 𝟐𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝟗𝒏𝟐 (𝒏𝟐 +𝟐𝒏+𝟏) − 𝟐𝒏(𝟐𝒏 +𝟑𝒏+𝟏)
= =
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐
𝟒 𝟑 𝟐 𝟒 𝟑 𝟐
𝟗𝒏 +𝟏𝟖𝒏 +𝟗𝒏 −𝟒𝒏𝟑 −𝟔𝒏𝟐 −𝟐𝒏 𝟗𝒏 +𝟏𝟒𝒏 +𝟑𝒏 −𝟐𝒏
= =
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐
𝟑 𝟐 𝟐
𝒏(𝟗𝒏 +𝟏𝟒𝒏 +𝟑𝒏−𝟐) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟗𝒏 +𝟓𝒏−𝟐)
=
𝟏𝟐
=
𝟏𝟐
Ans.

Q.7 1 + (1 + 2) + (1 + 2 + 3) + …. up to 𝒏 terms
Solution:
1 + (1 + 2) + (1 + 2 + 3) + …. up to 𝒏 terms
First we have to find nth term
1 + (1 + 2) + (1 + 2 + 3) + …. + (1 + 2 + 3 + ……)
𝒏
𝒏( 𝒏 + 𝟏 )
∵ ∑𝒌=
𝟐
𝒌 =𝟏

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
1 + 2 + 3 + …… n =
𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏𝟐 𝒏 𝟏 𝟏
⇒ ∑𝒏
𝒌 =𝟏 = + ⇒ 𝑺= ∑ 𝒏𝟐 + ∑ 𝒏
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 = & ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 =
𝟐 𝟔

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 3|Page

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.1

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟏 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝟏 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)

So, ∑𝒏𝒏 =𝟏 = +
𝟐 𝟐 𝟔 𝟐 𝟐
𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝟐𝒏 +𝟑𝒏+𝟏) + 𝟑𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
= + =
𝟏𝟐 𝟒 𝟏𝟐
𝟐 𝟐
𝒏(𝟐𝒏 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟑) 𝒏(𝟐𝒏 + 𝟔𝒏 + 𝟒)
= =
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐
𝟐 𝟐
𝟐𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟐) 𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟐)
= =
𝟏𝟐 𝟔
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝒏+𝟐)
=
𝟔
Ans.

Q.8 2 + (2 + 5) + (2 + 5 + 8) + …. up to 𝒏 terms
Solution:
2 + (2 + 5) + (2 + 5 + 8) + …. up to 𝒏 terms
First we have to find sum of nth term formula
2 + (2 + 5) + (2 + 5 + 8) + …. + (2 + 5 + 8 + …… n)
𝒏
∵ 𝑺𝒏 = {𝟐𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅}
𝟐
Here 𝒂 = 𝟐, 𝒅 = 𝟓 − 𝟐 = 𝟑
𝒏 𝒏 𝒏 𝟏
So, 𝑺𝒏 = {𝟐(𝟐) + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟑} = {𝟒 + 𝟑𝒏 − 𝟑} = {𝟏 + 𝟑𝒏} = (𝒏 + 𝟑𝒏𝟐 )
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 𝟏 𝟑
⇒ 𝑺 = ∑(𝒏 + 𝟑𝒏𝟐 ) = ∑ 𝒏 + ∑ 𝒏𝟐
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 = & ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 =
𝟐 𝟔

𝟏 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟑 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)

So, ∑𝒏𝒏 =𝟏 𝑺 =  +  = +
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟔 𝟒 𝟒
𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) + 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) (𝒏𝟐 + 𝒏)+𝒏(𝟐𝒏 + 𝟑𝒏+𝟏 )
= =
𝟒 𝟒
𝟑 𝟐 𝟑
𝒏𝟐 + 𝒏 + 𝟐𝒏 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝒏 𝟐𝒏 + 𝟒𝒏𝟐 + 𝟐𝒏
= =
𝟒 𝟒
𝟐 𝟐
𝟐𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟐𝒏+ 𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟐𝒏+ 𝟏)
= =
𝟒 𝟐
𝒏
= (𝒏 + 𝟏)𝟐 Ans.
𝟐

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 4|Page

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.1

Q.9 Find the sum of n terms of the series whose nth term is:
(i) 𝟑𝒏𝟐 + 𝒏 + 𝟏
Solution:
𝟑𝒏𝟐 + 𝒏 + 𝟏
⇒ 𝑺 = 𝟑 ∑ 𝒏𝟐 + ∑ 𝒏 + ∑ 𝟏 = 𝟑 ∑ 𝒏𝟐 + ∑ 𝒏 + 𝒏
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 = , ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 =
𝟐 𝟔

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
So, ∑𝒏𝒏 =𝟏(𝟑𝒏𝟐 + 𝒏 + 𝟏) = 𝟑 + +𝒏
𝟔 𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
= + +𝒏
𝟐 𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) + 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) + 𝟐𝒏
=
𝟐
𝟐 𝟐
𝒏(𝟐𝒏 +𝟑𝒏+𝟏) + 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) + 𝟐𝒏 𝒏(𝟐𝒏 +𝟑𝒏+𝟏+𝒏+𝟏+𝟐)
= =
𝟐 𝟐
𝟐
𝒏(𝟐𝒏 +𝟐𝒏+𝟒) 𝟐𝒏(𝒏𝟐 +𝒏+𝟐)
= =
𝟐 𝟐
= 𝒏(𝒏𝟐 + 𝒏 + 𝟐 ) Ans.

(ii) 𝒏𝟐 + 𝟒𝒏 + 𝟏
Solution:
𝒏𝟐 + 𝟒𝒏 + 𝟏
⇒ 𝑺 = ∑ 𝒏𝟐 + 𝟒 ∑ 𝒏 + ∑ 𝟏 = ∑ 𝒏𝟐 + 𝟒 ∑ 𝒏 + 𝒏
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 = , ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 =
𝟐 𝟔

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
So, ∑𝒏𝒏 =𝟏(𝒏𝟐 + 𝟒𝒏 + 𝟏) = +𝟒 +𝒏
𝟔 𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
= + +𝒏
𝟔 𝟏
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) + 𝟏𝟐𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) + 𝟔𝒏
=
𝟔
𝟐
𝒏(𝟐𝒏 +𝟑𝒏+𝟏) + 𝟏𝟐𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) + 𝟔𝒏
=
𝟔
𝒏
= (𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏 + 𝟏𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏𝟐 + 𝟔)
𝟔
𝒏
= (𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟏𝟓𝒏 + 𝟏𝟗) Ans.
𝟔

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Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.1

(iii) 𝒏𝟑 + 𝟑𝒏𝟐 + 𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏
Solution:
𝒏𝟑 + 𝟑𝒏𝟐 + 𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏
⇒ 𝑺 = ∑ 𝒏𝟑 + 𝟑 ∑ 𝒏𝟐 + 𝟐 ∑ 𝒏 + ∑ 𝟏 = ∑ 𝒏𝟑 + 𝟑 ∑ 𝒏𝟐 + 𝟐 ∑ 𝒏 + 𝒏
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 = , ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 = & ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟑 = [ ]
𝟐 𝟔 𝟐

So, ∑𝒏𝒏 =𝟏(𝒏𝟑 + 𝟑𝒏𝟐 + 𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏)

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
=[ ] +𝟑 +𝟐 +𝒏
𝟐 𝟔 𝟐
𝟐
𝒏𝟐 (𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
= + + +𝒏
𝟒 𝟐 𝟏
𝟐
𝒏𝟐 (𝒏+𝟏) + 𝟐𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) + 𝟒𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) + 𝟒𝒏
=
𝟒
𝒏 (𝒏 + 𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝟐𝒏(𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝟒𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝟒𝒏
𝟐 𝟐
=
𝟒
𝒏 𝟑 𝟐 𝟐
= (𝒏 + 𝟐𝒏 + 𝒏 + 𝟒𝒏 + 𝟔𝒏 + 𝟐 + 𝟒𝒏 + 𝟒 + 𝟒)
𝟒
𝒏
= (𝒏𝟑 + 𝟔𝒏𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏𝒏 + 𝟏𝟎) Ans.
𝟒

Q.10 (i) Find the sum of first forty six natural numbers starting from 10.
Solution:
Let first forty six natural numbers starting from 10
𝑺 = 𝟏𝟎 + 𝟏𝟏 + 𝟏𝟐 + ⋯ … … . + 𝟒𝟔
or 𝑺 = (𝟏 + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + ⋯ … … . , +𝟒𝟔) − (𝟏 + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + ⋯ … + 𝟗)
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 =
𝟐
So, ∑𝟒𝟔
𝒏 =𝟏 𝑺 = ∑𝒏 =𝟏𝟎 𝑺 − ∑𝒏 =𝟏 𝑺
𝟒𝟔 𝟗

𝟒𝟔(𝟒𝟔+𝟏) 𝟗(𝟗+𝟏) 𝟒𝟔(𝟒𝟕) 𝟗(𝟏𝟎)

= − = −
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
= 𝟐𝟑(𝟒𝟕) − 𝟗(𝟓) = 𝟏𝟎𝟖𝟏 − 𝟒𝟓 = 𝟏𝟎𝟑𝟔 Ans.

Q.10 (ii) Find the sum of last 12 terms of the series: 1 + 2 + 3 + …… + 39.
Solution:
Let the series
𝑺 = 𝟐𝟖 + 𝟐𝟗 + 𝟑𝟎 + ⋯ … … . +𝟑𝟗
So, Required series according to the condition
𝑺 = (𝟏 + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + ⋯ … … . , +𝟑𝟗) − (𝟏 + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + ⋯ … + 𝟐𝟕)
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 =
𝟐

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Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.1

So, ∑𝟑𝟗
𝒏 =𝟐𝟖 𝑺 = ∑𝒏 =𝟏 𝑺 − ∑𝒏 =𝟏 𝑺
𝟑𝟗 𝟐𝟕

𝟑𝟗(𝟑𝟗+𝟏) 𝟐𝟕(𝟐𝟕+𝟏) 𝟑𝟗(𝟒𝟎) 𝟐𝟕(𝟐𝟖)

= − = − = 𝟑𝟗(𝟐𝟎) − 𝟐𝟕(𝟏𝟒)
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
= 𝟕𝟖𝟎 − 𝟑𝟕𝟖 = 𝟒𝟎𝟐 Ans.

Q.11 Find the sum of 9th to 21st terms of the series of squares of n natural numbers.
Solution:
Let the series of squares of natural numbers up to 21st terms
𝑺 = 𝟗𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏𝟐 + ⋯ … … . +𝟐𝟏𝟐
So, Required series according to the condition
𝑺 = (𝟏𝟐 + 𝟐𝟐 + 𝟑𝟐 + ⋯ … … . +𝟐𝟏𝟐 ) − (𝟏𝟐 + 𝟐𝟐 + 𝟑𝟐 + ⋯ … … . +𝟖𝟐 )
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 =
𝟔

So, ∑𝟐𝟏
𝒏 =𝟗 𝑺 = ∑𝒏 =𝟏 𝒌 − ∑𝒏 =𝟏 𝒌
𝟐𝟏 𝟐 𝟖 𝟐

𝟐𝟏(𝟐𝟏+𝟏)(𝟐𝟐𝟏+𝟏) 𝟖(𝟖+𝟏)(𝟐𝟖+𝟏) 𝟐𝟏(𝟐𝟐)(𝟒𝟑) 𝟖(𝟗)(𝟏𝟕)

= − = −
𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
= 𝟕(𝟏𝟏)(𝟒𝟑) − 𝟒(𝟑)(𝟏𝟕) = 𝟑𝟑𝟏𝟏 − 𝟐𝟎𝟒 = 𝟑𝟏𝟎𝟕 Ans.

Q.12 Find the sum of last 12 terms of the series of cubes of first 30 natural numbers.
Solution:
Let the series of cubes of first 30 natural numbers
𝑺 = 𝟏𝟗𝟑 + 𝟐𝟎𝟑 + 𝟐𝟏𝟑 + ⋯ … … . +𝟑𝟎𝟑
So, Required series according to the condition
𝑺 = (𝟏𝟑 + 𝟐𝟑 + 𝟑𝟑 + ⋯ … … . +𝟑𝟎𝟑 ) − (𝟏𝟑 + 𝟐𝟑 + 𝟑𝟑 + ⋯ … … . +𝟏𝟖𝟑 )

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟑 = [ ]
𝟐

So, ∑𝟑𝟎
𝒏 =𝟏𝟗 𝒌 = ∑𝒏 =𝟏 𝒌 − ∑𝒏 =𝟏 𝒌
𝟑 𝟑𝟎 𝟑 𝟏𝟖 𝟑

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐
=[ ] −[ ]
𝟐 𝟐
𝟑𝟎(𝟑𝟎+𝟏) 𝟐 𝟏𝟖(𝟏𝟖+𝟏) 𝟐 𝟑𝟎(𝟑𝟏) 𝟐 𝟏𝟖(𝟏𝟗) 𝟐
⇒ =[ ] −[ ] =[ ] −[ ]
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
= [𝟏𝟓(𝟑𝟏) ]𝟐 − [𝟗(𝟏𝟗) ]𝟐 = [𝟒𝟔𝟓]𝟐 − [𝟏𝟕𝟏]𝟐
= 𝟐𝟏𝟔𝟐𝟐𝟓 − 𝟐𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟏 = 𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟗𝟖𝟒 Ans.

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Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series

Sum the following series up to indicated terms.

Q.1 1·2 + 2·22 + 3·23 + 4·24 + …. to 50 terms
Solution:
Let S = 1·2 + 2·22 + 3·23 + 4·24 + …. + 50·250
Multiply both sides by common ration r = 2, we have
2S = 1·22 + 2·23 + 3·24 + 4·25 + …. + 49·250 + 50·251
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we have
– S = 1·2 + 1·22 + 1·23 + 1·24 + …. + 1·250 – 50·251
S = – (2 + 22 + 23 + 24 + …. + 250 ) + 50·251
S = 50·251 – (2 + 22 + 23 + 24 + …. + 250)
Here 𝒂 = 𝟐, 𝒓 = 𝟐, 𝒏 = 𝟓𝟎
𝒂(𝒓𝒏 −𝟏)
∵ 𝑺𝒏 = , 𝒓>𝟏
𝒓−𝟏

51
𝟐(𝟐𝟓𝟎 −𝟏)
S = 50·2 – = 50·251 – 2(250 – 1) = 50·251 – 251 + 2
𝟐−𝟏
S = 2 (50·2 – 2) + 2 = 250(100-2) + 2 = 98(250) + 2 Ans.
50

Q.2 1 + 2·5 + 3·52 + 4·53 + …. to 30 terms

Solution:
Let S = 1 + 2·5 + 3·52 + 4·53 + …. + 29·528 + 30·529
Multiply both sides by common ration r = 5, we have
5S = 1·5 + 2·52 + 3·53 + 4·54 + …. + 29·529+ 30·530
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we have
– 4S = 1 + 1·5 + 1·52 + 1·53 + 1·54 + …. + 1·529 – 30·530
– 4S = 1 + 5 + 52 + 53 + 54 + …. + 529 – 30·530
4S = 30·530 – 1 – (5 + 52 + 53 + 54 + …. + 529)
Here 𝒂 = 𝟓, 𝒓 = 𝟓, 𝒏 = 𝟐𝟗
𝒂(𝒓𝒏 −𝟏)
∵ 𝑺𝒏 = , 𝒓>𝟏
𝒓−𝟏

30
𝟓(𝟓𝟐𝟗 −𝟏) 30
(𝟓𝟑𝟎 −𝟓)
4S = 30·5 – 1 – = 30·5 – 1 –
𝟓−𝟏 𝟒
30 30 30 30
16S = 120·5 – 4 – (5 – 5) = 120·5 – 5 + 5 – 4
16S = 120·530 – 530 + 1
16S = 530(120 – 1) + 1 = 1 + 119(530)
𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟗
S= + (5)30 Ans.
𝟏𝟔 𝟏𝟔

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Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.2

𝟑 𝟓 𝟕
Q.3 1+ + + + …. to 25 terms
𝟐 𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟑
Solution:
𝟑 𝟓 𝟕 𝟒𝟕 𝟒𝟗
Let S = 1 + + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + ………..+ 𝟐𝟑 + -----(i)
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟒
𝟏
Multiply both sides by the common ratio 𝒓 = , we have
𝟐
𝟏 𝟏 𝟑 𝟓 𝟕 𝟒𝟕 𝟒𝟗
S = + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝟒 + ……... + 𝟐𝟒 + 𝟐𝟓 -----(ii)
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we have
𝟏 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟒𝟗
S=1+ + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝟒 + …. + 𝟐𝟒 –
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟓
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟒𝟗 𝟏
S = 2 + 𝟐( + + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + … . + 𝟐𝟑) – 𝟐𝟒
𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝟏
Here 𝒂 = 𝟏, 𝒓 = , 𝒏 = 𝟐𝟒
𝟐
𝒏
𝒂(𝟏 − 𝒓 )
∵ 𝑺𝒏 = , 𝒓<𝟏
𝟏−𝒓
𝟐𝟒
𝟏{𝟏−(𝟏
𝟐
) } 𝟏− 𝟏
𝟒𝟗 𝟐𝟒 𝟐 𝟒𝟗
𝑺=𝟐+𝟐 − =𝟐+𝟐 −
𝟏−𝟏 𝟏
𝟐𝟒
𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟒
𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 𝟒𝟗 𝟒 𝟒𝟗
𝑺 = 𝟐 + 𝟒 (𝟏 − 𝟐𝟒 ) − 𝟐𝟒 = 𝟐+𝟒− 𝟐𝟒 −
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟒
𝟒 𝟒𝟗 (𝟒+𝟒𝟗) 𝟓𝟑
𝑺=𝟔− 𝟐𝟒 − 𝟐𝟒 =𝟔− 𝟐𝟒 =𝟔− Ans.
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟒

𝟖 𝟏𝟓 𝟐𝟐
Q.4 1+ + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + …. to n terms
𝟓 𝟓 𝟓
Solution:
𝟖 𝟏𝟓 𝟐𝟐 𝟕𝒏−𝟏𝟑 𝟕𝒏−𝟔
Let S = 1 + + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + ….…...+ 𝒏−𝟐 + 𝒏−𝟏 -----(i)
𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓
𝟏
Multiply both sides by the common ratio 𝒓 = , we have
𝟓
𝟏 𝟏 𝟖 𝟏𝟓 𝟐𝟐 𝟕𝒏−𝟏𝟑 𝟕𝒏−𝟔
S = + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝟒 + …..…. + 𝒏−𝟏 + 𝒏 -----(ii)
𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we have
𝟒 𝟕 𝟕 𝟕 𝟕 𝟕 𝟕𝒏−𝟔
S=1+ + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝟒 + …. + 𝒏−𝟏 – 𝒏
𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓
𝟒 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟕𝒏−𝟔
S = 1 + 𝟕( + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝟒 + ….+ 𝒏−𝟏 )– 𝒏
𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓
𝒂(𝟏 − 𝒓𝒏 ) 𝟏 𝟏
∵ 𝑺𝒏 = , 𝒓 < 𝟏 Here 𝒂 = 𝟓
, 𝒓= , 𝒏=𝒏−𝟏
𝟓
𝟏−𝒓

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Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.2

𝟏 𝟏 𝒏−𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝒏−𝟏
{𝟏−( ) } {𝟏−( ) }
𝟒 𝟓 𝟓 𝟕𝒏−𝟔 𝟓 𝟓 𝟕𝒏−𝟔
𝑺=𝟏+𝟕 𝟏 − =𝟏+ 𝟕 𝟒 −
𝟓 𝟏−𝟓 𝟓𝒏 𝟓𝒏
𝟓
𝟒 𝟕 𝟓 𝟏 𝟕𝒏−𝟔 𝟕 𝟏 𝟕𝒏−𝟔
𝟓
𝑺=𝟏+  (𝟏 − 𝟓𝒏−𝟏 ) −
𝟓 𝟒 𝟓𝒏
=𝟏+
𝟒
(𝟏 − 𝟓𝒏−𝟏 ) − 𝟓𝒏
𝟒 𝟕 𝟕 𝟕𝒏−𝟔 𝟏𝟏 𝟕 𝟕𝒏−𝟔
𝑺=𝟏+ − − = − −
𝟓 𝟒 𝟒(𝟓𝒏−𝟏 ) 𝟓𝒏 𝟒 𝟒(𝟓𝒏−𝟏 ) 𝟓𝒏

𝟓 𝟏𝟏 𝟕 (𝟕𝒏−𝟔)
𝑺= {
𝟒 𝟒
− 𝒏−𝟏 − 𝒏 } Ans.
𝟒(𝟓 ) 𝟓

Find the sum to infinity of the following series:

𝟒 𝟗 𝟏𝟒 𝟏𝟗
Q.5 1+ + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + + ……
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑𝟒
Solution:
𝟒 𝟗 𝟏𝟒 𝟏𝟗
Let S = 1 + + + 𝟑+ + …… -----(i)
𝟑 𝟑𝟐 𝟑 𝟑𝟒
𝟏
Multiply both sides by the common ratio 𝒓 = , we have
𝟑
𝟏 𝟏 𝟒 𝟗 𝟏𝟒 𝟏𝟗
S= + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝟒 + + …… -----(ii)
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑𝟓
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we have
𝟐 𝟑 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓
S=1+ + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝟒 + + ……
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑𝟓
𝟐 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓
S=2+ 𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝟒 + + …… -----(iii)
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑𝟓
𝟐 𝟓 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
or S=2+ ( + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝟒 + + ……)
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑𝟓
𝟏 𝟏
Here 𝒂 = , 𝒓 =
𝟑 𝟑
𝒂
∵ 𝑺∞ = , 𝒓<𝟏
𝟏−𝒓
𝟏 𝟏
𝟐 𝟓 𝟑 𝟓 𝟑 𝟓 𝟏 𝟓 𝟏𝟐+𝟓 𝟏𝟕
S=2+ ( )=2+ (𝟐) =2+ ( )=2+ = =
𝟑 𝟑 𝟏−𝟏 𝟑 𝟑 𝟐 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
𝟑 𝟑
𝟑 𝟏𝟕 𝟏𝟕
S=  = Ans.
𝟐 𝟔 𝟒

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 10 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.2

Q.6 𝟏 + 𝟗𝒂 + 𝟏𝟕𝒂𝟐 + 𝟐𝟓𝒂𝟑 + ⋯ … .. where |𝒂| < 𝟏

Solution:
Let 𝑺 = 𝟏 + 𝟗𝒂 + 𝟏𝟕𝒂𝟐 + 𝟐𝟓𝒂𝟑 + ⋯ … .. -----(i)
Multiply both sides by the common ratio 𝒓 = 𝒂, we have
𝒂𝑺 = 𝒂 + 𝟗𝒂𝟐 + 𝟏𝟕𝒂𝟑 + 𝟐𝟓𝒂𝟒 + ⋯ … .. -----(ii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we have
𝑺 − 𝒂𝑺 = 𝟏 + 𝟖𝒂 + 𝟖𝒂𝟐 + 𝟖𝒂𝟑 + ⋯ … ..
𝑺(𝟏 − 𝒂) = 𝟏 + 𝟖(𝒂 + 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒂𝟑 + ⋯ … . . )
𝒂
∵ 𝑺∞ = , 𝒓<𝟏
𝟏−𝒓

Here 𝒂 = 𝒂, 𝒓 = 𝒂
𝒂
𝑺(𝟏 − 𝒂) = 𝟏 + 𝟖 ( )
𝟏−𝒂
𝟖𝒂 𝟏 − 𝒂 + 𝟖𝒂 𝟏 + 𝟕𝒂
𝑺(𝟏 − 𝒂) = 𝟏 + = =
𝟏−𝒂 𝟏−𝒂 𝟏−𝒂
𝟏 𝟏 + 𝟕𝒂 𝟏 + 𝟕𝒂
𝑺=  = 𝟐 Ans.
𝟏−𝒂 𝟏−𝒂 (𝟏 − 𝒂)

Q.7 𝟏 + 𝟒𝒃 + 𝟕𝒃𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝒃𝟑 + ⋯ … .. where |𝒃| < 𝟏

Solution:
Let 𝑺 = 𝟏 + 𝟒𝒃 + 𝟕𝒃𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝒃𝟑 + ⋯ … .. -----(i)
Multiply both sides by the common 𝒓 = 𝒃, we have
𝒃𝑺 = 𝒃 + 𝟒𝒃𝟐 + 𝟕𝒃𝟑 + 𝟏𝟎𝒃𝟒 + ⋯ … .. -----(ii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we have
𝑺 − 𝒃𝑺 = 𝟏 + 𝟑𝒃 + 𝟑𝒃𝟐 + 𝟑𝒃𝟑 + ⋯ … .. -----(iii)
or 𝑺(𝟏 − 𝒃) = 𝟏 + 𝟑(𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐 + 𝒃𝟑 + ⋯ … . . )
Here 𝒂 = 𝒃, 𝒓 = 𝒃
𝒂
∵ 𝑺∞ = , 𝒓<𝟏
𝟏−𝒓

𝒃 𝟑𝒃
𝑺(𝟏 − 𝒃) = 𝟏 + 𝟑 ( ) =𝟏+
𝟏−𝒃 𝟏−𝒃
𝟏 𝟑𝒃 𝟏− 𝒃 + 𝟑𝒃 𝟏 + 𝟐𝒃
𝑺= + 𝟐 = 𝟐 = 𝟐 Ans.
𝟏−𝒃 (𝟏 − 𝒃) (𝟏 − 𝒃) (𝟏 − 𝒃)

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 11 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.2

𝟒 𝟕 𝟏𝟎
Q.8 𝟏+ + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + ⋯ … ….
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
Solution:
𝟒 𝟕 𝟏𝟎
Let 𝑺 = 𝟏 + + 𝟐 + + ⋯ … …. -----(i)
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒𝟑
𝟏
Multiply both sides by the common ratio 𝒓 = , we have
𝟒
𝟏 𝟏 𝟒 𝟕 𝟏𝟎
𝑺= + + + + ⋯ … …. -----(ii)
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒𝟐 𝟒𝟑 𝟒𝟒
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we have
𝟏 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑
𝑺− 𝑺 = 𝟏+ + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + + ⋯ … … -----(iii)
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒𝟒
𝟑 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
or 𝑺 = 𝟏 + 𝟑( + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝟒 + ⋯……)
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
𝟏 𝟏
Here 𝒂 = , 𝒓 =
𝟒 𝟒
𝒂
∵ 𝑺∞ = , 𝒓<𝟏
𝟏−𝒓
𝟏 𝟏
𝟑
𝑺 = 𝟏 + 𝟑 ( 𝟒 𝟏 ) = 𝟏 + 𝟑 ( 𝟒𝟑 )
𝟒 𝟏− 𝟒 𝟒
𝟑 𝟏
𝑺 = 𝟏 + 𝟑( ) = 𝟏 + 𝟏 = 𝟐
𝟒 𝟑
𝟒 𝟖
𝑺= 𝟐= Ans.
𝟑 𝟑

𝟓 𝟗 𝟏𝟑
Q.9 𝟏+ + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + ⋯ … ….
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑
Solution:
𝟓 𝟗 𝟏𝟑
Let 𝑺 = 𝟏 + + 𝟐 + + ⋯ … …. -----(i)l
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑𝟑
𝟏
Multiply both sides by the common ratio 𝒓 = , we have
𝟑
𝟏 𝟏 𝟓 𝟗 𝟏𝟑
𝑺 = + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝟒 + ⋯ … …. -----(ii)
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we have
𝟏 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
𝑺− 𝑺 = 𝟏+ + 𝟐 + + ⋯……
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑𝟑
𝟐 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
or 𝑺 = 𝟏 + 𝟒( + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝟒 + ⋯……)
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 12 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series

𝟏 𝟏
Here 𝒂 = , 𝒓 =
𝟑 𝟑
𝒂
∵ 𝑺∞ = , 𝒓<𝟏
𝟏−𝒓
𝟏 𝟏
𝟐
𝑺 = 𝟏 + 𝟒 ( 𝟑 𝟏 ) = 𝟏 + 𝟒 ( 𝟑𝟐 )
𝟑 𝟏− 𝟑 𝟑
𝟐 𝟏 𝟒
𝑺 = 𝟏 +𝟒( )=𝟏+ =𝟏+𝟐=𝟑
𝟑 𝟐 𝟐
𝟑 𝟗
𝑺 = 𝟑 = Ans.
𝟐 𝟐

Q.10 𝟏 + 𝟓𝒂 + 𝟗𝒂𝟐 + 𝟏𝟑𝒂𝟑 + ⋯ … .. where |𝒂| < 𝟏

Solution:
Let 𝑺 = 𝟏 + 𝟓𝒂 + 𝟗𝒂𝟐 + 𝟏𝟑𝒂𝟑 + ⋯ … .. -----(i)
Multiply both sides by the common ratio 𝒓 = 𝒂, we have
𝒂𝑺 = 𝒂 + 𝟓𝒂𝟐 + 𝟗𝒂𝟑 + 𝟏𝟑𝒂𝟒 + ⋯ … .. -----(ii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we have
𝑺 − 𝒂𝑺 = 𝟏 + 𝟒𝒂 + 𝟒𝒂𝟐 + 𝟒𝒂𝟑 + ⋯ … .. -----(iii)
or 𝑺(𝟏 − 𝒂) = 𝟏 + 𝟒(𝒂 + 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒂𝟑 + ⋯ … . . )
Here 𝒂 = 𝒂, 𝒓 = 𝒂
𝒂
∵ 𝑺∞ = , 𝒓<𝟏
𝟏−𝒓

𝒂 𝟒𝒂
𝑺(𝟏 − 𝒂) = 𝟏 + 𝟒 ( ) =𝟏+
𝟏 −𝒂 𝟏 −𝒂
𝟏 𝟒𝒂
𝑺= + 𝟐
𝟏−𝒂 (𝟏 − 𝒂)
𝟏 − 𝒂 + 𝟒𝒂
or 𝑺= 𝟐
(𝟏 − 𝒂)
𝟏 + 𝟑𝒂
or 𝑺= 𝟐 Ans.
(𝟏 − 𝒂)

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 13 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series

Find the sum of the following series.

Q.1 𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟏𝟐 + 𝟐𝟏 + 𝟑𝟑 + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms.
Solution:
Here, the differences of consecutive terms are in A.P
i.e 3, 6, 9, 12, ………...; is A.P
So, We use method of differences
Let, 𝑺𝒏 = 𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟏𝟐 + 𝟐𝟏 + 𝟑𝟑 + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms ------(i)
or 𝑺𝒏 = 𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟏𝟐 + 𝟐𝟏 + 𝟑𝟑 + ⋯ … . . +𝒂𝒏 ------(ii)
Subtracting eq(ii) from (i), we have
𝑺𝒏 = 𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟏𝟐 + 𝟐𝟏 + 𝟑𝟑 + ⋯ … … . . . . . . .. to 𝒏 terms
−𝑺𝒏 = ±𝟑 ± 𝟔 ± 𝟏𝟐 ± 𝟐𝟏 ± 𝟑𝟑 ± ⋯ … … ± 𝒂𝒏
________________________________________________________________
𝟎 = 𝟑 + {𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟗 + 𝟏𝟐 + ⋯ 𝒕𝒐 (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔} − 𝒂𝒏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟑 + {𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟗 + 𝟏𝟐 + ⋯ 𝒕𝒐 (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔}
𝒏
∵ Sum of Arithmetic Series 𝑺𝒏 = [𝟐𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅]
𝟐
Here 𝒂 = 𝟑, 𝒅 = 𝟔 − 𝟑 = 𝟑, 𝒏=𝒏−𝟏
𝒏−𝟏 𝒏−𝟏
⇒ 𝒂𝒏 = 𝟑 +
𝟐
[𝟐(𝟑) + (𝒏 − 𝟏 − 𝟏)𝟑] = 𝟑 +
𝟐
[𝟔 + (𝒏 − 𝟐 ) 𝟑 ]
𝒏−𝟏 𝒏−𝟏 𝟑𝒏(𝒏−𝟏)
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟑 + [𝟔 + 𝟑𝒏 − 𝟔] = 𝟑 + [𝟑𝒏] = 𝟑 +
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝟔 + 𝟑𝒏(𝒏−𝟏) 𝟑
𝒂𝒏 = = [ 𝟐 + 𝒏𝟐 − 𝒏]
𝟐 𝟐
For sum of the series,
𝟑 𝟑
𝑺𝒏 = [ ∑𝒏 𝟐 𝒏 𝒏
𝟏 𝒏 − ∑ 𝟏 𝒏 + ∑𝟏 𝟐 ] = [ ∑𝒏 𝟐 𝒏
𝟏 𝒏 − ∑𝟏 𝒏 + 𝟐𝒏 ]
𝟐 𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 = , ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 =
𝟐 𝟔

𝟑 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
So, ∑𝒏𝟏 𝒂𝒏 = [ − + 𝟐𝒏]
𝟐 𝟔 𝟐
𝟑 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) − 𝟑𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) + 𝟏𝟐𝒏
𝑺𝒏 = [ ]
𝟐 𝟔
𝟏
𝑺𝒏 = [𝒏(𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏) − (𝟑𝒏𝟐 + 𝟑𝒏) + 𝟏𝟐𝒏]
𝟒
𝟏 𝟏
𝑺𝒏 = [𝟐𝒏𝟑 + 𝟑𝒏𝟐 + 𝒏 − 𝟑𝒏𝟐 − 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏𝟐𝒏] = [𝟐𝒏𝟑 + 𝟏𝟎𝒏]
𝟒 𝟒
𝟐𝒏 𝟐 𝒏
𝑺𝒏 = (𝒏 + 𝟓) = (𝒏𝟐 + 𝟓) Ans.
𝟒 𝟐

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 14 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.3

Q.2 𝟓 + 𝟏𝟎 + 𝟏𝟕 + 𝟐𝟔 + 𝟑𝟕 + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms.
Solution:
Here, differences of consecutive terms are in A.P
i.e 5, 7, 9, 11, …….; is A.P
So, We use method of differences
Let, 𝑺𝒏 = 𝟓 + 𝟏𝟎 + 𝟏𝟕 + 𝟐𝟔 + 𝟑𝟕 + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms ------(i)
or 𝑺𝒏 = 𝟓 + 𝟏𝟎 + 𝟏𝟕 + 𝟐𝟔 + 𝟑𝟕 + ⋯ … . . … … . . +𝒂𝒏 ------(ii)
Subtracting eq(ii) from (i), we have
𝑺𝒏 = 𝟓 + 𝟏𝟎 + 𝟏𝟕 + 𝟐𝟔 + 𝟑𝟕 + ⋯ … … … … . . .. to 𝒏 terms
−𝑺𝒏 = ±𝟓 ± 𝟏𝟎 ± 𝟏𝟕 ± 𝟐𝟔 ± 𝟑𝟕 ± ⋯ . . … ± 𝒂𝒏
________________________________________________________________
𝟎 = 𝟓 + {𝟓 + 𝟕 + 𝟗 + 𝟏𝟏 + ⋯ 𝒕𝒐 (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔} − 𝒂𝒏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟓 + {𝟓 + 𝟕 + 𝟗 + 𝟏𝟏 + ⋯ 𝒕𝒐 (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔}
𝒏
∵ Sum of Arithmetic Series 𝑺𝒏 = [𝟐𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅]
𝟐
Here 𝒂 = 𝟓, 𝒅 = 𝟕 − 𝟓 = 𝟐, 𝒏=𝒏−𝟏
𝒏−𝟏 𝒏−𝟏
⇒ 𝒂𝒏 = 𝟓 +
𝟐
[𝟐(𝟓) + (𝒏 − 𝟏 − 𝟏)𝟐] = 𝟓 +
𝟐
[𝟏𝟎 + (𝒏 − 𝟐)𝟐]

𝒂𝒏 = 𝟓 +
𝒏−𝟏
𝟐
[𝟏𝟎 + 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟒] = 𝟓 +
𝒏−𝟏
𝟐
[𝟐𝒏 + 𝟔] = 𝟓 +
𝒏−𝟏
𝟐
 𝟐 [𝒏 + 𝟑 ]
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟓 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)(𝒏 + 𝟑) = 𝟓 + 𝒏𝟐 + 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟑
𝒂𝒏 = 𝒏𝟐 + 𝟐𝒏 + 𝟐
For sum of the series,
𝑺𝒏 = ∑𝒏 𝟐 𝒏 𝒏 𝒏 𝟐 𝒏
𝟏 𝒏 + 𝟐 ∑𝟏 𝒏 + ∑𝟏 𝟐 = ∑𝟏 𝒏 + 𝟐 ∑𝟏 𝒏 + 𝟐𝒏
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 = , ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 =
𝟐 𝟔

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
So, ∑𝒏𝟏 𝒂𝒏 = +𝟐 + 𝟐𝒏
𝟔 𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
𝑺𝒏 = + 𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝟐𝒏
𝟔
𝟏
𝑺𝒏 = [𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟏)(𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝟔𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝟏𝟐𝒏]
𝟔
𝟏
𝑺𝒏 = [𝒏(𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏) + (𝟔𝒏𝟐 + 𝟔𝒏) + 𝟏𝟐𝒏]
𝟔
𝟏
𝑺𝒏 = [𝟐𝒏𝟑 + 𝟑𝒏𝟐 + 𝒏 + 𝟔𝒏𝟐 + 𝟔𝒏 + 𝟏𝟐𝒏]
𝟔
𝟏
𝑺𝒏 = [𝟐𝒏𝟑 + 𝟗𝒏𝟐 + 𝟏𝟗𝒏]
𝟔
𝒏
𝑺𝒏 = (𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟗𝒏 + 𝟏𝟗) Ans.
𝟔

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 15 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.3

Q.3 𝟕 + 𝟏𝟒 + 𝟐𝟔 + 𝟒𝟑 + 𝟔𝟓 + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms.
Solution:
Here, differences of consecutive terms are in A.P
i.e 7, 12, 17, 22, …….; is A.P
So, We use method of differences
Let, 𝑺𝒏 = 𝟕 + 𝟏𝟒 + 𝟐𝟔 + 𝟒𝟑 + 𝟔𝟓 + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms ------(i)
or 𝑺𝒏 = 𝟕 + 𝟏𝟒 + 𝟐𝟔 + 𝟒𝟑 + 𝟔𝟓 + ⋯ … … … . . +𝒂𝒏 ------(ii)
Subtracting eq(ii) from (i), we have
𝑺𝒏 = 𝟕 + 𝟏𝟒 + 𝟐𝟔 + 𝟒𝟑 + 𝟔𝟓 + ⋯ … … . .. to 𝒏 terms
−𝑺𝒏 = ±𝟕 ± 𝟏𝟒 ± 𝟐𝟔 ± 𝟒𝟑 ± 𝟔𝟓 + ⋯ … … … . ±𝒂𝒏
________________________________________________________________
𝟎 = 𝟕 + {𝟕 + 𝟏𝟐 + 𝟏𝟕 + 𝟐𝟐 + ⋯ 𝒕𝒐 (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔} − 𝒂𝒏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟕 + {𝟕 + 𝟏𝟐 + 𝟏𝟕 + 𝟐𝟐 + ⋯ 𝒕𝒐 (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔}
𝒏
∵ Sum of Arithmetic Series 𝑺𝒏 = [𝟐𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅]
𝟐
Here 𝒂 = 𝟕, 𝒅 = 𝟏𝟕 − 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟓, 𝒏=𝒏−𝟏
𝒏−𝟏 𝒏−𝟏
⇒ 𝒂𝒏 = 𝟕 +
𝟐
[𝟐(𝟕) + (𝒏 − 𝟏 − 𝟏)𝟓] = 𝟕 +
𝟐
[𝟏𝟒 + (𝒏 − 𝟐)𝟓]
𝒏−𝟏 𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟕 + [𝟏𝟒 + 𝟓𝒏 − 𝟏𝟎] = 𝟕 + [𝟓𝒏 + 𝟒]
𝟐 𝟐
(𝒏−𝟏)(𝟓𝒏+𝟒) 𝟏𝟒 + (𝒏−𝟏)(𝟓𝒏+𝟒)
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟕 + =
𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 𝟏
𝒂𝒏 = (𝟏𝟒 + 𝟓𝒏𝟐 − 𝒏 − 𝟒) = (𝟓𝒏𝟐 − 𝒏 + 𝟏𝟎)
𝟐 𝟐
For sum of the series,
𝟏 𝟏
𝑺𝒏 = [ 𝟓 ∑𝒏 𝟐 𝒏 𝒏
𝟏 𝒏 − ∑𝟏 𝒏 + ∑𝟏 𝟏𝟎 ] = [ 𝟓 ∑𝒏 𝟐 𝒏
𝟏 𝒏 − ∑𝟏 𝒏 + 𝟏𝟎𝒏 ]
𝟐 𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 = , ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 =
𝟐 𝟔

𝟓 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝟏 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟏
So, ∑𝒏𝟏 𝒂𝒏 =  −  + 𝟏𝟎𝒏
𝟐 𝟔 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝟓𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟓𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) − 𝟑𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) + 𝟔𝟎𝒏
𝑺𝒏 = − + 𝟓𝒏 =
𝟏𝟐 𝟒 𝟏𝟐
𝟏
𝑺𝒏 = [𝟓𝒏(𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏) − 𝟑𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝟔𝟎𝒏]
𝟏𝟐
𝟏
𝑺𝒏 = [𝟏𝟎𝒏𝟑 + 𝟏𝟓𝒏𝟐 + 𝟓𝒏 − 𝟑𝒏𝟐 − 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟔𝟎𝒏]
𝟏𝟐
𝟏 𝟐𝒏
𝑺𝒏 = [𝟏𝟎𝒏𝟑 + 𝟏𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟔𝟐𝒏] = [𝟓𝒏𝟑 + 𝟔𝒏𝟐 + 𝟑𝟏𝒏]
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐
𝒏
𝑺𝒏 = (𝟓𝒏𝟐 + 𝟔𝒏 + 𝟑𝟏) Ans.
𝟔

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 16 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.3

Q.4 𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟏𝟓 + 𝟒𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐𝟑 + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms.

Solution:
Here, differences of consecutive terms are in G.P
i.e 3, 9, 27, 81, …….; is G.P
So, We use method of differences
Let, 𝑺𝒏 = 𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟏𝟓 + 𝟒𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐𝟑 + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms ------(i)
𝑺𝒏 = 𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟏𝟓 + 𝟒𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐𝟑 + ⋯ … . . +𝒂𝒏 ------(ii)
Subtracting eq(ii) from (i), we have
𝑺𝒏 = 𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟏𝟓 + 𝟒𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐𝟑 + ⋯ … … . .. to 𝒏 terms
−𝑺𝒏 = ±𝟑 ± 𝟔 ± 𝟏𝟓 ± 𝟒𝟐 ± 𝟏𝟐𝟑 + ⋯ … ± 𝒂𝒏
________________________________________________________________
𝟎 = 𝟑 + {𝟑 + 𝟗 + 𝟐𝟕 + 𝟖𝟏 + ⋯ 𝒕𝒐 (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔} − 𝒂𝒏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟑 + {𝟑 + 𝟗 + 𝟐𝟕 + 𝟖𝟏 + ⋯ 𝒕𝒐 (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔}
𝒂(𝒓𝒏 − 𝟏)
∵ Sum of Geometric Series 𝑺𝒏 =
𝒓−𝟏
Here 𝒂 = 𝟑, 𝒓 = 𝟗  𝟑 = 𝟑, 𝒏=𝒏−𝟏
𝒏−𝟏
𝟑(𝟑 − 𝟏)
⇒ 𝒂𝒏 = 𝟑 +
𝟑−𝟏
𝒏−𝟏
𝟑(𝟑 − 𝟏) 𝟑 𝒏−𝟏 𝟑
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟑 + = (𝟑 − 𝟏) + 𝟑 = (𝟑𝒏 𝟑−𝟏 − 𝟏) + 𝟑
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒏 𝒏 𝒏
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 −𝟑 (𝟑 − 𝟑)
𝒂𝒏 = ( − 𝟏) + 𝟑 = ( )+𝟑= +𝟑
𝟐 𝟑 𝟐 𝟑 𝟐
𝒏 𝒏
𝟑 −𝟑+𝟔 𝟑 +𝟑 𝟏
𝒂𝒏 = = = (𝟑 𝒏 + 𝟑 )
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
For sum of the series,
𝟏 𝟏
𝑺𝒏 = [ ∑𝒏 𝒏 𝒏
𝟏 𝟑 + ∑𝟏 𝟑 ] = [ ∑𝒏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 𝒏
𝟏 (𝟑 + 𝟑 + 𝟑 + ⋯ … . +𝟑 ) + 𝟑𝒏]
𝟐 𝟐
Again by using sum of Geometric Series, we have
Here 𝒂 = 𝟑, 𝒓 = 𝟑𝟐  𝟑𝟏 = 𝟑
𝒏
𝟏 𝟑(𝟑 − 𝟏)
So, 𝑺𝒏 = [
𝟐 𝟑−𝟏
+ 𝟑𝒏]
𝒏
𝟏 𝟑(𝟑 − 𝟏)
𝑺𝒏 = [ + 𝟑𝒏]
𝟐 𝟐
𝒏
𝟏 𝟑(𝟑 − 𝟏) + 𝟔𝒏
𝑺𝒏 = [ ]
𝟐 𝟐
𝒏
𝟔𝒏 + 𝟑(𝟑 − 𝟏)
𝑺𝒏 =
𝟒
Ans.

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 17 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.3

Q.5 𝟕 + 𝟏𝟒 + 𝟒𝟓 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏𝟕𝟗 + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms.

Solution:
Here, differences of consecutive terms are in A.P
i.e 7, 31, 55, 79, …….; is A.P
So, We use method of differences
Let, 𝑺𝒏 = 𝟕 + 𝟏𝟒 + 𝟒𝟓 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏𝟕𝟗 + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms ------(i)
𝑺𝒏 = 𝟕 + 𝟏𝟒 + 𝟒𝟓 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏𝟕𝟗 + ⋯ … . . +𝒂𝒏 ------(ii)
Subtracting eq(ii) from (i), we have
𝑺𝒏 = 𝟕 + 𝟏𝟒 + 𝟒𝟓 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏𝟕𝟗 + ⋯ … . … .. to 𝒏 terms
−𝑺𝒏 = ± 𝟕 ± 𝟏𝟒 ± 𝟒𝟓 ± 𝟏𝟎𝟎 ± 𝟏𝟕𝟗 ± ⋯ … … ± 𝒂𝒏
____________________________________________________________________
𝟎 = 𝟕 + {𝟕 + 𝟑𝟏 + 𝟓𝟓 + 𝟕𝟗 + ⋯ 𝒕𝒐 (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔} − 𝒂𝒏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟕 + {𝟕 + 𝟑𝟏 + 𝟓𝟓 + 𝟕𝟗 + ⋯ 𝒕𝒐 (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔}
𝒏
∵ Sum of Arithmetic Series 𝑺𝒏 = [𝟐𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅]
𝟐
Here 𝒂 = 𝟕, 𝒅 = 𝟓𝟓 − 𝟑𝟏 = 𝟐𝟒, 𝒏=𝒏−𝟏
𝒏−𝟏 𝒏−𝟏
⇒ 𝒂𝒏 = 𝟕 +
𝟐
[𝟐(𝟕) + (𝒏 − 𝟏 − 𝟏)𝟐𝟒] = 𝟕 +
𝟐
[𝟏𝟒 + (𝒏 − 𝟐)𝟐𝟒]
𝒏−𝟏 𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟕 + [𝟏𝟒 + 𝟐𝟒𝒏 − 𝟒𝟖] = 𝟕 + [𝟐𝟒𝒏 − 𝟑𝟒]
𝟐 𝟐
𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟕 + 𝟐[𝟏𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏𝟕] = 𝟕 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)(𝟏𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏𝟕)
𝟐
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟕 + 𝟏𝟐𝒏𝟐 − 𝟐𝟗𝒏 + 𝟏𝟕 = 𝟏𝟐𝒏𝟐 − 𝟐𝟗𝒏 + 𝟐𝟒
For sum of the series,
𝑺𝒏 = 𝟏𝟐 ∑𝒏 𝟐 𝒏 𝒏 𝒏 𝟐 𝒏
𝟏 𝒏 − 𝟐𝟗 ∑𝟏 𝒏 + ∑𝟏 𝟐𝟒 = 𝟏𝟐 ∑𝟏 𝒏 − 𝟐𝟗 ∑𝟏 𝒏 + 𝟐𝟒𝒏
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
∵ ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌 = , ∑𝒏𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌𝟐 =
𝟐 𝟔

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
So, ∑𝒏𝟏 𝒂𝒏 = 𝟏𝟐 − 𝟐𝟗 + 𝟐𝟒𝒏
𝟔 𝟐
𝟐𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐𝟗𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟒𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) − 𝟐𝟗𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) + 𝟒𝟖𝒏
𝑺𝒏 = − + 𝟐𝟒𝒏 =
𝟏 𝟐 𝟐
𝟏
𝑺𝒏 = [𝟒𝒏(𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏) − 𝟐𝟗𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝟒𝟖𝒏]
𝟐
𝟏
𝑺𝒏 = [𝟖𝒏𝟑 + 𝟏𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟒𝒏 − 𝟐𝟗𝒏𝟐 − 𝟐𝟗𝒏 + 𝟒𝟖𝒏]
𝟐
𝟏
𝑺𝒏 = [𝟖𝒏𝟑 − 𝟏𝟕𝒏𝟐 + 𝟐𝟑𝒏]
𝟐
𝒏
𝑺𝒏 = (𝟖𝒏𝟐 − 𝟏𝟕𝒏 + 𝟐𝟑) Ans.
𝟐

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 18 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.3

Q.6 𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟐𝟏 + 𝟗𝟔 + 𝟒𝟕𝟏 + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms.

Solution:
Here, differences of consecutive terms are in G.P
i.e 3, 15, 75, 375, ……..….; is G.P
So, We use method of differences
Let, 𝑺𝒏 = 𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟐𝟏 + 𝟗𝟔 + 𝟒𝟕𝟏 + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms ------(i)
𝑺𝒏 = 𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟐𝟏 + 𝟗𝟔 + 𝟒𝟕𝟏 + ⋯ … . . +𝒂𝒏 ------(ii)
Subtracting eq(ii) from (i), we have
𝑺𝒏 = 𝟑 + 𝟔 + 𝟐𝟏 + 𝟗𝟔 + 𝟑𝟕𝟓 + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms
−𝑺𝒏 = ±𝟑 ± 𝟔 ± 𝟐𝟏 ± 𝟗𝟔 ± 𝟑𝟕𝟓 + ⋯ ± 𝒂𝒏
________________________________________________________________
𝟎 = 𝟑 + {𝟑 + 𝟏𝟓 + 𝟕𝟓 + 𝟑𝟕𝟓 + ⋯ 𝒕𝒐 (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔} − 𝒂𝒏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟑 + {𝟑 + 𝟏𝟓 + 𝟕𝟓 + 𝟑𝟕𝟓 + ⋯ 𝒕𝒐 (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔}
𝒂(𝒓𝒏 − 𝟏)
∵ Sum of Geometric Series 𝑺𝒏 =
𝒓−𝟏
Here 𝒂 = 𝟑, 𝒓 = 𝟏𝟓𝟑 = 𝟓, 𝒏=𝒏−𝟏
𝒏−𝟏
𝟑(𝟓 − 𝟏)
⇒ 𝒂𝒏 = 𝟑 +
𝟓−𝟏
𝒏−𝟏
𝟑(𝟓 − 𝟏) 𝟑 𝒏−𝟏 𝟑
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟑 + = (𝟓 − 𝟏) + 𝟑 = (𝟓𝒏 𝟓−𝟏 − 𝟏) + 𝟑
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
𝒏 𝒏 𝒏
𝟑 𝟓 𝟑 𝟓 −𝟓 𝟑(𝟓 − 𝟓)
𝒂𝒏 = ( − 𝟏) + 𝟑 = ( )+𝟑= +𝟑
𝟒 𝟓 𝟒 𝟓 𝟐𝟎
𝒏
𝟑(𝟓 − 𝟓) + 𝟔𝟎 𝟑 𝟑
𝒂𝒏 = = (𝟓𝒏 − 𝟓 + 𝟐𝟎) = (𝟓𝒏 + 𝟏𝟓)
𝟐𝟎 𝟐𝟎 𝟐𝟎
For sum of the series,
𝟑 𝟑
𝑺𝒏 = [ ∑𝒏
𝟏 𝟓𝒏 + ∑𝒏
𝟏 𝟏𝟓 ] = [ ∑𝒏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 𝒏
𝟏 (𝟓 + 𝟓 + 𝟓 + ⋯ … . +𝟓 ) + 𝟏𝟓𝒏]
𝟐𝟎 𝟐𝟎
Again by using sum of Geometric Series, we have
Here 𝒂 = 𝟓, 𝒓 = 𝟓𝟐  𝟓𝟏 = 𝟓
𝒏
𝟑 𝟓(𝟓 − 𝟏)
So, 𝑺𝒏 =
𝟐𝟎
[
𝟓−𝟏
+ 𝟏𝟓𝒏]

𝒏 𝒏
𝟑 𝟓(𝟓 − 𝟏) 𝟑 𝟓(𝟓 − 𝟏) + 𝟔𝟎𝒏
𝑺𝒏 = [ + 𝟏𝟓𝒏] = [ ]
𝟐𝟎 𝟒 𝟐𝟎 𝟒
𝒏 𝒏
𝟑𝟓 (𝟓 − 𝟏) + 𝟏𝟐𝒏 𝟑 (𝟓 − 𝟏) + 𝟏𝟐𝒏
𝑺𝒏 = [ ]= [ ]
𝟐𝟎 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
𝒏
𝟑𝟔𝒏+𝟑(𝟓 − 𝟏)
𝑺𝒏 =
𝟏𝟔
Ans.

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 19 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series

Find the sum of the following series.

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
Q.1 + + + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms.
𝟏·𝟑 𝟑·𝟓 𝟓·𝟕
Solution:
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
+ + + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms.
𝟏·𝟑 𝟑·𝟓 𝟓·𝟕
Here the general term for two Arithmetic Progressions
1, 3, 5, ……. and 3, 5, 7, …….;
So, By using A.P formula, we have
∵ Arithmetic Progression 𝑨. 𝑷 = 𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅
𝟏 𝟏
= ∑𝒏
𝟏{ = ∑𝒏
𝟏
𝟏+(𝒏−𝟏)𝟐} {𝟑+(𝒏−𝟏)𝟐 } (𝟐𝒏−𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)

Now by using partial fraction method

𝟏 𝑨 𝑩
Let = + ----(i)
(𝟐𝒏−𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) (𝟐𝒏−𝟏) (𝟐𝒏+𝟏)

𝟏 𝑨(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) + 𝑩(𝟐𝒏−𝟏)
Let =
(𝟐𝒏−𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) (𝟐𝒏−𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)

or 𝟏 = 𝑨(𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝑩(𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏) -----(ii)

𝟏
To get A, put 𝒏 = 𝟐 in eq (ii), we have
𝟏
⇒ 𝟏 = 𝟐𝑨 or 𝑨=
𝟐
𝟏
To get B, put 𝒏 = − 𝟐 in eq (ii), we have
𝟏
⇒ 𝟏 = −𝟐𝑩 or 𝟐
𝑩=−
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
∴ ∑𝒏𝟏 𝒏
= ∑𝟏 { − }
(𝟐𝒏−𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐(𝟐𝒏−𝟏) 𝟐(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 1
= {( + + + + ⋯ . + )− ( + + + ⋯+ + )}
𝟐 𝟏 𝟑 𝟓 𝟕 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏 𝟑 𝟓 𝟕 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏 2𝑛 + 1
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= { −
𝟐 𝟏 𝟐𝒏+𝟏
} By cancellation of terms

𝟏 𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏 – 𝟏
= { }
𝟐 𝟐𝒏+𝟏
𝟏 𝟐𝒏
= { }
𝟐 𝟐𝒏+𝟏
𝒏
=
𝟐𝒏+𝟏
Ans.

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 20 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.4

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
Q.2 + + + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms.
𝟏·𝟓 𝟓·𝟗 𝟗·𝟏𝟑
Solution:
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
+ + + ⋯ … .. to 𝒏 terms.
𝟏·𝟓 𝟓·𝟗 𝟗·𝟏𝟑
Here the general term for two Arithmetic Progressions
1, 5, 9, ……. and 5, 9, 13, …….;
So, By using A.P formula, we have

∵ Arithmetic Progression 𝑨. 𝑷 = 𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅

𝟏 𝟏
= ∑𝒏
𝟏{ = ∑𝒏
𝟏 (𝟒𝒏−𝟑)(𝟒𝒏+𝟏)
𝟏+(𝒏−𝟏)𝟒} {𝟓+(𝒏−𝟏)𝟒}

Now by using partial fraction method

𝟏 𝑨 𝑩
Let = + ----(i)
(𝟒𝒏−𝟑)(𝟒𝒏+𝟏) (𝟒𝒏−𝟑) (𝟒𝒏+𝟏)

𝟏 𝑨(𝟒𝒏+𝟏) + 𝑩(𝟒𝒏−𝟑)
Let =
(𝟒𝒏−𝟑)(𝟒𝒏+𝟏) (𝟒𝒏−𝟑)(𝟒𝒏+𝟏)

or 𝟏 = 𝑨(𝟒𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝑩(𝟒𝒏 − 𝟑) -----(ii)

𝟑
To get A, put 𝒏 = 𝟒 in eq (ii), we have
𝟏
⇒ 𝟏 = 𝟒𝑨 or 𝑨=
𝟒
𝟏
To get B, put 𝒏 = − 𝟒 in eq (ii), we have
𝟏
⇒ 𝟏 = −𝟒𝑩 or 𝑩=−
𝟒
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
∴ ∑𝒏𝟏 = ∑𝒏𝟏 { − }
(𝟒𝒏−𝟑)(𝟒𝒏+𝟏) 𝟒(𝟒𝒏−𝟑) 𝟒(𝟒𝒏+𝟏)
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= {( + + + + ⋯.+ )−( + + + ⋯+ + )}
𝟒 𝟏 𝟓 𝟗 𝟏𝟑 𝟒𝒏 − 𝟑 𝟓 𝟗 𝟏𝟑 𝟒𝒏 − 𝟑 𝟒𝒏 + 𝟏

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= { −
𝟒 𝟏 𝟒𝒏+𝟏
} By cancellation of terms

𝟏 𝟒𝒏 + 𝟏 – 𝟏
= { }
𝟒 𝟒𝒏+𝟏

𝟏 𝟒𝒏
= { }
𝟒 𝟒𝒏+𝟏
𝒏
=
𝟒𝒏+𝟏
Ans.

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 21 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.4

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
Q.3 + + + ⋯ … .. to infinity.
𝟏·𝟓·𝟗 𝟓·𝟗·𝟏𝟑 𝟗·𝟏𝟑·𝟏𝟕
Solution:
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
+ + + ⋯ … .. to infinity.
𝟏·𝟓·𝟗 𝟓·𝟗·𝟏𝟑 𝟗·𝟏𝟑·𝟏𝟕
Here the general term for three Arithmetic Progressions
1, 5, 9, ……. and 5, 9, 13, ……. and 9, 13, 17, …….;
So, By using A.P formula, we have
∵ Arithmetic Progression 𝑨. 𝑷 = 𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅
𝟏 𝟏
= ∑𝒏
𝟏{ = ∑𝒏
𝟏 (𝟒𝒏−𝟑)(𝟒𝒏+𝟏)(𝟒𝒏+𝟓)
𝟏+(𝒏−𝟏)𝟒} {𝟓+(𝒏−𝟏)𝟒} {𝟗+(𝒏−𝟏)𝟒}

Now by using partial fraction method

𝟏 𝑨 𝑩 𝑪
Let = + + ----(i)
(𝟒𝒏−𝟑)(𝟒𝒏+𝟏)(𝟒𝒏+𝟓) (𝟒𝒏−𝟑) (𝟒𝒏+𝟏) (𝟒𝒏+𝟓)

𝟏 𝑨(𝟒𝒏+𝟏)(𝟒𝒏+𝟓) + 𝑩(𝟒𝒏−𝟑)(𝟒𝒏+𝟓)+ 𝑪(𝟒𝒏−𝟑)(𝟒𝒏+𝟏)

Let =
(𝟒𝒏−𝟑)(𝟒𝒏+𝟏)(𝟒𝒏+𝟓) (𝟒𝒏−𝟑)(𝟒𝒏+𝟏)(𝟒𝒏+𝟓)

or 𝟏 = 𝑨(𝟒𝒏 + 𝟏)(𝟒𝒏 + 𝟓) + 𝑩(𝟒𝒏 − 𝟑)(𝟒𝒏 + 𝟓) + 𝑪(𝟒𝒏 − 𝟑)(𝟒𝒏 + 𝟏) -----(ii)

𝟑 𝟏
To get A, put 𝒏 = 𝟒 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = 𝟑𝟐𝑨 or 𝑨=
𝟑𝟐
𝟏 𝟏
To get B, put 𝒏 = − 𝟒 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = −𝟏𝟔𝑩 or 𝑩=−
𝟏𝟔
𝟓 𝟏
To get C, put 𝒏 = − 𝟒 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = 𝟑𝟐𝑪 or 𝑪=
𝟑𝟐
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
∴ ∑𝒏𝟏 = ∑𝒏𝟏 { − + }
(𝟒𝒏−𝟑)(𝟒𝒏+𝟏)(𝟒𝒏+𝟓) 𝟑𝟐(𝟒𝒏−𝟑) 𝟏𝟔(𝟒𝒏+𝟏) 𝟑𝟐(𝟒𝒏+𝟓)
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= ∑𝒏
𝟏 − ∑𝒏 𝒏
𝟏 𝟏𝟔(𝟒𝒏+𝟏) + ∑𝟏 𝟑𝟐(𝟒𝒏+𝟓)
𝟑𝟐(𝟒𝒏−𝟑)
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= [ + + + ⋯…] − [ + + + ⋯…] + [ + + + ⋯…]
𝟑𝟐 𝟏 𝟓 𝟗 𝟏𝟔 𝟓 𝟗 𝟏𝟑 𝟑𝟐 𝟗 𝟏𝟑 𝟏𝟕
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
or = [ + + + ⋯…] +
𝟑𝟐 𝟏 𝟓 𝟗
[ + +
𝟑𝟐 𝟗 𝟏𝟑 𝟏𝟕
+ ⋯…] − [ + +
𝟏𝟔 𝟓 𝟗 𝟏𝟑
+ ⋯…]
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
or = [ + + + +
𝟑𝟐 𝟏 𝟓 𝟗 𝟏𝟑 𝟏𝟕
+ ⋯…]− [ + +
𝟏𝟔 𝟓 𝟗 𝟏𝟑
+ ⋯…]
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
or = [ + + + +
𝟏𝟔 𝟐 𝟏𝟎 𝟗 𝟏𝟑 𝟏𝟕
+ ⋯…] − [ + +
𝟏𝟔 𝟓 𝟗 𝟏𝟑
+ ⋯…]
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
or = [ + − ]
𝟏𝟔 𝟐 𝟏𝟎 𝟓
By cancellation of terms
𝟏 𝟓+𝟏−𝟐 𝟏 𝟒 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
∴ =
𝟏𝟔
[
𝟏𝟎
]= [ ]= [ ]=
𝟏𝟔 𝟏𝟎 𝟒 𝟏𝟎 𝟒𝟎
Ans.

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 22 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.4

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
Q.4 + + + ⋯ … .. to infinity
𝟏·𝟒·𝟕 𝟒·𝟕·𝟏𝟎 𝟕·𝟏𝟎·𝟏𝟑
Solution:
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
+ + + ⋯ … .. to infinity.
𝟏·𝟒·𝟕 𝟒·𝟕·𝟏𝟎 𝟕·𝟏𝟎·𝟏𝟑
Here the general term for three Arithmetic Progressions
1, 4, 7, ……. and 4, 7, 10, ……. and 7, 10, 13, …….
So, By using A.P formula, we have
∵ Arithmetic Progression 𝑨. 𝑷 = 𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅
𝟏 𝟏
= ∑𝒏
𝟏{ = ∑𝒏
𝟏 (𝟑𝒏−𝟐)(𝟑𝒏+𝟏)(𝟑𝒏+𝟒)
𝟏+(𝒏−𝟏)𝟑} {𝟒+(𝒏−𝟏)𝟑} {𝟕+(𝒏−𝟏)𝟑}

Now by using partial fraction method

𝟏 𝑨 𝑩 𝑪
Let = + + ----(i)
(𝟑𝒏−𝟐)(𝟑𝒏+𝟏)(𝟑𝒏+𝟒) (𝟑𝒏−𝟐) (𝟑𝒏+𝟏) (𝟑𝒏+𝟒)

𝟏 𝑨(𝟑𝒏+𝟏)(𝟑𝒏+𝟒) + 𝑩(𝟑𝒏−𝟐)(𝟑𝒏+𝟒)+ 𝑪(𝟑𝒏−𝟐)(𝟑𝒏+𝟏)

Let =
(𝟑𝒏−𝟐)(𝟑𝒏+𝟏)(𝟑𝒏+𝟒) (𝟑𝒏−𝟐)(𝟑𝒏+𝟏)(𝟑𝒏+𝟒)

or 𝟏 = 𝑨(𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏)(𝟑𝒏 + 𝟒) + 𝑩(𝟑𝒏 − 𝟐)(𝟑𝒏 + 𝟒) + 𝑪(𝟑𝒏 − 𝟐)(𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏) -----(ii)

𝟐 𝟏
To get A, put 𝒏 = 𝟑 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = 𝟏𝟖𝑨 or 𝑨=
𝟏𝟖
𝟏 𝟏
To get B, put 𝒏 = − 𝟑 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = −𝟗𝑩 or 𝑩=−
𝟗
𝟒 𝟏
To get C, put 𝒏 = − 𝟑 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = 𝟏𝟖𝑪 or 𝑪=
𝟏𝟖
𝒏 𝒏
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
∴ ∑ = ∑{ − + }
(𝟑𝒏 − 𝟐)(𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏)(𝟑𝒏 + 𝟒) 𝟏𝟖(𝟑𝒏 − 𝟐) 𝟗(𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏) 𝟏𝟖(𝟑𝒏 + 𝟒)
𝟏 𝟏
𝒏 𝒏 𝒏
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
=∑ −∑ +∑
𝟏𝟖(𝟑𝒏 − 𝟐) 𝟗(𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏) 𝟏𝟖(𝟑𝒏 + 𝟒)
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= [ + + + ⋯…] − [ + + + ⋯…] + [ + + + ⋯…]
𝟏𝟖 𝟏 𝟒 𝟕 𝟗 𝟒 𝟕 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟖 𝟕 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟑
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= [ + + + ⋯…] − [ + + + ⋯…] + [ + + + ⋯…]
𝟏𝟖 𝟏 𝟒 𝟕 𝟏𝟖 𝟒 𝟕 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟖 𝟕 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟑
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
or = [ + + + ⋯…] +
𝟏𝟖 𝟏 𝟒 𝟕
[ + +
𝟏𝟖 𝟕 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟑
+ ⋯…] − [ + +
𝟏𝟖 𝟒 𝟕 𝟏𝟎
+ ⋯…]
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
or = [ + + +
𝟏𝟖 𝟏 𝟒 𝟕 𝟏𝟎
+ ⋯…] − [ + +
𝟏𝟖 𝟒 𝟕 𝟏𝟎
+ ⋯…]
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐
or = [ + − ]
𝟏𝟖 𝟏 𝟒 𝟒
By cancellation of terms
𝟏 𝟒+𝟏−𝟐 𝟏 𝟑 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
∴ =
𝟏𝟖
[
𝟒
]= [ ]= [ ]=
𝟏𝟖 𝟒 𝟔 𝟒 𝟐𝟒
Ans.

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 23 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.4

Find sum of the series:

∞
𝟏
𝐐. 𝟓 ∑
𝟒𝒌𝟐−𝟏
𝒌=𝟏
Solution:
𝟏 𝟏
∑∞
𝒌=𝟏 = ∑∞
𝒌=𝟏
𝟒𝒌𝟐 −𝟏 (𝟐𝒌−𝟏)(𝟐𝒌+𝟏)

Now by using partial fraction method

𝟏 𝑨 𝑩
Let = + ----(i)
(𝟐𝒌−𝟏)(𝟐𝒌+𝟏) (𝟐𝒌−𝟏) (𝟐𝒌+𝟏)

𝟏 𝑨(𝟐𝒌+𝟏)+ 𝑩(𝟐𝒌−𝟏)
Let =
(𝟐𝒌−𝟏)(𝟐𝒌+𝟏) (𝟐𝒌−𝟏)(𝟐𝒌+𝟏)

or 𝟏 = 𝑨(𝟐𝒌 + 𝟏) + 𝑩(𝟐𝒌 − 𝟏) -----(ii)

𝟏 𝟏
To get A, put 𝒌 = 𝟐 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = 𝟐𝑨 or 𝑨=
𝟐
𝟏 𝟏
To get B, put 𝒌 = − 𝟐 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = −𝟐𝑩 or 𝑩=−
𝟐
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
∴ ∑∞
𝒌=𝟏 = ∑∞
𝒌=𝟏 { − }
(𝟐𝒌−𝟏)(𝟐𝒌+𝟏) 𝟐(𝟐𝒌−𝟏) 𝟐(𝟐𝒌+𝟏)
𝟏 𝟏
= ∑∞
𝒌=𝟏 − ∑∞
𝒌=𝟏 𝟐(𝟐𝒌+𝟏)
𝟐(𝟐𝒌−𝟏)
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= [ + + + ⋯…] − [ + + + ⋯…] = [ ] By cancellation of terms
𝟐 𝟏 𝟑 𝟓 𝟐 𝟑 𝟓 𝟕 𝟐 𝟏
𝟏
∴ =
𝟐
Ans.

𝒏
𝟏
𝐐. 𝟔 ∑
𝟗𝒌𝟐 + 𝟑𝒌 − 𝟐
𝒌=𝟏
Solution:
𝟏 𝟏
∑𝒏𝒌=𝟏 = ∑𝒏𝒌=𝟏
𝟗𝒌𝟐 +𝟑𝒌−𝟐 (𝟑𝒌−𝟏)(𝟑𝒌+𝟐)

Now by using partial fraction method

𝟏 𝑨 𝑩
Let = + ----(i)
(𝟑𝒌−𝟏)(𝟑𝒌+𝟐) (𝟑𝒌−𝟏) (𝟑𝒌+𝟐)

𝟏 𝑨(𝟑𝒌+𝟐)+ 𝑩(𝟑𝒌−𝟏)
Let =
(𝟑𝒌−𝟏)(𝟑𝒌+𝟐) (𝟑𝒌−𝟏)(𝟑𝒌+𝟐)

or 𝟏 = 𝑨(𝟑𝒌 + 𝟐) + 𝑩(𝟑𝒌 − 𝟏) -----(ii)

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 24 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.4

𝟏 𝟏
To get A, put 𝒌 = 𝟑 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = 𝟑𝑨 or 𝑨=
𝟑
𝟐 𝟏
To get B, put 𝒌 = − 𝟑 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = −𝟑𝑩 or 𝑩=−
𝟑
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
∴ ∑∞
𝒌=𝟏 = ∑∞
𝒌=𝟏 { − }
(𝟑𝒌−𝟏)(𝟑𝒌+𝟐) 𝟑(𝟑𝒌−𝟏) 𝟑(𝟑𝒌+𝟐)
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= {( + + + + ⋯.+ )−( + + + ⋯+ + )}
𝟑 𝟐 𝟓 𝟖 𝟏𝟏 𝟑𝒏−𝟏 𝟓 𝟖 𝟏𝟏 𝟑𝒏−𝟏 𝟑𝒏+𝟐
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= { − } By cancellation of terms
𝟑 𝟐 𝟑𝒏+𝟐
𝟏 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟐 – 𝟐 𝟏 𝟑𝒏 𝒏
= {
𝟑 𝟐(𝟑𝒏+𝟐)
}= {
𝟑 𝟐(𝟑𝒏+𝟐)
}=
𝟐(𝟑𝒏+𝟐)
Ans.

∞
𝟏
𝐐. 𝟕 ∑
𝒌𝟐 − 𝟏
𝒌=𝟐
Solution:
𝟏 𝟏
∑∞
𝒌=𝟐 = ∑∞
𝒌=𝟐
𝒌𝟐 −𝟏 (𝒌−𝟏)(𝒌+𝟏)

Now by using partial fraction method

𝟏 𝑨 𝑩
Let = + ----(i)
(𝒌−𝟏)(𝒌+𝟏) (𝒌−𝟏) (𝟐+𝟏)

𝟏 𝑨(𝒌+𝟏)+ 𝑩(𝒌−𝟏)
Let =
(𝒌−𝟏)(𝒌+𝟏) (𝒌−𝟏)(𝒌+𝟏)

or 𝟏 = 𝑨(𝒌 + 𝟏) + 𝑩(𝒌 − 𝟏) -----(ii)

𝟏
To get A, put 𝒌 = 𝟏 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = 𝟐𝑨 or 𝑨=
𝟐
𝟏
To get B, put 𝒌 = −𝟏 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = −𝟐𝑩 or 𝑩=−
𝟐
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
∴ ∑∞
𝒌=𝟐 = ∑∞
𝒌=𝟐 { − }
(𝒌−𝟏)(𝒌+𝟏) 𝟐(𝒌−𝟏) 𝟐(𝒌+𝟏)
𝟏 𝟏
= ∑∞
𝒌=𝟐 − ∑∞
𝒌=𝟐 𝟐(𝒌+𝟏)
𝟐(𝒌−𝟏)
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= [ + + + ⋯…] − [ + + + ⋯…]
𝟐 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 𝟓
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
or = [ + ]
𝟐 𝟏 𝟐
By cancellation of terms
𝟏 𝟐+𝟏 𝟏 𝟑 𝟑
∴ = [
𝟐 𝟐
]= [ ]=
𝟐 𝟐 𝟒
Ans.

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 25 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Exercise No. 5.4

𝒏
𝟏
𝐐. 𝟖 ∑
(𝒌𝟐 − 𝒌)
𝒌=𝟐
Solution:
𝟏 𝟏
∑𝒏𝒌=𝟐 = ∑𝒏𝒌=𝟐
(𝒌𝟐 −𝒌) 𝒌(𝒌−𝟏)

Now by using partial fraction method

𝟏 𝑨 𝑩
Let = + ----(i)
𝒌(𝒌−𝟏) 𝒌 (𝒌−𝟏)

𝟏 𝑨(𝒌−𝟏)+ 𝑩𝒌
Let =
𝒌(𝒌−𝟏) 𝒌(𝒌−𝟏)

or 𝟏 = 𝑨(𝒌 − 𝟏) + 𝑩𝒌 -----(ii)
To get A, put 𝒌 = 𝟎 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = −𝟏𝑨 or 𝑨 = −𝟏
To get B, put 𝒌 = 𝟏 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = 𝑩(𝟏) or 𝑩=𝟏
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
∴ ∑∞
𝒌=𝟐 = ∑∞
𝒌=𝟐 { − }
𝒌(𝒌−𝟏) 𝒌−𝟏 𝒌
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= ( + + + + ⋯.+ ) − ( + + + ⋯.+ + )
𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 𝒏−𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 𝒏−𝟏 𝒏
𝟏 𝟏
= − By cancellation of terms
𝟏 𝒏

𝒏−𝟏
=
𝒏
Ans.

Professor B.M Narwani

(Mathematics)
0313-2959853

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 26 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series

Q.1 Sum of the following series up to 𝒏 terms.

212 + 422 + 632 + ….
Solution:
212 + 522 + 832 + ….
Here there are two series
2 + 4 + 6 + …. up to 𝒏 terms & 12 + 22 + 32 + …. up to 𝒏 term
∵ 𝑻𝒏 = 𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅 ∵ 𝑻𝒏 = 𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅

Here 𝒂 = 𝟐, 𝒅 = 𝟒 − 𝟐 = 𝟐 Here 𝒂 = 𝟏, 𝒅 = 𝟐 − 𝟏 = 𝟏
So, 𝑻𝒏 = 𝟐 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟐 So, 𝑻𝒏 = 𝟏 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟏
𝑻𝒏 = 𝟐 + 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟐 𝑻𝒏 = 𝟏 + 𝒏 − 𝟏 = 𝒏
So, 𝑻𝒏 = 𝟐𝒏 So, 𝑻𝒏 = 𝒏𝟐
⇒ 𝑺 = (𝟐𝒏)𝒏𝟐 = 𝟐𝒏𝟑
⇒ 𝑺 = 𝟐 ∑ 𝒏𝟑

𝒏 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐
∵ ∑ 𝒌 =𝟏 𝒌
𝟑
=[ ]
𝟐

𝒏𝟐 (𝒏+𝟏)𝟐
So, ∑𝒏𝒏 =𝟏 𝟐𝒏𝟑 = 𝟐
𝟒
𝟐
𝒏𝟐(𝒏+𝟏)
or =
𝟐
Ans.

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
Q.2 Sum the series + + + ⋯ … .. to infinity.
𝟏·𝟒 𝟒·𝟕 𝟕·𝟏𝟎
Solution:
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
+ + + ⋯ … .. to infinity
𝟏·𝟒 𝟒·𝟕 𝟕·𝟏𝟎
Here the general term for two Arithmetic Progressions
1, 4, 7, ……. and 4, 7, 10, …….
So, By using A.P formula, we have

∵ Arithmetic Progression 𝑨. 𝑷 = 𝒂 + (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝒅

𝟏 𝟏
= ∑𝒏
𝟏{ = ∑𝒏
𝟏
𝟏+(𝒏−𝟏)𝟑} {𝟒+(𝒏−𝟏)𝟑} (𝟑𝒏−𝟐)(𝟑𝒏+𝟏)

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 27 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Review Exercise 5

Now by using partial fraction method

𝟏 𝑨 𝑩
Let = + ----(i)
(𝟑𝒏−𝟐)(𝟑𝒏+𝟏) (𝟑𝒏−𝟐) (𝟑𝒏+𝟏)

𝟏 𝑨(𝟑𝒏+𝟏)+ 𝑩(𝟑𝒏−𝟐)
Let =
(𝟑𝒏−𝟐)(𝟑𝒏+𝟏) (𝟑𝒏−𝟐)(𝟑𝒏+𝟏)

or 𝟏 = 𝑨(𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏) + 𝑩(𝟑𝒏 − 𝟐) -----(ii)

𝟐 𝟏
To get A, put 𝒏 = 𝟑 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = 𝟑𝑨 or 𝑨=
𝟑
𝟏 𝟏
To get B, put 𝒏 = − 𝟑 in eq (ii), we have 𝟏 = −𝟑𝑩 or 𝑩=−
𝟑
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
∴ ∑𝒏𝟏 = ∑𝒏𝟏 { − }
(𝟑𝒏−𝟐)(𝟑𝒏+𝟏) 𝟑(𝟑𝒏−𝟐) 𝟑(𝟑𝒏+𝟏)
𝟏 𝟏
= ∑𝒏
𝟏 − ∑𝒏
𝟏
𝟑(𝟑𝒏−𝟐) 𝟑(𝟑𝒏+𝟏)

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= [ + + + ⋯…] − [ + + + ⋯…]
𝟑 𝟏 𝟒 𝟕 𝟑 𝟒 𝟕 𝟏𝟎

𝟏 𝟏
or = [ ]
𝟑 𝟏
By cancellation of terms
𝟏
∴ =
𝟑
Ans.

Q.3 Choose the correct option.

(i) If 𝒂𝒏 = 𝟓 − 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟐𝒏𝟐 , then 𝒂𝟐𝒏 = _________
(a) 𝟓 − 𝟔𝒏 + 𝟐𝒏𝟐 (b) 𝟓 − 𝟔𝒏 + 𝟒𝒏𝟐 (c) 𝟓 + 𝟔𝒏 + 𝟒𝒏𝟐 (d) 𝟓 − 𝟔𝒏 + 𝟖𝒏𝟐

(ii) If 𝒂𝒏−𝟐 = 𝟑𝒏 − 𝟏𝟏, then 𝒂𝒏 = _________

(a) 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟓 (b) 𝟑𝒏 − 𝟓 (c) 𝟑𝒏 − 𝟗 (d) 𝟑𝒏 − 𝟏𝟑

(iii) ∑𝟓𝟎
𝟏 𝒏 = _______
(a) 1274 (b) 1275 (c) 1280 (d) 1285

𝟏
(iv) = _______
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟏 𝟏 𝟑
(a) + (b) − (c) + (d) −
𝒏 𝒏+𝟏 𝒏 𝒏+𝟏 𝒏 𝒏+𝟏 𝒏 𝒏+𝟏

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 28 | P a g e

Maths - XI Notes (Sindh Board) 05-Miscellaneous Series Review Exercise 5

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
(v) The nth term of , , , … .. is _______
𝟐 𝟓 𝟖
𝟏 𝟏
(a) (b) 𝟑𝒏 − 𝟏 (c) 𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏 (d)
𝟑𝒏−𝟏 𝟑𝒏+𝟏

(vi) ∑ 𝒏 is equal to:

𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏𝟐 (𝒏+𝟏)
(a) (b) (c) (d) 𝒏𝟐
𝟐 𝟔 𝟐

(vii) ∑ 𝒏𝟐 is equal to:

𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏𝟐 (𝒏+𝟏)
(a) (b) (c) (d) 𝒏𝟐
𝟐 𝟔 𝟐

(viii) ∑ 𝒏𝟑 is equal to:

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏𝟐 (𝒏+𝟏)𝟐 𝟐
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏) 𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
(a) (b) (c) (d)
𝟐 𝟔 𝟒 𝟒

(ix) If 𝑺𝒏 = (𝒏 + 𝟏)𝟐 , then 𝑺𝟐𝒏 is equal to: _________

(a) 𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏 (b) 𝟒𝒏𝟐 + 𝟒𝒏 + 𝟏 (c) (𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏)𝟐 (d) Cannot be determined

(x) ∑𝟐𝟎 𝟎
𝒏=𝟑 𝒏 = ______
(a) 1 (b) 19 (c) 20 (d) 18

Professor B.M Narwani

(Mathematics)
0313-2959853

Professor B.M Narwani (Mathematics) # 0313-2959853 29 | P a g e