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Magnetic effects of current - Question and answer

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14 views4 pages

Magnetic effects of current - Question and answer

Uploaded by

poojayy10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CLASS : 10 PHYSICS

MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT

1) What conclusion do you get from the observation that a current carrying wire deflects
a compass needle placed near it?
A current flowing in a wire gives rise to magnetic field around it.

2) How can it be shown that a magnetic field exists around a wire through which a
direct electric current is passing?
When a magnetic needle is brought near a wire through which direct electric current is
passing , the needle shows a deflection , which proves that magnetic field is being
produced in wire.

3) Does a stationary charge produce magnetic field ?


No

4) What does the degree of closeness of the lines of force signify ?


The degree of closeness of the lines of force in a magnetic field , indicates the strength of
magnetic field in the region.

5) What is the shape of the magnetic field produced when current is passed through a
straight conductor?
The magnetic field lines around straight conductor carrying current are concentric circles
whose centres lie on the conductor.

6) Give the relation for the magnetic field produced by a straight current carrying
conductor.
B = ( μoI)/ (2πr)
μo - Permeability of vacuum, 4π x 10-7 tesla metre/ampere
I – Current in the conductor
r - Distance from the conductor

7) What is a solenoid?
Solenoid is a coil of many turns of wire, wrapped in the shape of a cylinder.

8) What happens when a current carrying conductor is kept in a magnetic field?


Force
F = BIL B- magnetic field, I – current, L – length of conductor

9) How is the direction of force acting on a current carrying conductor kept in a


magnetic field determined ?
By Fleming’s Left Hand rule.
Stretch the thumb, forefinger and middle finger of your left hand such that they are
mutually perpendicular . If the fore finger points in the direction of magnetic field and the
middle finger in the direction of current, then the thumb will point in the direction of
force acting on the conductor.

10) Give the relation for the force experienced by a charge moving in a magnetic field?
F = qvB q – charge, V – velocity of charge, B- magnetic field.

11) Draw a sketch of the pattern of field lines due to a current in a ( a) circular coil , (b)
solenoid

12) What are magnetic field lines ? How is the direction of magnetic field at a point
determined ? Mention two important properties of magnetic field lines.
Magnetic field lines are the lines drawn in a magnetic field along which north magnetic
pole would move. The direction of a magnetic field at a point is determined with the help
of a small magnetic compass. When a compass is moved along the magnetic line , then the
line drawn from the south pole of the compass to its north pole indicates the direction of
the magnetic field.

Properties of the magnetic field lines:


(i) The magnetic lines start from the north pole of a magnet and end at the south pole.
(ii) Magnetic lines are closer near the poles.
(iii) The magnetic lines of force never intersect each other.
(iv) A magnetic compass, when placed at any of the points on a magnetic lines of force, it
aligns itself along the tangent to the line of force at that point.
13) Describe an experiment to show the force acting on a current carrying conductor
placed in magnetic field.

To show the force acting on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field, an aluminium
rod AB is suspended horizontally by means of two connecting wires, between two poles of
a strong horse-shoe magnet. When a current is passed in the rod with the help of a battery,
the rod gets displaced. This displacement occurs due to the force experienced by the
current carrying conductor. If the direction of current is reversed, the displacement of the
rod also gets reversed, as the direction of force acting on the rod also gets reversed. This
shows that the force depends on current, magnetic field and also on direction of current, F
= BIL.

14) On which effect of electricity does fuse work?


Heating effect of current.

15) Why is A.C. preferred over D.C. ?


AC can be stepped up and stepped down ( voltage can be increased or decreased ).
Therefore , it can be transmitted to long distances without much loss of energy. That is
why, AC is preferred over DC.

16) What is the meaning of 50 Hz of A.C. supply?


In India, AC changes direction after every 1/100 second, so the frequency of alternating
current is 50 Hz.

17)What is the difference between two circuits used in household electricity ?


One of 15 ampere rating is used for higher power appliances and second of 5 ampere
rating is used for bulbs, fans etc. which are of lower power rating.

18) Describe the importance of earthing in domestic wiring.


The metal body of an electrical appliance is ‘earthed’ on connected by means of a metal
wire to the earth (which is at zero potential) to avoid the risk of electric shocks. This is
because if, by chance, the live wire touches the metal case of the electrical appliance, then
the current passes directly to the earth through the low resistance earth wire. Since the
current does not pass through our body, we do not get an electric shock.
19) Explain what is short circuiting and overloading in an electric supply ?
Whenever two wire live and neutral come in contact with each other which causes spark, this
incident is called short circuiting. In this case resistance of a circuit decreases to very small
value. The decreasing of resistance increases the current. Due to this increased current, the live
wires get heated. This heat produces a spark at the place of short circuit and sometimes may
cause fire in the building.

Every supply has a capacity to bear a maximum load, i.e., the power. Sometime the number of
appliances which are switched on at the same time have the power more than the capacity of
the line. It is called the overloading. In this situation, wires of the supply get heating due to
extremely large current flowing through them. Overloading may cause fire. Appropriate fuse
must be used to prevent overloading besides this electrical appliance at the same time must be
used bearing in mind the load of the circuit or line.

20) What is the role of fuse , used in series with any electrical appliance? Why should a
fuse with defined rating not be replaced by one with a larger rating?
A fuse used in series with an electric appliance limits the current through the appliance.
Thus, it protects the appliance due to short-circuiting overloading as when current exceeds
the limit for which the fuse is rated, it blows off and the appliance is disconnected from the
electric supply. When a fuse with a defined rating for a particular appliance is replaced by
one with larger rating, it does not blow off and the appliance is damaged due to larger
current passing through it.

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