VYDEHI SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE

SUBJECT: SOCIAL SCIENCE

CLASS: X
SAMPLE PAPER SOLVING

1. Identify the picture-

(a) Tripitaka Korena (b) Diamond sutra

(b) Ukiyo (d) Jikji

2. Arrange the following events in the correct sequence and select correct option.
1. Frederic Sorrieu prepared a series of 4 paintings.
2. French Revolution.
3. Napoleon was defeated.
4. Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed the king of united Italy.
(a) 3, 4, 1, 2 (b) 2, 3, 1, 4
(c) 1, 2, 3, 4 (d) 4, 3, 2, 1

3. The Non-Cooperation Movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920 aimed to achieve which
of the following objectives?
(a) To demand complete independence through non-violent means and self-rule.
(b) To overthrow British rule by using armed rebellion and force.
(c) To promote cooperation between Indians and the British government for reforms.
(d) To negotiate for dominion status with limited self-government under British rule.

4. The ‘Silk Route’ was an important trade route that linked the East and the West. Which of the
following goods were commonly traded along the Silk Route?
1. Silk and spices
2. Precious metals like gold and silver
 3. Slaves and textiles
4. Cotton and sugar
Options :
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1, 2, and 3
(c) 2 and 4 (d) 1 and 4

5. Which of the following crops is grown mainly in regions with high temperatures and heavy rainfall
in India?
(a) Wheat, which is suited for cooler climates and requires moderate rainfall.
(b) Rice, which thrives in areas with high temperatures and abundant water.
(c) Maize, which can grow in a variety of climates but requires moderate rainfall.
(d) Barley, which is primarily grown in cooler regions with low rainfall.

6. Minerals and energy resources are crucial for India’s development. Identify the correct statements.
1. Coal is the most abundant mineral resource in India.
2. India is the largest producer of bauxite in the world.
3. Petroleum is primarily extracted from the eastern regions of India.
4. Renewable energy sources are negligible in India’s energy mix.
Options:
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 4 only (d) 3 and 4 only

7. Choose the correct option from columns A and B.

Column A Column B
A. Chandrapur Thermal power plant 1 Odisha
B. Mayurbhanj iron ore mines 2. Amarkantak
C. Kalol oil fields 3. Gujarat
D. Bauxite mines 4. Jharkhand
Option :
(a) A - 4, B - 1, C - 3, D - 2 (b) A - 4, B - 2, C - 3, D - 1
(c) A - 3, B - 2, C - 4, D - 1 (d) A - 3, B - 1, C -4, D - 2

8. Why are political parties considered essential for the functioning of a democracy?
(a) They concentrate power in the hands of a few leaders to ensure efficient governance.
(b) They provide a platform for representing diverse interests and forming governments.
(c) They eliminate the need for elections by controlling all aspects of governance.
(d) They focus solely on maintaining law and order without engaging in policy-making.

9. Democracy provides people with the opportunity to choose their representatives. Which of the
following are outcomes of democratic elections?
1. Free and fair elections
 2. Choice of multiple political parties
3. Representation of all social groups
4. Government accountability to the people
Options :
(a) 1, 3, and 4 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 4 (d) 1 and 3

10. Which principle ensures that no single branch of government in India becomes too powerful,
thereby maintaining a balance of power?
(a) Federalism (b) Separation of Powers
(c) Judicial Review (d) Parliamentary Sovereignty

11. Federalism allows for the division of powers between different levels of government. Which of the
following subjects fall under the State List in India’s federal system?
1. Police and public order
2. Defense and foreign affairs
3. Agriculture
4. Communication
Options :
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 and 4
(c) 1, 3, and 4 (d) 2 and 3

12. Consider the following statements:

Statement I: The Indian Constitution provides for the abolition of untouchability.
Statement II: Discrimination based on caste is still prevalent in many parts of India despite
constitutional provisions.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) Only I is correct. (b) Only II is correct.
(c) Both I and II are correct. (d) Neither I nor II is correct.

13. In India, the Election Commission is responsible for recognizing political parties as either
parties or regional parties based on their performance in elections.
(a) National (b) Parliamentary
(c) State (d) Local

14. Which of the following indicators is commonly used to measure the economic development of a
country by assessing its overall wealth and standard of living?
(a) Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which calculates the total economic output.
(b) Literacy Rate, which measures the educational attainment of the population.
(c) Life Expectancy, which indicates the average lifespan of citizens.
(d) Human Development Index (HDI), which combines multiple social and economic factors.

15. The three sectors of the economy (primary, secondary, and tertiary) are interdependent. Which of
the following statements about the Indian economy are correct?
1. The primary sector includes agriculture and related activities.
 2. The tertiary sector provides services like education and healthcare.
3. The secondary sector produces raw materials for the primary sector.
4. The tertiary sector is the largest employer in India.
Options :
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 2, and 4 (d) 3 and 4

16. In modern economies, most transactions are made using money, such as currency
notes and bank deposits, which are widely accepted as a medium of exchange.
(a) Barter (b) Commodity
(c) Plastic (d) Paper

17. Consider the following statements:

Statement I: Globalization leads to increased interconnectedness of economies around the world.
Statement II: Globalization has no impact on cultural exchange.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) Only I is correct. (b) Only II is correct.
(c) Both I and II are correct. (d) Neither I nor II is correct.

18. Match the following and choose correct option:

Problems faced by farming sector Some possible measures
1. Unirrigated land A. a Setting up agro-based mills
2. Low prices for crops B. b Cooperative marketing societies
3. Debt burden C. c Procurement of food grains by government
4. No job in the off season D. d Construction of canals by the government
5. Compelled to sell their grains to the E. e Banks to provide credit with low interest
local traders soon after harvest
(a) 1-A 2-B 3-C 4-D 5-E
(b) 1-D 2-C 3-E 4-A 5-B
(c) 1-C 2-D 3-E 4-A 5-B
(d) 1-B 2-C 3-E 4-D 5-A

19. Interpret the following pie diagram and choose the correct option for the following question?

Why do tropical deciduous forests cover 35% of the total forest cover?
 (a) These forests are found in high-altitude regions.
(b) They shed their leaves in the dry season.
(c) They are found in the coastal areas.
(d) They are mostly located in desert regions.

20. Read the data given below and answer the question:
State Wheat Production (in tons per hectare) Rice Production (in tons per hectare)
E 3 4.5
F 2.5 6
Why does state F have higher rice production compared to wheat production?
(a) It has better soil for rice cultivation.
(b) It has fewer farmers involved in wheat farming.
(c) It lacks rice cultivation techniques.
(d) It has poor irrigation facilities.
SECTION B
VERY SHORT ANSWERS

21. “Gutenberg’s printing press revolutionized information dissemination.” Justify the statement with
suitable arguments.
• In the hundred years between 1450 and 1550, printing presses were set up in most
countries of Europe.
o Printers from Germany travelled to other countries, seeking work and helping start
o new presses.
o As the number of printing presses grew, book production boomed.
o The second half of the fifteenth century saw 20 million copies of printed books flooding
the markets in Europe.
o The number went up in the sixteenth century to about 200 million copies.
OR
“The printing press played a crucial role in the Reformation.” Explain how the printing press
influenced the Protestant Reformation.
• In 1517, the religious reformer Martin Luther wrote Ninety Five Theses criticising many of the
practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church.
• A printed copy of this was posted on a church door in Wittenberg. It challenged the Church to debate
his ideas.
• Luther’s writings were immediately reproduced in vast numbers and read widely. This lead to a
division within the Church and to the beginning of the Protestant Reformation.

22. “Green Revolution transformed Indian agriculture.” Explain its impact.

Since the introduction of the green revolution there have been exclusive use of the new technology in the field
of agriculture.
i) Use of irrigation technology –
Supply of water through pipes, use of motors for drawing water from wells, rivers, construction of canals near
rivers, construction of dams, etc.
ii) Use of modern tools –
Iron tooth plough, combines, harvesters, threshers, seed drills, tractors, etc..
 iii) Use of modern storage methods and cold storage –
Construction of godowns and silos
iv) Technology for animal husbandry and other agro-based economic activities – Hybridisation of Cows and
buffaloes for milk production under the activity of White revolution, advancement in egg production.

23. “Political parties are essential for democratic functioning.” Justify the statement with suitable
arguments.
• Modern democracies cannot exist without political parties. We can understand the necessity of
political parties by imagining a situation without parties.
• Every candidate in the elections will be independent. So no one will be able to make any
promises to the people about any major policy changes.
• The government may be formed, but its utility will remain ever uncertain. Elected representatives
will be accountable to their constituency for what they do in the locality. But no one will be
responsible for how the country will be run.
• E.g. Indian National Congress, Bhartiya Janata Party

24. “Globalization has led to greater interdependence among nations.” Justify the statement with
suitable arguments.
• The result of greater foreign investment and greater foreign trade has been greater integration
of production and markets across countries.
• Globalisation is this process of rapid integration or interconnection between countries.
• MNCs are playing a major role in the globalisation process.
• More and more goods and services, investments and technology are moving between
countries.
• Most regions of the world are in closer contact with each other than a few decades back.
• Besides the movements of goods, services, investments and technology and the movement of
people between countries.
SECTION C
SHORT ANSWERS

25. Since the economic liberalization in 1991, India’s trade with other countries has increased
significantly, enhancing export and import activities. As a result, international trade has become
a vital part of India’s economy. Why has international trade become so important for India’s economy?
Support your answer by giving any three reasons.
➢ India adopted the policy of liberalisation after 1991.
➢ The government decided that the time had come for Indian producers to compete with producers
around the globe.
➢ It felt that competition would improve the performance of producers within the
country since they would have to improve their quality.
➢ This decision was supported by powerful international organisations.

26. “The French Revolution created a sense of national unity and identity.” Explain the statement by
giving suitable examples.
➢ The revolution proclaimed that it was the people who would henceforth constitute the nation and
 shape its destiny.
➢ From the very beginning, the French revolutionaries introduced various measures and practices that
could create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people.
➢ The ideas of la patrie (the fatherland) and le citoyen (the citizen) emphasized the notion of a united
community enjoying equal rights under a constitution.
➢ A new French flag, the tricolour, was chosen to replace the former royal standard.
➢ The Estates General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the
National Assembly.
➢ New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated, all in the name of the nation.
➢ A centralised administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens
within its territory.
➢ Internal customs duties and dues were abolished and a uniform system of weights and measures was
adopted.
➢ Regional dialects were discouraged and French, as it was spoken and written in Paris,
became the common language of the nation.

27. “Arun is exploring investment opportunities in the mining sector but is unsure about the key
minerals found in his region.” Help him identify the major minerals available in his area and their
potential uses.
Arun is exploring the minerals means he must be searching them in the Eastern regions.
The important minerals found there are –
a) Iron ore, b) Bauxite, c) Copper
Also, he can develop the renewable resources like – solar, thermal, wind resources.
(Any 2 uses each).
OR
“Nisha wants to set up a small-scale energy plant using renewable resources. She is unfamiliar
with the types of renewable energy suitable for her location.” Guide her in identifying the most
appropriate renewable energy sources for her area based on local conditions.
Nisha needs to study the renewable energy sources like – Solar energy, Geothermal energy, wind energy,
Biogas, etc
These renewable energy resources are present almost everywhere.
She can study the status of the farming, waste material found there, cattle -cattle dung available there. So that
she can plan for the installation of the biogas plants, solar panels, wind mills etc.
The local conditions – urban or rural will enable her to plan the arrangement as per the need of the local
People.

28. “Democracy promotes equality among citizens.” Explain the statement by giving any three
examples.
E.g. – Equal job opportunities, Gender equality (equal remuneration act), Equal educational
opportunities.

Equal job opportunities – By creating reservations to the different caste and religious minorities
 By generating new jobs and giving the people opportunity to earn money.

Gender equality – Giving reservations to the women in economic and political field
Making new laws like Equal remuneration act.

Equal educational opportunities – By giving free education to all

By giving mid day meal scheme to the poor students so that they get opportunity to go to school

29. In the last few decades, India has made significant progress in reducing poverty levels through various
government initiatives. As a result, poverty alleviation has become a major focus in India’s
development agenda. Why is poverty alleviation crucial for India’s overall development? Support your
answer by giving any three reasons.
Poverty alleviation is crucial for India’s overall development because –
a) The poor people are the potential resources of India
b) They also utilise the other natural resources like water, food, petrol and use the industrial goods also
c) Thus the Poor people need to become the useful resources and not the burden on Indian economy.
d) For eg schemes like PAP poverty alleviation programmes, Mid day meal schemes, Free education for
all, free medical treatment etc

SECTION D

LONG ANSWERS

30. ‘The Partition of Bengal ignited the nationalist movement in India.’ Substantiate the statement
with key features.
The partition of Bengal was not the division of the territory but the religious communities as well.
The Hindus and the Muslim communities were divided.
Lord Curzon divided the Bengal province under the disguised motive of crushing down the
national movement against the Britishers.
After the partition the Hindus and the Muslims communities carried out rallies against the evil
motive of the Britishers.
They joined hands and moved together to present their unity.
They also celebrated Raksha Bandhan to symbolize the feeling of brotherhood among the
Communities.

OR
‘The Non-Cooperation Movement was a significant phase in India’s struggle for independence.’
Justify the statement with suitable arguments.
NCM – a) Aims of the movement – swadeshi/boycott/surrender of titles etc
b) Movement in the towns
c) Movement in the villages
d) Movement in the forests
e) Movement in the plantations …….. Participants in the movement, Method of movement, Whether
movement successful or not

31. Sunil notices that industries in his town are polluting the nearby river. What are the environmental
impacts of industrial pollution, and what steps can industries take to reduce pollution?
 Ans – All types of pollution – Names of pollutants – Effects of the pollution on human and
environment.
Treatment to each pollution – water, air, noise, land etc.
OR
Rani’s town is known for its textile industry, but many workers face poor working conditions.
What are the challenges faced by workers in the manufacturing sector, and how can their working
conditions be improved?
Ans – Challenges in the manufacturing sector –
More time less wages
No salary for the overtime
No extra facilities
No bonus for the year

Their working conditions can be improved –

By govt interference
By policies and labour laws
By ensuring full employment
By attracting the workers with – regular payment of salary/wages, incentives, paid leaves, bonus, retirement
plans etc

32. ‘Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy.’ Analyse the statement with relevant points.
- Moral reason of the power sharing –
- Rule of the people
- People choose their representatives
- People share the power with the rulers
- Due to power sharing both the rulers and the voters have a stake in the government.

OR
‘Belgium’s model of power sharing helped to avoid a civil war.’ Justify this statement with suitable
examples.
Accommodation of differences in Belgium –
-Changes in the constitution
- Power sharing at the centre
- Power sharing at the State
- Power sharing at Brussels
- Power sharing at community levels ………..each point explained in detail.

33. Miss X is interested in understanding why the tertiary sector has grown faster than the primary
and secondary sectors in recent years. Explain the reasons for the rapid growth of the tertiary
sector, particularly in services like IT, healthcare, and education, and how this shift has impacted
the Indian economy.
Provision of basic services –
Provision of Extra services –
Provision of special services on Demand
Provision of advanced services………….each point to be explained with eg.
OR
Ramesh, a fisherman (primary sector), sells his catch to traders who process and package it (secondary
sector), and then it’s sold in urban markets (tertiary sector). How do these sectors interact, and what
role does each play in the economy?
 Distinguish between the primary secondary and tertiary sector in answer –

SECTION E
CASE BASED QUESTIONS

34. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow :
The exchange of goods among people, states and countries is referred to as trade. The market is
the place where such exchanges take place. Trade between two countries is called international trade.
It may take place through sea, air or land routes. While local trade is carried in cities, towns and
villages, state level trade is carried between two or more states. Advancement of international trade
of a country is an index to its economic prosperity. It is, therefore, considered the economic barometer
for a country.
As the resources are space bound, no country can survive without international trade. Export and
import are the components of trade. The balance of trade of a country is the difference between its
export and import. When the value of export exceeds the value of imports, it is called a favourable
balance of trade. On the contrary, if the value of imports exceeds the value of exports, it is termed as
unfavourable balance of trade.
India has trade relations with all the major trading blocks and all geographical regions of the world.
The commodities exported from India to other countries include gems and jewellery, chemicals and
related products, agriculture and allied products, etc.
The commodities imported to India include petroleum crude and products, gems and jewellery,
chemicals and related products, base metals, electronic items, machinery, agriculture and allied
products. India has emerged as a software giant at the international level and it is earning large
foreign exchange through the export of information technology.
Questions :
1. What do you mean by international trade?
Trade between two countries is called international trade.
 2. What is meant by favourable and unfavourable balance of trade?
Favourable - When the value of export exceeds the value of imports
Unfavourable - if the value of imports exceeds the value of exports

3. What are the commodities export and imported by India in international trade?
Exported - gems and jewellery, chemicals and related products, agriculture and allied products
Imported - petroleum crude and products, gems and jewellery, chemicals and related products, base
metals, electronic items, machinery, agriculture and allied products

35. Read the given extract and answer the following questions.
The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is described as soil erosion. The
processes of soil formation and erosion go on simultaneously and generally there is a balance between
the two. Sometimes, this balance is disturbed due to human activities like deforestation, over-grazing,
construction and mining etc., while natural forces like wind, glacier and water lead to soil erosion.
The running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes deep channels as gullies. The land becomes
unfit for cultivation and is known as bad land. In the Chambal basin such lands are called ravines.
Sometimes water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope. In such cases the top soil is washed
away. This is known as sheet erosion. Wind blows loose soil off flat or sloping land known as wind
erosion. Soil erosion is also caused due to defective methods of farming. Ploughing in a wrong way
i.e. up and down the slope form channels for the quick flow of water leading to soil erosion.
Ploughing along the contour lines can decelerate the flow of water down the slopes. This is called
contour ploughing. Steps can be cut out on the slopes making terraces. Terrace cultivation restricts
erosion. Western and central Himalayas have well developed terrace farming. Large fields can be
divided into strips. Strips of grass are left to grow between the crops. This breaks up the force of the
wind. This method is known as strip cropping. Planting lines of trees to create shelter also
works in a similar way. Rows of such trees are called shelter belts. These shelter belts have
contributed significantly to the stabilisation of sand dunes and in stabilising the desert in
western India.
Questions:
1. The balance of soil formation and erosion is disturbed due to human activities. Give one
example to prove the statement.
balance is disturbed due to human activities like deforestation, over-grazing, construction and
mining
2. What is soil conservation?
Protecting the soil from getting condemned is called as soil conservation
3. Differentiate between gully erosion and sheet erosion.
Gully – Deep cut channels
Sheet – Top layer of the soil in affected.

36. Read the given source and answer the questions that follow :
DECENTRALISATION IN INDIA
This new system of local government is the largest experiment in democracy conducted anywhere in
the world. There are now about 36 lakh elected representatives in the panchayats and municipalities
 etc., all over the country. This number is bigger then the population of many countries in the
world. Constitutional status for local government has helped to deepen democracy in our country.
It has also increased women’s representation and voice in our democracy. At the same time,
there are many difficulties. While elections are held regularly of Panchayats and people participate
enthusiastically in it but meetings of gram sabhas are not held regularly.
Questions :
1. Why is Indian decentralisation considered as the largest experiment in democracy ?
Power sharing is done between the higher and lower authority to rule.
2. Analyse how constitutional status for local government has helped to deepen democracy in
India ?
By reservations – to OBC, SC and ST and women.
3. Explain any two steps taken by the Indian Government for decentralisation.
- Mandatory elections
- Reservations to the minorities.

SECTION F
MAP WORK
37. (a) Two places A and B are marked on the given outline map of India. Identify them and write
their correct names on the lines drawn near them.
A. The location of the Indian National Congress Session of 1927.
B. A place where Gandhiji ceremonially violated the Salt Law and manufactured salt by
boiling salt sea water.
(b) On the same outline map of India label any three of the following with
suitable symbols.
C. A major port on the South-East coast of India.
D. A major sugarcane producing state.
E. A Software Technology Park
F. A major dam in Odisha.