BASIC MATHEMATICS First Year Diploma (MSBTE)

KHARAT ACADEMY
Diploma and Degree in Engineering

FY Diploma (Semester 1) – MSBTE (I Scheme)

Subject – Basic Mathematics (M-1)

UNIT – 1

ALGEBRA
Chapter 2 – Determinants
(6 Marks)

Questions marked as ‘*’ are IMP Questions.

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 BASIC MATHEMATICS First Year Diploma (MSBTE)

CHAPTER 2 – DETERMINANTS (6 Marks)

Formulas-

No. Formulas

2 × 2 Matrix:
a b
1) A=| |
c d
= (a × d) − (c × b)

3 × 3 Matrix:
a b c
2) A = |d e f |
g h i
= a[(e × i) − (h × f)] − b[(d × i) − (g × f)] + c[(d × h) − (g × e)]

x1 y1 1
3) Three points (x1 , y1 ), (x2 , y2 ) and (x3 , y3 ) are collinear, if |x2 y2 1| = 0
x3 y3 1

Type 1 – Evaluate the Following Determinants

2 1 sinθ
1. | x −x| = |7 −3| 12. ∆= | |
−5 1 5 −3 sinθ 1
2 x x −4
2. | |=0 13. | |=0
x 2 −1 x
3 x x 1 −4 2
3. | |=0 14. | |=| |
x 3 4 x 2 x
−2 4 x 8
4. | | ∗ 15. Find x, | |=0
5 −1 2 x
2 −3 x 2 1 1
5. | | 16. | |=| |
10 −12 8 4 2 2
secθ tanθ 2 −3 x 1
6. ∆= | | ∗ 17. | |=| |
tanθ secθ 4 3 −2 x
2 x−1 2
7. |x − 1 x 2 − x + 1| 18. |
3 4
|=3
x+1 x +x+1
1 −tanθ x x 1 2
8. ∆= | | 19. | |=| |
tanθ 1 6 x 3 1
2
1 −cotθ 20. | x −x| = |7 −3|
9. ∆= | | −5 1 5 −3
cotθ 1
1 cosθ x 8
10. ∆= | | 21. Find x, | |=0
cosθ 1 2 x
1 cosθ
11. | |
−cosθ −1

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 BASIC MATHEMATICS First Year Diploma (MSBTE)

Type 2 – Evaluate By Process of Expansion

1. Evaluate following matrices by the process of expansion

1 2 −1 3 −2 1
(a) |3 −1 2 | (e) |3 −1 −2|
4 0 1 3 −2 −3
2 −1 −3 1 0 6
(b) |4 1 0| (f ) |7 2 5|
5 −2 1 3 4 6
2 4 1 3 −5 −1
(c ) |1 0 4| ∗ (g) | 1 3 5|
5 −1 3 −5 1 3
9 12 1
( d) | 1 4 1 |
1 5 3
2. Solve or Find x, if
4 3 9 x 4 −4
∗ (a) | 3 −2 7| = 0 (c) | 3 −3 1 | = 0
11 4 x −2 −4 1
1 x x 2 3 4 3
(b) |1 2 4 | = | 1 1 ( d) | 5 x x | = 0
|
2 2
1 3 9 1 3 2
2 3 1 2 3 x
−1 8
∗ (e ) |6 x 2 | = 0 (h ) | 1 0 3| = | |
2 1
4 x −2 −2 −1 0
2 2 −k 7
1 x x
(f ) |1 1 1 | = | 2 1 (i)Find k, if |3 −4 13| = 0
|
2 1
1 2 4 8 −11 33
1 −2 4 0 7 −2
(g) |1 x x | = |2 3 6 ( )
j |11 x 10 | = 0
|
−2 −4 4 8 1
4 6 9
3. What value of x makes the determinant
−2 0 0
|−6 x 1 | = −4
−4 0 −1

Type 3 – Solve the equations by Cramer’s Rule OR using Determinants

∗ 1. (a) x + y + z = 6, 3x + 3y + z = 12, 2x + 3y + 2z = 14
(b) x + y = 3, y + z = 5, z + x = 4
(c) 3x + 3y − z = 11, 2x − y + 2z = 9, 4x + 3y + 2z = 25
(d) 3x + y + z = 4, 2x − 3y + z = 7, x + y + 3z = 6
(e) 2x + y + z = 0, x + y + 2z = 0, 5x + 3y + 3z = 2
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(f) x + z = 4, y + z = 2, x + y = 0
∗ (g) x + y + z = 3, x − y + z = 1, x + y − 2z = 0
(h) x + y = 0, y + z = 2, x + z = 4
∗ (i) x − y − 2z = 1, 2x + 3y + 4z = 4, 3x − 2y − 6z = 5
(j) x + 2y + 3z = 6, 2x + 4y = 7 − z, 3x + 9z = 14 − 2y
(k) xy + yz + zx = xyz, 2xy + 3yz + zx = 4xyz, 4xy + 9yz + zx = 16xyz
(l) yz + xz + xy = 3xyz, yz − xz + xy = xyz, yz + xz − 2xy = 0
(m) yz + 2xz + xy = 2xyz, 3yz − 4xz − 2xy = xyz, 2yz + 5xz − 2xy = 3xyz
3. Solve the following equations by Cramer’s rule:
x+y+z=2
y+z=1
x+z =3
2. Do as indicated:
(a)Find x using Cramer ′ s rule, if 2x + 3y = 5, y − 3z = −2, z + 3x = 4
(b)Find x using Cramer ′ s rule, if x + z = 4, y + z = 2, x + y = 0
(c)Find x using determinant method, if x − 2y + 3z = 4,2x + y − 3z = 5, −x + y + 2z = 3
(d)Find x using determinant method, if x + 3z = 2y + 4, 2x + y = 3z + 5, 2z + y = 3 + x
(e)Find x using Cramer ′ s rule, if x + y = 5, y + z = 8, z + x = 7
(f)Using Cramer ′ s rule, find the values of x and y such that, if
x + y − z = 0, 2x + y + 3z = 9, x − y + z = 2
(g)Using Cramer ′ s rule, find the values of x and y such that, if
x + y − z = 4, 2x − y + 3z = 0,3x + 2y + z = 7
(h)Find z using Cramer ′ s rule of determinants, if:
2x + y + z = 11, 3x − 2y − z + 4 = 0, x + 3y + 2z = 19
(i) 4I1 − 3I2 = 2, 9I2 − 4I3 = 3I1 , −4I1 + 9I3 = 0. Find I1 , I2 and I3 using Cramer ′ s rule.
∗ (j)V1 + V2 + V3 = 9, V1 − V2 + V3 = 3, V1 + V2 − V3 = 1. Find V1 , V2 , V3 using Cramer rule.
(k)The currents I1 , I2 and I3 in three loops gave the following equations:
2I1 − I2 + I3 = 0, 4I1 − I3 = 2, 2I2 + I3 = 2. Find I1 , I2 and I3 .
(l)The following equations are obtained as a result of experiment:
P1 + P2 − P3 = 0, 2P1 + P2 + P3 = 26, P2 + P3 = 14. Find P1 , P2 and P3 .
3 2 4 1
(m) + = 5 and − =3
x−2 y−3 x−2 y−3
3 4 1 3
(n) − = 2, + =5
x y x y

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Type 4 – To find area of triangle and Collinearity

1. *Find the area of a triangle whose vertices are at the point

(a) (–3, 1), (1, –3) and (2, 3)
(b) (3, 4), (5, 7) and (–2, –3).
(c) (–3, 1), (–1, 3) and (–3, –2).
2. *Find the area of a triangle whose vertices are (4, 3), (1, 4) and (2, 3).
3. Find the area of a triangle having vertices are at the point (1, 4), (3, –2) and (–3, 16). Interpret
result geometrically.
4. *Find the area of a quadrilateral whose vertices are
(a) (3, 4), (0, 5), (2, –1) and (3, –2) (d) (–5, 12), (–2, –3), (9, –10) and (6, 5)
(b) (1, 1), (5, 2), (4, 4) and (2, 3) (e) (3, 0), (4, 5), (–1, 4) and (–2, –1)
(c) (1, 2), (–2, 6), (–3, –5) and (2, –7) (f) (0, 0), (1, 2), (4, 3) and (3, –1)
5. *If A, B, C are the point (–1, 5), (3, 1), (5, 7) and D, E, F are the mid-points of BC, CA and AB
respectively, show that area of ∆ABC= 4 × Area of ∆DEF.
6. Prove that area of triangle, whose vertices are (–1, 5), (3, 1) and (5, 7) is four times the area
of the triangle formed by the lines joining the mid-points of the sides.
7. Prove that area of triangle, whose vertices are (5, 2), (–9, –3) and (–3, –5) is four times the
area of the triangle formed by the lines joining the mid-points of the sides.
8. Find the area of the triangle formed by joining the midpoints of the side of the triangle whose
vertices are (0, –1), (2, 1), (0, 3). Find the ratio of this area to the area of the given triangle.
9. *State whether the following points are collinear –
(a) A (1, 4), B(3, –2) and C(–3, 16) (c) (2, 3), (–1, 0) and (2, –5)
(b) *(8, 1), (3, –4) and (2, –5) (d) (3, 1), (–1, 3) and (–5, 2)
10. Find the value of x, if the points (–5, 7), (x, 5) and (0, 2) are collinear.

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