Key Principles of Highly Resilient AWS CloudFormation, or

Systems Terraform.
1. Fault Tolerance:
o Ensure that system Example Architecture for a Large-
components can fail Scale Highly Resilient System
without causing overall Architecture Overview:
system failure.  Cloud Platform: AWS
o Use redundancy and  Purpose: Global insurance claim
failover mechanisms. management system
2. Scalability:  Key Features: Resilience,
o Support both horizontal scalability, and fault tolerance
(adding more nodes) and
vertical (increasing 1. Components
resource capacity of 1. Frontend:
nodes) scaling. o Amazon CloudFront:
o Use auto-scaling Distribute static assets
techniques based on globally.
demand. o Amazon S3: Host static
3. Disaster Recovery: content with versioning
o Implement multi-region enabled.
deployments with backup 2. Backend:
and failover capabilities. o Amazon ECS (Elastic
o Regularly test recovery Container Service): Run
processes. microservices using
4. High Availability (HA): Fargate.
o Maintain uptime by o API Gateway: Expose
distributing workloads APIs securely.
across multiple zones or 3. Database:
regions. o Amazon RDS (Aurora):
o Use load balancers and Highly available relational
distributed systems. database with multi-AZ
5. Observability: replication.
o Integrate monitoring, o Amazon DynamoDB: For
logging, and tracing for low-latency, high-
quick identification and throughput non-relational
resolution of issues. data.
o Use tools like Prometheus, 4. Data Storage:
Grafana, ELK Stack, or o Amazon S3: Store logs,
AWS CloudWatch. backups, and insurance
6. Automation: documents.
o Automate deployments 5. Resilience Enhancers:
and infrastructure o Route 53: For DNS routing
management using and failover between
Infrastructure as Code regions.
(IaC) tools like Terraform,

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 o Elastic Load Balancer 5. Monitoring and Alerts:
(ELB): For traffic o CloudWatch alarms notify
distribution. teams about anomalies.
o Auto Scaling Groups o S3 holds logs for long-term
(ASG): Scale EC2 storage.
instances for backend Infrastructure Engineering Example
processing. with Tools
6. Monitoring: Terraform Example for Resilient AWS
o Amazon CloudWatch: Setup
Metrics and alerting. provider "aws" {
o AWS X-Ray: Distributed region = "us-east-1"
tracing for debugging. }
7. Disaster Recovery:
o Multi-Region resource "aws_s3_bucket"
Deployment: Primary "static_site" {
region in us-east-1, bucket = "insurance-claims-static-
failover to us-west-2. site"
o Regular snapshots and acl = "public-read"
backups using AWS
Backup. versioning {
enabled = true
2. Workflow }
1. User Request:
o Users interact via a global tags = {
insurance claims portal. Environment = "production"
o Requests are routed Team = "infrastructure"
through CloudFront and }
reach backend services }
via API Gateway. resource "aws_rds_cluster"
2. Data Processing: "aurora_cluster" {
o Backend services cluster_identifier = "insurance-
deployed in ECS/Fargate claims-db"
process data. engine = "aurora-mysql"
o Data is stored in Aurora for engine_version =
structured data and "5.7.mysql_aurora.2.10.0"
DynamoDB for non- master_username = "admin"
relational data. master_password =
3. Resilience Mechanisms: "securepassword"
o Failover configured in backup_retention_period = 7
Route 53. availability_zones = ["us-east-
o ASGs handle load spikes 1a", "us-east-1b", "us-east-1c"]
automatically. scaling_configuration {
4. Disaster Recovery: auto_pause = false
o In case of failure in us- min_capacity = 2
east-1, traffic is routed to max_capacity = 8
us-west-2. }

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 tags = {  Resilience: Protect against
Environment = "production" failures with redundancy and
Team = "infrastructure" failover mechanisms.
}  Security: End-to-end encryption,
} role-based access, and
compliance with insurance
Challenges and Solutions regulations.
Challenge 1: Load Spikes During
Peak Claims Season Components
 Solution: Use auto-scaling in Frontend
ECS and ASGs to dynamically 1. Azure Front Door:
adjust resources. o Global load balancer for
low-latency routing and
Challenge 2: Multi-Region Failover enhanced availability.
Latency o Handles SSL termination
 Solution: Optimize Route 53 and forwards traffic to the
health checks for quicker failover. backend.
2. Azure App Service (Web Apps):
Challenge 3: Debugging Distributed o Hosts the insurance portal
Failures frontend.
 Solution: Implement AWS X-Ray o Autoscaling and SLA of
for full request lifecycle tracing. 99.95%.
Backend
Challenge 4: High Operational Costs 1. Azure App Service (API Apps):
 Solution: Use AWS Savings o Hosts backend APIs for
Plans for ECS and RDS to claims processing and
reduce costs by up to 50%. user data.
o Supports auto-scaling and
seamless updates.
Architecture Overview 2. Azure Functions:
Purpose o For serverless execution of
A global insurance claims management lightweight tasks like policy
system designed to handle high traffic, calculation and claim
ensure data consistency, and provide validation.
disaster recovery with minimal
downtime. Data Layer
Core Principles 1. Azure SQL Database
 High Availability: Services (Hyperscale):
operate seamlessly across o Fully managed relational
availability zones and regions. database with auto-scaling
 Scalability: Automatically handle and high availability.
traffic spikes during events like o Geo-replication for disaster
natural disasters or policy recovery.
enrollments. 2. Azure Cosmos DB:
o NoSQL database for
storing unstructured data

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 like documents, logs, and o Securely stores API keys,
user activities. database credentials, and
o Multi-region writes for certificates.
resilience. 3. Network Security Groups
Data Storage (NSGs):
1. Azure Blob Storage: o Protect PaaS services by
o For storing large insurance restricting
documents, images, and inbound/outbound traffic.
claims reports.
o Redundant across Resilience and High Availability
availability zones (ZRS) or 1. Azure Availability Zones:
regions (GRS). o Deploy App Services and
2. Azure Data Lake: databases across zones
o For analytics and large- for fault tolerance.
scale data processing. 2. Multi-Region Deployment:
Integration and Messaging o Primary region in East US,
1. Azure Service Bus: secondary in West US.
o Reliable message queue o Azure Traffic Manager
for communication handles failover and
between services. routing.
o Guarantees message 3. Disaster Recovery:
delivery for asynchronous o Azure SQL Database geo-
processes like claims replication ensures RTO
approval. (Recovery Time Objective)
2. Azure Event Grid: of minutes.
o Event-driven architecture o Regular backups using
to trigger workflows, such Azure Backup.
as notifications.
Monitoring and Observability Workflow
1. Azure Monitor: 1. User Interaction:
o Tracks metrics, logs, and o Users access the
alerts. insurance portal via Azure
o Centralized dashboard for Front Door.
application performance o Requests are routed to the
monitoring. nearest Azure App Service
2. Application Insights: for low latency.
o Provides detailed 2. Claims Processing:
telemetry for frontend and o Claim details are sent to
backend services. backend API Apps and
Security processed.
1. Azure Active Directory (AAD): o Long-running tasks are
o Secure identity and access offloaded to Azure
management. Functions.
o Single sign-on (SSO) for 3. Data Storage and Retrieval:
users and employees. o Customer data is stored in
2. Azure Key Vault: Azure SQL Database.

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 o Insurance documents are resource "azurerm_app_service_plan"
uploaded to Azure Blob "insurance_plan" {
name = "insurance-app-plan"
Storage. location = "East US"
4. Notification: resource_group_name =
o Status updates are sent to azurerm_resource_group.main.name
customers via Azure kind = "Windows"
sku {
Service Bus and Event
tier = "Standard"
Grid. size = "S1"
5. Monitoring: }
o Application Insights }
provides insights into
resource "azurerm_app_service" "frontend"
response times and errors. {
o Azure Monitor tracks name = "insurance-frontend"
overall system health. location =
azurerm_resource_group.main.location
Example Diagram resource_group_name =
azurerm_resource_group.main.name
(Simplified Flow) app_service_plan_id =
1. Global Access: azurerm_app_service_plan.insurance_plan.i
o Azure Front Door routes d
traffic to the appropriate }
region. resource "azurerm_sql_server"
"insurance_db" {
2. Compute Layer: name = "insurance-db-server"
o Azure App Services for location =
web/API apps. azurerm_resource_group.main.location
o Azure Functions for resource_group_name =
serverless operations. azurerm_resource_group.main.name
version = "12.0"
3. Database Layer: administrator_login = "adminuser"
o Azure SQL Database administrator_login_password =
(structured data). "ComplexPassword123!"
o Azure Cosmos DB }
(unstructured data). resource "azurerm_sql_database"
4. Storage: "insurance_db" {
o Azure Blob Storage for name = "insurance-db"
documents. resource_group_name =
o Data Lake for analytics. azurerm_resource_group.main.name
location =
5. Messaging: azurerm_sql_server.insurance_db.location
o Service Bus for server_name =
asynchronous tasks. azurerm_sql_server.insurance_db.name
6. Monitoring: sku_name = "GP_Gen5_2"
o Azure Monitor and }
resource "azurerm_storage_account"
Application Insights. "insurance_docs" {
name = "insurancedocs"
Terraform Configuration Example resource_group_name =
provider "azurerm" { azurerm_resource_group.main.name
features {} location =
} azurerm_resource_group.main.location
account_tier = "Standard"

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 account_replication_type = "LRS"
}