International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS)

Vol. 15, No. 3, September 2024, pp. 1468~1477

ISSN: 2088-8694, DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v15.i3.pp1468-1477  1468

Optimizing resilience in large-scale integration of renewable

energy sources: Exploring the role of STATCOM device

Chelladurai Chandarahasan, Edwin Sheeba Percis

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India

Article Info ABSTRACT

Article history: Modern power grids in regions with high renewable energy sources face
unique challenges. Incorporating renewable energy, like wind and solar, can
Received Oct 23, 2023 cause voltage, frequency, and power fluctuations, leading to instability. This
Revised Mar 12, 2024 study focuses on Tamil Nadu's extra high voltage transmission system, which
Accepted Mar 28, 2024 has significant wind generation. It explores the impact of large-scale
renewable energy integration and proposes the use of static synchronous
compensators (STATCOM), a part of flexible alternating current transmission
Keywords: systems (FACTS). STATCOM actively monitors and controls the grid,
ensuring stability under unpredictable conditions. It is observed that the
Grid optimization system maintains the grid stability with base rotor angle and voltage of 1.0 per
Reactive power unit during sudden loss 120 MW generator. Also, during the sudden loss of
Renewable energy sources all renewable resources, the grid maintains the stability with rotor angle of 60
Solar degree (base value). The findings provide insights into challenges and
STATCOM solutions, fortifying grid stability for accommodating more renewable energy
Transient stability without compromising reliability or efficiency.
Wind This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.

Corresponding Author:
Chelladurai Chandrahasan
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute
Chennai, India
Email: [email protected]

1. INTRODUCTION
The demand for electricity is rising worldwide, driven by the rapid growth of population and
technological advancements, which contribute to environmental pollution conditions [1], [2]. In particular,
power generation relying on fossil fuels contributes to the escalation of greenhouse gas emissions, leading to
adverse effects on climatic conditions attributable to pollution particles [3], [4]. This underscores the growing
importance of integrating renewable energy sources, particularly solar and wind, into the extra high voltage
(EHV) grids. Tamil Nadu's EHV grid, managed by the Tamil Nadu Transmission Corporation Limited, plays
a crucial role in this transition. However, the influx of renewables poses challenges to grid stability. This
research investigates the impact of renewable energy on Tamil Nadu's EHV grid, aiming to identify current
issues and potential solutions to facilitate smooth integration. Tamil Nadu stands out as a major energy
producer in India, with an energy mix spanning from traditional thermal to renewable sources like wind and
solar. By 2023, its installed capacity exceeds 38,000 MW [5], as show in Figure 1.
Tamil Nadu aims to significantly increase its reliance on green energy, targeting 50% of its grid to be
powered by renewables by 2030, as per the 2023-2024 government budgets [6]. This ambition coincides with
a surge in energy consumption, reaching around 18,000 MW. To meet this growing demand, Tamil Nadu plans
to boost its installed power generation capacity by an impressive 33,000 MW by 2030, primarily through
renewable sources. The plan involves harnessing the state's substantial renewable potential, including 20 GW
from solar energy, 70 GW from onshore wind energy, and 30 GW from offshore wind energy.

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Int J Pow Elec & Dri Syst ISSN: 2088-8694  1469

Wind energy-a driving force: Tamil Nadu's landscape is a testament to its remarkable wind energy
potential, especially in the Western Ghats. This region benefits from consistently high wind speeds, averaging
between 6.5 to 7.5 meters per second at a 100 m hub height. Areas like Shencottah, Aralvaimozhi, Cumbum,
and Palghat consistently experience strong winds, as shown in Figure 2 [7]. Tamil Nadu's installed wind power
capacity is a significant contributor to India's total wind energy production. To achieve its ambitious goal of
70 GW from wind energy, the state plans to introduce a new policy focused on re-powering existing windmills
to maximize the region's wind resources.
Exploring offshore wind-a game changer: beyond onshore wind potential, Tamil Nadu's extensive
coastline presents substantial offshore wind energy prospects [8]. These untapped offshore wind resources
represent a frontier of opportunity for realizing the green grid vision. Leveraging offshore wind can enhance
energy generation and diversify the renewable energy mix, ensuring grid resilience. With its strong wind
profile, Tamil Nadu has the potential to generate several gigawatts of offshore wind energy capacity. However,
ensuring the reliability of the network is increasingly challenging, especially concerning the planning and
operation aspects [9], [10].
Solar parks illuminating the future: Tamil Nadu's solar energy potential is equally compelling, thanks
to its equatorial location. The state receives approximately 5-6 kWh/m²/day of solar insolation on average. This
abundant solar resource can be harnessed through the installation of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels on various
surfaces, including ground-mounted solar farms, rooftops, and industrial facilities. Regions like Kamuthi,
Vellore, Sivaganga, Madurai, Ramnad, and Tirunelveli benefit from ample sunshine, making them ideal for
large-scale solar installations [11]. Solar parks in these areas not only capture solar power but also support
energy self-sufficiency and align with the state's clean energy goals.

Figure 1. Tamil Nadu's generation installed capacity as of August 2023

Figure 2. Key wind passes in Tamil Nadu (Global Wind Atlas – September 2023)

Optimizing resilience in large-scale integration of renewable energy … (Chelladurai Chandarahasan)

1470  ISSN: 2088-8694

Integrating substantial renewable energy requires detailed planning, stability analysis, and
contingencies assessment to ensure grid resilience and reliability. These analyses identify challenges and
develop strategies for a smooth transition, minimizing disruptions. However, these challenges also bring
opportunities, such as job creation, reduced water consumption, enhanced energy security, and alignment with
climate goals. Strategic investments in renewable energy infrastructure, power evacuation, and grid balancing
are essential. Tamil Nadu's commitment to a 50% green grid by 2030 reflects its dedication to climate
mitigation and environmental stewardship. This endeavor extends beyond regional boundaries, serving as an
example in the global fight against climate change by reducing emissions and fossil fuel reliance, aligning with
international climate agreements, and inspiring other regions to follow suit.
Based on the introduction, the motivations of this work are listed: i) Recognizing issues in power grids
with high renewable energy integration, including voltage, frequency, and power fluctuations that lead to
instability; ii) Concentrating on the specific challenges and dynamics of Tamil Nadu’s extra high voltage
transmission system, which features significant wind generation; iii) Investigating the consequences of
integrating large-scale renewable energy sources, with a particular emphasis on wind and solar, to understand
their effects on grid stability; and iv) Proposing the implementation of static synchronous compensators
(STATCOM), a FACTS technology, to actively monitor and control the grid and ensure stability under
unpredictable renewable energy conditions. The remaining of the article is organized as: i) Robust literature
survey attesting the scope of research and key findings is given in section 2; ii) Modelling of the test case is
illustrated in section 3; iii) Results and discussions describing the core outcomes is illustrated in section 4;
finally; and iv) Based on the attained outcomes, conclusions are given in section 5.

2. REVIEW OF EXISTING LITERATURE

In this section, the author presents a comprehensive overview of recent scholarly works as detailed in
Table 1 (see in Appendix). These works examine Tamil Nadu's renewable energy potential and address global
challenges associated with integrating substantial and fluctuating renewable energy into the power grid. This
literature survey emphasizes STATCOM devices and FACTs in enhancing power system resilience during large-
scale renewable energy integration. STATCOMs excel in reactive power compensation, voltage regulation, and
grid stability, supporting modern power grid reliability. Inverter-based resources reduce reliance on traditional
frequency control mechanisms, aligning with the dynamic nature of renewable energy sources (RES) integration.
Advanced control strategies, hybrid systems, and strategic FACTS device placement strengthen grid stability.
The research focuses on optimizing resilience in large-scale RES integration, with a specialized emphasis on
STATCOM devices, chosen over other FACTs due to superior technical and economic factors.

3. METHODOLOGY
The research focuses on Tamil Nadu's 400 kV Kayathar pooling substation, a pivotal RES integration
hub. Utilizing real-world wind data, the model was developed with "Power World" software. The substation
includes 8×400 kV, 11×230 kV, and 3×110 kV feeders, along with two 315MVA Auto-transformers for the
230 kV network and one 200 MVA unit for the 110 kV side. The system incorporates an 820 MW wind
generation capacity from seven wind farms and a 50 MW solar plant connected to the 230 kV and 110 kV
buses, as show in Figure 3 (see in Appendix). Wind farm feeders employ the induction generator model,
capturing real-world variability and responses. The 400 kV feeders serve as a key link to the wider power grid,
facilitating the study of transient behaviors. The model includes the connection of 5×210 MW generators from
the Tuticorin thermal power station to the 230 kV bus. System metrics, encompassing fault levels, system
characteristics, synchronous generators, transformers, and feeder specifications, draw from field survey data,
ensuring realism, and accuracy.

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

In power system analysis, the PowerWorld Simulator is an essential tool. For this research, an
electrical network model was meticulously developed using the simulator, with a base power of 100 MVA.
This approach ensured that system metrics like voltages, currents, and power were consistently expressed in
per unit (p.u.) values, simplifying analysis and maintaining component consistency. PowerWorld's user-
friendly graphical interface and comprehensive features are valuable for various system studies, with strong
capabilities in transient analysis to simulate rapid system changes under diverse disturbances. Within the
PowerWorld Simulator, the SVSM03 block plays a crucial role in modeling and simulating STATCOM
operation.

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Int J Pow Elec & Dri Syst ISSN: 2088-8694  1471

4.1. Observation of load flow analysis

The base caseload flow closely reflects real-time power flow and considers 100% RES generation
alongside 100% from 5×210 MW synchronous generators. Adhering to voltage limits as recommended by the
Indian grid code, ensures the 400 kV, 230 kV, and 110 kV buses operate within permissible levels. Reactive
power compensation is applied as needed. This load flow case, emphasizing maximum synchronous generator
contribution and prevalent RES, aids in practical stability analysis of the network. Details of sources and load
demand can be found in Tables 2 and 3. The total power generation in this selected scenario is 1917 MW,
comprising 1050 MW from conventional sources, 817 MW from wind generation, and 50 MW from the solar
park. This collectively represents the full capacity of the installed RES.
In this scenario, the pooling station efficiently manages maximum RES generation, reducing the
demand on synchronous generators and fulfilling 230 kV load requirements. This shift minimizes reliance on
conventional generation, creating a greener, and more efficient power system while optimizing renewable
sources. Load flow analysis yields crucial insights into the steady-state operation of the 400 kV pooling
substation. The introduction of renewable sources with variable generation patterns induces voltage
fluctuations, especially in highly renewable energy areas. Identifying these regions is vital for effective voltage
support strategies and grid stability within defined limits.

Table 2. Details of sources accounted for the study case

Generation details Rating (max) MW accounted % Gen Line type Line distance in KM
Power grid - -344.0 - - -
SynGen-5x210 MW 1050 MW 1050.0 100 Zebra 56.24
230kV VLUCY# 107 MW 107.0 50 Zebra 20.13
230kV WELSPAN# 50 MW 50.0 50 Zebra 5.56
230kV VLPNRI# 200 MW 200.0 50 Zebra 11.5
230kV SNGPN#1 150 MW 150.0 50 Zebra 26.3
230kV SNGPN#2 150 MW 150.0 50 Zebra 26.3
110kV KLVRNM# 40 MW 40.0 50 Panther 35
110kV AYNR#1 70 MW 70.0 50 Panther 2
110kV AYNR#2 100 MW 100.0 50 Panther 2
Total 1917.0

Table 3. Details of load demand accounted for the subject study case
Load details Line type per kM impedance Distance in KM MW MVAr
230kV ANUPM# Zebra 0.08+0.4i 65 100 48
230kV MDU# Zebra 0.08+0.4i 125 81 38
230kV TMPT# Zebra 0.08+0.4i 22 51 25
230kV KYTH#1 Zebra 0.08+0.4i 12 60 29
230kV KYTH#2 Zebra 0.08+0.4i 12 60 29
230kV TTN# Zebra 0.08+0.4i 56.24 1200 506
Total 1552 675

4.2. Assessment of transient stability-base case vs STATCOM

The study examines the stability of the 400 kV Kayathar pooling substation, assessing the impact of
combining 5×210 MW synchronous generators with maximum renewable energy generation. It aims to gauge
STATCOM's effectiveness in grid stabilization during contingencies. Various contingencies were assessed
with a transient analysis simulation time of 15 seconds and a 2-second contingency simulation.

4.2.1. Shutdown of 1×210 MW synchronous generator-1

To evaluate system stability, the deactivation of 1×210 MW synchronous generator-1 after 2 seconds
was simulated. The impact on reference generator II and the roles of both STATCOM devices in managing
this major contingency were analyzed. Figures 4 and 5 depict the results of this comparison, specifically
focusing on rotor angle assessment for generator II.
In the base case, system disturbances were observed when a significant generator was shut down.
However, integrating STATCOM greatly enhanced system stability. STATCOM, known for its quick response,
provided robust support for voltage and reactive power, effectively damping system oscillations. To offset the
loss of the key generator, the remaining generators and the exciter system increased their outputs, leading to
noticeable fluctuations in both active and reactive power. Eventually, the system reached a new operational
equilibrium.

Optimizing resilience in large-scale integration of renewable energy … (Chelladurai Chandarahasan)

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Figure 4. Plot of rotor angle stability of synchronous generators–1 & 2 for base case vs STATCOM

Figure 5. Plot of STATCOM dynamic VAR compensation

4.2.2. Loss of all RES sources

During the system's stability evaluation, an unexpected disconnection of all RES from the system
occurred after 2 seconds. This event resulted in a decline in generation by approximately 867 MW including
Solar Park. The efficiency of the STATCOM device in countering this significant disruption was investigated,
with the findings showcased in Figures 6 and 7.
Disturbances in this scenario were more pronounced than in 4.2.1. The abrupt disconnection of all
RES generators led to an immediate, sharp reduction in both active and reactive power. STATCOM quickly
stepped in to compensate for the reactive power deficit, minimizing the dip in bus voltage and regulating the
increasing voltage angle. Meanwhile, existing generators increased their outputs, resulting in noticeable
fluctuations in both active and reactive power. With collective efforts from the remaining systems and the
stabilizing role of STATCOM, the system eventually achieved a new stable operational equilibrium.

Figure 6. Plot of rotor angle synchronous generators–1 for base case vs STATCOM

Figure 7. Plot of STATCOM dynamic VAR compensation

4.2.3. Three-phase fault simulated in 230 kV Feeder#1

The system's resilience was tested by simulating a 3-phase fault on the 230 kV Feeder #1 with a 100
MW load for 100ms, initiated two seconds into the simulation. The evaluation aimed to assess the system's
responses and analyze how the STATCOM device reacted to this significant disturbance. Figures 8 and 9
provide the results of this extensive study.

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The charts depict the system's response to a 3-phase fault on 230 kV Feeder #1. At the fault's onset,
there is a notable voltage drop at the 230 kV reference bus, accompanied by significant changes in the rotor
angle of the reference synchronous generator. These changes result in fluctuations in both active and reactive
power, impacting the generator's speed. Without STATCOM, these fluctuations render the system unstable.
However, with STATCOM in place, it promptly supplies the necessary reactive power, stabilizing the voltage.
This rapid STATCOM action prevents substantial voltage drops and reduces fluctuations, and restoring system
stability. After resolving the fault, the system returns to its pre-fault state, highlighting the effectiveness of the
exciter system and STATCOM in maintaining stability during significant issues.

Figure 8. Plot of rotor angle stability of synchronous generators–1 for base case vs STATCOM

Figure 9. Plot of STATCOM dynamic VAR compensation

4.2.4. Three-phase fault at remote end wind farm bus

To assess the system's resilience, a simulation introduced a three-phase fault at the remote terminal of
the wind farm bus, which was contributing a significant 200 MW to the grid. This perturbation was initiated
2 seconds into the simulation and persisted for a mere 100 ms. The core aim of this analysis was to elucidate
the system's response in light of such disturbances. A comprehensive examination further spotlighted the
contrasting performance dynamics of STATCOM during this significant disruption. Detailed observations
from this exercise are captured in Figures 10 and 11.

Figure 10. Plot of rotor angle stability of synchronous generators–1 for base case vs STATCOM

Figure 11. Plot of STATCOM dynamic VAR compensation

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In this case, the plots elucidate the system's behavior in the presence of a three-phase fault at the
remote terminal of the wind farm bus. Following the initiation of this disturbance, there's a significant reduction
in voltage at the wind farm bus, accompanied by a pronounced deviation in the rotor angle of the primary
generator. As a consequence, both active and reactive power levels exhibit notable fluctuations, influencing
the operational speed of the generator. In the absence of STATCOM, the system demonstrates instability.
However, with STATCOM integrated, it responds promptly, supplying the requisite reactive power to maintain
voltage stability. Due to STATCOM's intervention, severe voltage reductions are mitigated and the system's
stability is restored. Once the fault is rectified, system parameters revert to their baseline levels, underscoring
the indispensable roles of both STATCOM and the exciter system in managing such disruptions. This
comprehensive stability analysis enhances our understanding of system behavior during critical disturbances.
STATCOM's introduction significantly improves the power system's resilience by rapidly injecting reactive
power during contingencies, maintaining voltage levels within desired limits, dampening oscillations, and
providing dynamic support during transient events. These capabilities ensure the system's return to stability
after disruptions, underscoring STATCOM's effectiveness in strengthening grid stability and addressing
identified vulnerabilities. The summarized results are in Table 4.
This work introduces several novel aspects in addressing the challenges posed by high renewable
energy integration in modern power grids, with a particular focus on the extra high voltage transmission system
in Tamil Nadu. By tailoring the investigation to this specific regional context, the research underscores the
importance of developing region-specific strategies to effectively manage the complexities associated with
renewable energy sources. A key contribution is the implementation of static synchronous compensators
(STATCOM) as part of flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS). This dynamic technology
actively monitors and controls the grid, offering a novel approach to ensuring stability under the unpredictable
conditions associated with renewable energy. Furthermore, the study pioneers a comprehensive impact
assessment, emphasizing the dynamics of large-scale integration of renewable sources, especially wind and
solar. Resilience testing under diverse scenarios, including sudden losses of significant power generators or the
entire renewable energy supply, provides a unique perspective on the system's robustness. Additionally, the
research introduces a real-time monitoring and control approach to maintain grid stability, addressing
uncertainties inherent in renewable energy sources. Overall, the study proposes a novel framework that strives
to balance sustainability and reliability, fortifying grid stability while accommodating increased renewable
energy without compromising efficiency or dependability.

Table 4. Base case vs STATCOM: transient stability observations

Contingencies Transient stability observations
Case
simulated Base case STATCOM
i Shutdown of Stable – System vulnerabilities surfaced Enhanced stability - With STATCOM, rapid
1×210 MW during a major generator shutdown, causing injection of reactive power significantly improved
synchronous fluctuations in both active and reactive system damping and expeditiously restored stability.
generator-1 power before stabilizing at a new operational
equilibrium.
ii Interruption of all RES Stable - Disconnecting all RES generators Swift reactive power compensation-STATCOM
generators caused a sharp drop in both active and promptly compensated for the reactive power
reactive power. The system eventually deficit, ensuring voltage stability and a quick return
stabilized at a new equilibrium but with to a stable operational state.
noticeable power fluctuations.
iii Three-phase fault Unstable - The system's response to a 3- Dynamic VAR support - STATCOM adjusted its
simulated in 230 kV phase fault on 230kV Feeder #1 included output, preserving voltage levels, and aiding swift
Feeder #1 voltage and rotor angle fluctuations, leading system recovery, mitigating the instability caused by
to instability. the fault.
iv Three-phase fault at Unstable - Following a three-phase fault at Stabilizing impact - STATCOM, when integrated,
remote end wind farm the remote terminal of the wind farm bus, the efficiently restored system stability by rapidly
bus system experienced instability, marked by supplying reactive power support, mitigating severe
significant voltage reductions and power voltage reductions, and facilitating a swift return to
fluctuations. stable system operation post-fault.

5. CONCLUSION
The simulations in various scenarios emphasize STATCOM's crucial role in enhancing power system
stability. In each case, STATCOM significantly improved system resilience, whether by swiftly compensating
for reactive power loss after a generator failure or providing dynamic voltage support during a fault. Notably,
in highly disruptive events like three-phase faults, STATCOM transformed potentially unstable scenarios into
stable ones. Its integration into power grids with substantial renewable energy is indispensable. Looking ahead,
further research can explore advanced control strategies for devices like STATCOM in renewable-rich grids.

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Analyzing STATCOM's synergy with other compensatory devices and assessing both technical and economic
dimensions are essential for developing adaptable and efficient power grids to meet evolving energy demands.

APPENDIX

Table 1. Overview of previous literature papers

Ref. no Scope of research Authors Key findings
[12] Grid stability with Chandarahasan Integrating a FACTs device into Tamil Nadu's EHV network can enhance
large-scale renewable and Percis stability, facilitating greater renewable energy sources (RES) integration.
energy integration This highlights the importance of effective monitoring, control and
mitigation strategies to accommodate variable large-scale RES
generation.
[13] Pathways for Tamil Rose et al. By 2030, substantial changes in Tamil Nadu's electricity supply are
Nadu’s electric power projected, driven by investments in wind, solar, and battery energy storage
sector: 2020-2030 systems (BESS), while reducing coal, hydropower, and nuclear capacity.
Emphasizing the necessity of policy, regulatory frameworks long-term
planning to meet state and national renewable energy deployment goals.
[14] Grid stability with large Sreedevi et al. Extensive wind power integration impacts grid stability. The
wind power integration TANGEDCO system can accommodate up to 29.3% wind generation
without stability issues. Highlighting the importance of grid codes and
wind generator ride-through capabilities to sustain grid stability.
[15] Stability analysis of Percis et al. Focusing on optimizing thermal generation, unit commitment decisions,
green energy corridors and economical dispatch in the presence of RES. Emphasizing the need
for an optimized network with spinning reserves and storage to manage
RES variability.
[16] Greening the grid: Palchak et al. Discusses the feasibility of integrating 100 GW solar and 60 GW wind
integrating 175 GW of into India's power grid. Highlights that with planned transmission and
renewable energy generation capacity expansion, minimal renewable energy (RE)
curtailment can be achieved. Stressing the importance of regulations,
operational rules, and market mechanisms in unlocking power system
flexibility for RE integration.
[17] FACTS devices for Chorghade et al. Modern FACTS devices offer advantages in controlling both active and
reactive power reactive power flow in transmission lines, primarily focusing on reactive
compensation and power compensation.
power flow control
[18] Inertia and the power Denholm et al. Inverter-based resources can replace synchronous generators in power
grid: a guide without grids, offering faster response times and reducing the need for traditional
the spin inertia-based frequency control.
[19] Dynamic stability Dhal Optimal STATCOM location and tuning via particle swarm optimization
analysis by a selection significantly enhance dynamic stability in power systems.
of the optimal location
of STATCOM
[20] Evaluation of technical Marco Tina et al. Wind power can decrease system stability, but additional wind turbines
solutions to improve and fast-acting exciters can improve rotor angle and frequency stability.
transient stability in SVC and STATCOM devices are effective for frequency control.
power systems with
wind power generation
[21] Transient stability of He et al. Inverter-based generation impacts power system stability by constraining
power systems power angles, affecting transient stability margin, and critical clearing
integrated with time (CCT).
inverter-based
generation
[22] Hybrid control of a Therattil et al. The proposed hybrid unified power flow controller (UPFC) controller
multi-area multi- effectively dampens inter-area oscillations in multi-machine power
machine power system systems.
with FACTS devices
[23] Modified WOA-based Singh and Saini A novel controller is introduced to optimally fine-tune the parameters of
battery-STATCOM the battery-STATCOM.
The optimal tuning of the Battery-STATCOM controller is achieved
through the utilization of a rule-based modified WOA.
[24] Reactive power Lan and Du To counter potential voltage instability from system disturbances, a
compensation for wind STATCOM device is crucial for supplying reactive power, ensuring
farms based on enhanced stability in the wind power system, as evidenced by simulation
STATCOM results in this study.
[25] Modelling, control, Sharma et al The paper comprehensively explores diverse aspects of STATCOM,
stability, optimal encompassing models, test systems, and findings from various research
location, integration, endeavors. It delves into the modeling, control technology, stability,
application, and optimal placement, applications, and installation of STATCOM.
installation

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Figure 3. Typical SLD-400kV RES pooling substation

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BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS

Chelladurai Chandarahasan is currently pursuing his Ph.D. from Dr. M.G.R.

Education and Research Institute. He obtained his B.E. from Anna University, Guindy, and
M.Tech. from Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai. His specialization in
PG is Electrical Power Systems. His research interests include renewable energy sources,
power system stability analysis, wide area monitoring and control systems (WAMS), and
power system communication. He is presently working as an assistant executive engineer at
TANGEDCO Ltd (Subsidiary of TNEB Ltd), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. He can be
contacted at email: [email protected].

Edwin Sheeba Percis obtained her B.E. from Madras University and M.E. from
Anna University. She received her Ph.D. degree from Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research
Institute. Her specialization in PG is Power Electronics and Drives. Her research interests
include renewable energy technology, power system simulation studies, power electronics,
transmission and distribution. She is presently working as a professor of the Electrical and
Electronics Engineering Department at Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute,
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. She has a strong association with the Ministry of Rural
Development, Government of India, for the implementation of the DDU-GKY scheme in the
state of Tamilnadu through an 8.83 crore funded project as project head and authorized
signatory. She can be contacted at email: [email protected].

Optimizing resilience in large-scale integration of renewable energy … (Chelladurai Chandarahasan)