G9-Unit7
G9-Unit7
occur (v)
occurrence (n) /əˈkɜːrəns/ sự xảy ra, diễn ra
/əˈkɜːr/
xảy ra
permit (v) permission (n) /pərˈmɪʃn/ sự phụ thuộc
/pərˈmɪt/ permissible (adj) /pərˈmɪsəbl/ có thể phụ thuộc
cho phép permissive (adj) /pərˈmɪsɪv/ phụ thuộc
possess (v) possession (n) /pa'zejn/ sự chiếm hữu, sở hữu
/pə’zes/ possessive (adj) /pəˈzesɪv/ sở hữu, chiếm hữu
có, sở hữu possessive (n) /pəˈzesɪv/ hình thái sở hữu
possessively
(adv) /pəˈzesɪvli/ sở hữu, chiếm hữu
support (v) support (n) /səˈpɔːrt/ sự ủng hộ, giúp đỡ
/səˈpɔːrt/ supporter (n) /səˈpɔːrtər/ nhà tài trợ, người ủng hộ
ủng hộ, supportive (adj) /səˈpɔːrtɪv/ ủng hộ, động viên, khích lệ
giúp đỡ
III. GRAMMAR
Câu trực Câu gián tiếp
tiếp
Đại từ nhân xưng you I/ he/ she/ we/ they
I she/ he
we we/ they
Tính từ sở hữu your my/ his/ her/ our/ their
my her/ his
our our/ their
Đại từ sở hữu yours mine/ his/ hers/ ours/ theirs
mine hers/ his
ours ours/ theirs
Tân ngữ you me/ him/ her/ us/ them
us us/ them
me him/ her
Đại từ phản thân myself/ herself/ himself/ ourselves/
yourself themselves
myself herself/ himself/
ourselves themselves
Bước 2: Lùi thì
Thì của câu gián tiếp sẽ lùi một thì so với câu trực tiếp. Dưới đây là quy tắc lùi thì:
Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp E.g.
Thì hiện tại đơn Thì quá khứ đơn He said: “Do you know her?”
(Present Simple) (Past Simple) He asked if I knew her.
She said: “Is Lan running?”
Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn She asked me if Lan was
(Present Continuous) (Past Continuous) running.
We said: “Have you been
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành Thì quá khứ hoàn thành here?” We asked if you
(Present Perfect) (Past Perfect) had been here.
Thì quá khứ đơn Thì quá khứ hoàn thành Mom said: “Was he at home
(Past Simple) (Past Perfect) yesterday?” Mom asked
me if he had been at home
the previous day.
Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn Thì quá khứ hoàn thành Teacher said: “Were you
(Past Continuous) tiếp diễn talking?” Teacher asked if
(Past Perfect I had been talking.
Continuous)
can could He said “Can you do it?”
He asked me if I could do it.
may might Quynh said “May 1 be with
you?” Quynh asked if she
might be with me.
will would She said: “Will he come
home?” She asked if he
would come home.
Bước 3: Đổi các mốc thời gian hoặc nơi chốn trong câu
Những cụm từ chỉ thời gian và địa chỉ cũng sẽ thay đổi khi được chuyển thành
dạng trần thuật, cụ thể như sau:
today/ tonight that day/ that night
now/ at the moment then/ at that moment
tomorrow the day after/ the following day/ the next day
yesterday the day before/ the previous day
ago before
next + time the + time + after/ the following + time/the next + time
last + time the + time + before/ the previous + time.
here there
this that
these those
3. Câu gián tiếp dạng câu hỏi Yes/No
Với dạng câu hỏi Yes/No thông thường, câu gián tiếp sẽ có cấu trúc như sau:
S + asked + if / whether + S (đổi ngôi) + V (lùi thì)...
E.g. She said: “Do you like coffee?” She asked if I liked coffee.
I said to her: “Can I help you?” / asked whether I could help her.
My teacher said: “Have you finished your homework?” My teacher asked if we
had finished our homework?
* Lưu ý:
Tuy nhiên, đôi khi chúng ta sẽ bắt gặp các trường hợp ngoại lệ của dạng câu hỏi Yes/No
như sau:
CÂU HỎI Đây là dạng mẫu câu giao tiếp vô cùng thông dụng trong đời
YÊU CẦU sống. Khi gặp phải trường hợp này ta có thể sử dụng cấu trúc:
LỊCH SỰ S + asked me + to + V-inf + (O)
He said: “Can you do me a favor?”
He asked me to do him a favor.
She said: “Would you mind opening the door for me?”
She asked me to open the door for her
CÂU HỎI Chuyển câu hỏi đuôi thành câu gián tiếp thường và lược bỏ câu
ĐUÔI hỏi đuôi.
My mother said: “He was a pilot, wasn’t he?”
My mother asked if he had been a pilot.
We said: “He is a good doctor, isn’t he?”
We said that he was a good doctor and assumed that he
was.
IV. PRATICE
Exercise 1: Match the words with their explanations.
1. discover A. impressive because of its size or beauty
2. annual B. to think about something carefully
3. hesitate C. the top of a mountain or hill
4. urgent D. to happen/ take place
5. possess E. to respect somebody for what they have done
F. to be the first person to find that a particular place or thing
6. admire exists
G. to be unwilling to do something because you feel uncertain or
7. majestic
nervous
8. peak H. needing to be dealt with immediately
9. consider I. happening once every year
10. occur J. to have or own something
Your answers:
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. _____ 5. _____
6. _____ 7. _____ 8. _____ 9. _____ 10. _____
4. Visitors had better plan their trip in advance due to restricted access T
to the islands.
8. Puerto Ayora, the main town, has limited shopping and dining F
options.
Exercise 13. Complete the following reported speech.
1. “Did you finish your homework last night?”, my mother asked me.
My mother wanted to know whether I had finished my homework the night
before.
2. “Are there a hundred pupils in your class?”, Tom asked me.
Jack asked me if there were a hundred pupils in my class.
3. “Will the government take action to protect nature?”, Mary asked Tim.
Mary asked Tim whether the government would take action to protect nature.
4. “Have you enjoyed the vacation here?”, Linda asked them.
Linda wanted to know if they had enjoyed the vacation there.
5. “Do you enjoy the facilities at my hotel?”, Ms. Lee asked us.
Ms. Lee wanted to know whether we enjoyed the facilities at her hotel.
6. “Can I watch a movie before going to bed tonight?”, the boy asked his mom.
The boy asked his mom if he could watch a movies before going to bed tonight.
7. “Have you ever traveled to London before?”, Lan asked Mai.
Lan wanted to know if Mai had ever traveled to London before.
8. “Will tourism harm the environment in this area?”, the tourist asked.
The tourist wanted to know if tourism would harm the environment in that area.
9. “Have you ever been to these natural wonders?”, Linh asked me.
Linh asked me if I had ever been to those natural wonders.
10. “Are we going to the beach or the mountains tomorrow?”, Tu asked Ha.
Tu asked Ha whether they were going to the beach or the mountains the
following day.
Exercise 14. Rewrite the sentences using reported speech. Number 0 is
an example for you.
0. “Do you enjoy the trip?”, the tour guide asked me.
The tour guide asked me if I enjoyed the trip.
1. “Can we go to the Amazon Rainforest next summer vacation?”, the child asked
his mother.
_The child asked his mother if they could go to the Amazon Rainforest the next
summer vacation._
2. “Is this butterfly species native to the area?”, the tourist asked him.
_The tourist asked him whether that butterfly native to the area. __
3. “Will you visit Ha Long Bay tomorrow?”, Tom asked his aunt.
_Tom asked his aunt if he would visit HLB the next day. _
4. “Did you watch the news yesterday, My?”, John asked.
__John asked My if she had watched the news the day before. _
5. “Are you ready to explore a natural wonder?”, Mr. Joey asked his sons.
__Mr. Joey asked his sons if they were ready to explore a natural wonder. __
6. “Are you interested in trying my country’s cuisine?”, Nam asked me.
_Nam asked me if I was interested in trying his country’s cuisine. __
7. “Have you finished your homework today?”, my teacher asked Tom.
_My teacher asked Tom of he had finished his homework that day. ___
8. “Have you ever tried these delicious traditional dishes, Rose?”, Minh asked.
_Minh asked Rosy if she had ever tried those delicious traditional dishes. __
9. “Are you coming to the party tonight?”, my friend asked me.
_My friend asked me if I was coming to the party that night. ___
10. “Are these the main topics I need to study for the exam?”, the student asked
the teacher.
__The student asked the teacher if those were the man topics he needed to study
for the exam. __