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Column Design Exercises

design of column both short and long

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sinabubaraga felicien
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34 views

Column Design Exercises

design of column both short and long

Uploaded by

sinabubaraga felicien
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COLUMN DESIGN EXERCISES

The main difference between braced and unbraced columns is that braced columns have lateral
support and can resist bending stress, while unbraced columns do not:

 Braced columns

Have lateral support and can resist bending stress. Bracing can be provided by diagonal steel
members or a concrete core. In braced construction, beams and columns are designed to only
resist vertical loads, as the bracing system is assumed to carry all lateral loads.

 Unbraced columns
Do not have lateral support and are only designed to resist axial loads. In an unbraced frame,
horizontal displacements of nodes can increase over time, reducing the column's resistant
capacity and leading to instability.

The image appears to depict four different scenarios (labeled a, b, c, and d) related to
structural analysis, likely focusing on the effects of bracing on column stability.

Key Elements:
 Unbraced vs. Braced: The top two scenarios (a and b) compare an unbraced column
(a) with a braced column (b).
 Loads and Dimensions: Numbers like 100, 500, 400, etc., likely represent loads (in
some unit, possibly pounds or Newtons) and dimensions (possibly in feet or meters).
 PΔ Effect: The term "PΔ" likely refers to the "P-delta effect," a phenomenon in
structural analysis where axial load (P) and lateral deflection (Δ) interact to amplify
lateral deflections.
 K Factor: The "K" factor is related to column effective length, which accounts for
how the column is restrained at its ends.
 Moment Diagrams: The lower two scenarios (c and d) seem to show moment
diagrams, representing the distribution of bending moments along the columns.

Interpretation of Individual Scenarios:

Scenario a (Unbraced):

 The column is not braced, making it more susceptible to lateral deflections due to the
PΔ effect.
 The K factor is 2.0, indicating a higher degree of lateral flexibility.
 The moment diagram shows a significant increase in bending moment towards the top
of the column.

Scenario b (Braced):

 The column is braced, reducing the PΔ effect and increasing stability.


 The K factor is 1.0, indicating a lower degree of lateral flexibility.
 The moment diagram shows a more evenly distributed bending moment compared to
the unbraced case.

Scenario c:

 This scenario likely represents the analysis of a column under a combined axial load
and a lateral load.
 The moment diagram shows the distribution of bending moments due to both loads.

Scenario d:

 This scenario might involve a similar analysis as scenario c, but with different loading
conditions or column properties.

Inferences:

 The image highlights the importance of bracing in improving column stability and
reducing the effects of PΔ.
 The K factor plays a crucial role in determining the effective length of a column and
its susceptibility to lateral deflections.
 Moment diagrams provide valuable insights into the distribution of bending moments
within a column, aiding in structural design and analysis.

Further Information:
To gain a more accurate and detailed understanding, it would be helpful to have additional
context, such as:

 The units for loads and dimensions.


 The specific structural material and cross-sectional properties of the columns.
 The purpose of the analysis (e.g., design, assessment, research).

Question 1:

Question 2:
The lengths and proposed section dimensions for the columns and beams in a multistorey
building are shown in Fig. 9.22. Determine the effective lengths and slenderness ratios for the
XX and YY axes for the lower column length AB, for the two cases where the structure is
braced and unbraced. The connection to the base and the base itself are designed to resist the
column moment.
Question 3:
Determination of axial load acting on column C1 The axial load on column is calculated by
considering the load from the influence area (these load include beam, slab, wall, finishes,
ceiling and so on)
Question 4:

A short braced column is subjected to a design ultimate load of 1480 kN and an ultimate
moment of 54 kNm. The column section is 300 mm×300 mm. Determine the area of steel
required. The materials are grade C30 concrete and grade 460 reinforcement. Assume 25 mm
diameter bars for main reinforcement and 8 mm diameter link. The cover on the links is 25
mm.
Question 5:

Figure 9.8 shows a frame of a heavily loaded industrial structure for which the center columns
along line PQ are to be designed in this example. The frame at 4 m centers, are braced against
lateral forces and support the following floor loads;

 Dead load gk= 10 kN/m2


 Live load qk=15 kN/m2
Question 6:

Design of a column for a biaxial bending 0.30 The column section shown in figure 2 is to be
designed to resist an ultimate axial load of 1200 kN plus moments of Mx = 75 kNm and My =
80 kNm. The characteristic material strengths are fcu=30N/mm2 and fy=460N/mm2.
Question 7:

Design of a non- rectangular column section Design the reinforcement for the non-rectangular
section shown in figure below given M=320kNm, N=1200kN. At the ultimate limit state and
the characteristic material strengths are fcu=30N/mm2 and fy=460 N/mm2.
Question 8:

slender column ,A braced column of 300 × 450 mm cross-section resists at the ultimate limit
state an axial load of 1700 kN and end moments of 70 kNm causing double curvature about
the minor axis XX as shown in figure 9.20 . the column ‘s effective heights are Lex=6.75 m
and Ley=8.0 m and the characteristic Material strengths are concrete grade 30 and the fy=
460N/mm2
Slenderness ratios are:
end

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