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- Valence Electron Practice

valence

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nicolas.romero
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6 views

- Valence Electron Practice

valence

Uploaded by

nicolas.romero
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Read this box, carefully

Valence Electron Practice: The Octet Rule

● Atoms love to have a full valence shell. The first shell can hold up to 2 electrons, the second
shell can hold 8, and the third shell can hold 8.
● The outermost electrons have the most energy.
● When their valence shell isn’t full, atoms will do anything they can to complete the shell.
They might:
○ Give 1-2 electrons away to another atom
○ Steal 1-2 electrons from another atom
○ Share some electrons with another atom

*The closer an atom is to a full valence shell, the more aggressively it will try for a full valence shell

Example: Let’s look at Lithium:

Lithium has 1 valence electron, so it really, really wants to give it away...it wants to give the electron
away to an atom that’s missing one valence electron, like maybe Chlorine! Let’s look at Chlorine:

Chlorine would LOVE to have that electron so it can fill up its valence shell.
Lithium and chlorine look at each other like:

Optional Valency Video - watch if you want some more background before moving on!
Instructions:
1. Complete the information for the element that you’re given for buddy 1.
a. Atomic number = number of protons & electrons
b. Atomic mass - atomic number = number of neutrons (subtraction!)
2. Complete a Bohr model for buddy one (you can drag the red electrons to the correct places or draw the
Bohr model somewhere else and add it here)
3. Complete the valence electron information
4. Based on buddy 1’s valence electron information, choose a buddy from the Periodic Table that would
fulfill buddy 1’s valence electron dreams.
5. Repeat for buddy 2!
Buddy 1 Buddy 2

Element: Sodium Element:


Number of protons: __11__ Number of protons: ____

Number of neutrons: __12__ Number of neutrons: ____

Number of electrons: __11___ Number of electrons: _____

Number of valence electrons: _1___ Number of valence electrons: ____


How many more electrons would I need to fill my How many more electrons would I need to fill my
valence shell? ___7_ valence shell? ____

Element: Fluorine Element:

Number of protons: ____ Number of protons: ____

Number of neutrons: ____ Number of neutrons: ____

Number of electrons: _____ Number of electrons: _____

Number of valence electrons: ____ Number of valence electrons: ____


How many more electrons would I need to fill my How many more electrons would I need to fill my
valence shell? ____ valence shell? ____

Element: Oxygen Element:

Number of protons: ____ Number of protons: ____

Number of neutrons: ____ Number of neutrons: ____

Number of electrons: _____ Number of electrons: _____

Number of valence electrons: ____ Number of valence electrons: ____


How many more electrons would I need to fill my How many more electrons would I need to fill my
valence shell? ____ valence shell? ____

Element: Neon Element:


Number of protons: ____
Number of protons: ____
Number of neutrons: ____
Number of neutrons: ____
Number of electrons: _____
Number of electrons: _____

Number of valence electrons: ____


How many more electrons would I need to fill my Number of valence electrons: ____
valence shell? ____ How many more electrons would I need to fill my
valence shell? ____
Challenge time!

Up until this point, you’ve been coming up with buddies to form 2-atom molecules, but think of the
compounds that you know that are made up of more than 2 atoms. How do you think they might bond?

1. Choose one of the compounds below,

Ex:
H2O
CO2
O3
CH4
O2

2. Create a Bohr Model for each of the elements in the compound

3. Draw a diagram of how you think 1 molecule of the compound bonds together. You can do this digitally,
or draw a picture and take a photo. Explain your diagram in a sentence or two.

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