AWS_A5_8M_Final-PV
AWS_A5_8M_Final-PV
8:2019
An American National Standard
Specification for
Filler Metals for
Brazing and
Braze Welding
AWS A5.8M/A5.8:2019
An American National Standard
Approved by the
American National Standards Institute
May 21, 2019
11th Edition
Prepared by the
American Welding Society (AWS) A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials
Approved by the
AWS Board of Directors
Abstract
This specification prescribes the requirements for the classification of brazing filler metals for brazing and braze welding.
The chemical composition, physical form, and packaging of more than 120 brazing filler metals are specified. The braz-
ing filler metal groups described include aluminum, cobalt, copper, gold, magnesium, nickel, palladium, silver, titanium,
and brazing filler metals for vacuum service. Information is provided concerning the liquidus, the solidus, the brazing
temperature range, and general areas of application recommended for each brazing filler metal. Additional requirements
are included for manufacture, sizes, lengths, and packaging. A guide is appended to the specification as a source of infor-
mation concerning the classification system employed and the intended use of the brazing filler metals for brazing and
braze welding.
This specification makes use of both the International System of Units (SI) and U.S. Customary Units. Since these are
not equivalent, each must be used independently of the other.
AWS A5.8M/A5.8:2019
Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only or the internal, personal, or
educational classroom use only of specific clients is granted by the American Welding Society provided that the appropri-
ate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750–8400;
Internet: www.copyright.com.
ii
AWS A5.8M/A5.8:2019
All standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the American
Welding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the
American National Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, or
made part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmen-
tal bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards
must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and
regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the
AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS stand-
ard must be by agreement between the contracting parties.
AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that brings
together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers the proc-
ess and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or
verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.
AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether
special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance
on this standard. AWS also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information pub-
lished herein.
In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other services for or
on behalf of any person or entity, nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone
else. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the
advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. It is
assumed that the use of this standard and its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and competent personnel.
This standard may be superseded by new editions. This standard may also be corrected through publication of amend-
ments or errata, or supplemented by publication of addenda. Information on the latest editions of AWS standards includ-
ing amendments, errata, and addenda is posted on the AWS web page (www.aws.org). Users should ensure that they have
the latest edition, amendments, errata, and addenda.
Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade name. Users of this standard accept
any and all liabilities for infringement of any patent or trade name items. AWS disclaims liability for the infringement of
any patent or product trade name resulting from the use of this standard.
AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.
Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request,
in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society,
Attention: Managing Director, Standards Development, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166 (see Annex D). With
regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. These
opinions are offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not constitute professional advice. Such
opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individuals do not speak
on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS. In addi-
tion, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials. It must
be reviewed every five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations,
additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are requested and should be
addressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS A5 Committee on Filler
Metals and Allied Materials and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committee’s response to the com-
ments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials to
express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are pro-
vided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the
American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166.
iii
AWS A5.8M/A5.8:2019
Foreword
This foreword is not part of this standard but is included for informational purposes only.
This document is the third of the AWS A5.8 specification revisions that makes use of both the International System of
Units (SI) and U.S. Customary Units. The measurements are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
independently of the other without combining values in any way. In selecting rational metric units, AWS A1.1, Metric
Practice Guide for the Welding Industry, and International Standard ISO 544, Welding consumables—Technical delivery
conditions for filler materials and fluxes — Type of product, dimensions, tolerances and markings, are used where suit-
able. Tables and figures make use of both SI Units and U.S. Customary Units, which with the application of the specified
tolerances provides for interchangeability of products in both the SI Units and U.S. Customary Units.
The current document is the tenth revision of the initial joint ASTM/AWS document issued in 1952. The practice of issu-
ing filler metal specifications as joint AWS/ASTM documents was discontinued shortly after the original version of this
specification was issued. The 1969 revision and all subsequent versions, developed and published by AWS, have been
certified by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The evolution of AWS A5.8M/A5.8, Specification for
Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding, is shown below:
ASTM B260–52T, AWS A5.8–52T Tentative Specification for Brazing Filler Metal;
ASTM B260–56T, AWS A5.8–56T Tentative Specification for Brazing Filler Metal;
AWS A5.8–62T, ASTM B260–62T Tentative Specification for Brazing Filler Metal;
AWS A5.8–69, Specification for Brazing Filler Metal;
ANSI/AWS A5.8–76, Specification for Brazing Filler Metal;
ANSI/AWS A5.8–81, Specification for Brazing Filler Metal;
ANSI/AWS A5.8–89, Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing;
ANSI/AWS A5.8–92, Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding;
AWS A5.8/A5.8M:2004, Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding;
AWS A5.8M/A5.8:2011, Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding; and
AWS A5.8M/A5.8:2011-AMD 1, Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding
The present edition, which supersedes AWS A5.8M/A5.8:2011-AMD1, includes the following updates:
(1) Two new brazing filler metals are added; BNi-15 and BNi-16.
(2) Chemical composition has been adjusted for several classifications: Zr and Hf in the BTi group; a revised Be limit
for the BAlSi group; a revised Cd limit for non-Cd BAg filler metals; and a Ni correction to classifications RBCuZn-A
and RBCuZn-B.
(3) ASTM B215 has been added to provide a metal powder sampling standard.
(4) ASTM E1371–05, Standard Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Phosphorus in Phosphorus-Copper
Alloys or Phosphorus-Copper-Silver Alloys, is no longer listed as a reference analytical method. It is included in Annex
C, however, as a suggested analysis approach for certain phosphorus ranges.
All substantive updates within this document are italicized and underlined. A vertical line in the margin indicates a revi-
sion of that item from the previous edition.
vii
AWS A5.8M/A5.8:2019
The user’s attention is called to the possibility that compliance with this standard may require use of an invention covered
by patent rights.
By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the validity of any such claim(s) or of any patent rights
in connection therewith. If a patent holder has filed a statement of willingness to grant a license under these rights on
reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms and conditions to applicants desiring to obtain such a license, then details may
be obtained from the standards developer.
Comments and suggestions for the improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to the Secretary, AWS
A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials, American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 St, #130, Miami, FL
33166.
viii
AWS A5.8M/A5.8:2019
Table of Contents
Page No.
Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
List of Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x
List of Figures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x
1. General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2. Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3. Classification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
4. Acceptance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
5. Certification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
6. Rounding Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
7. Summary of Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
8. Retest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
9. Chemical Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
10. Sieve Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
11. Melt Cleanliness Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
12. Spatter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
13. Binder Content of Transfer Tape. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
14. Method of Manufacture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
15. Standard Forms, Sizes, and Tolerances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
16. Brazing Filler Metal Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
17. Packaging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
18. Marking of Packages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Annex A (Informative)—Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Annex B (Informative)—Guide to AWS A5.8M/A5.8:2019, Specification for Filler Metals for
Brazing and Braze Welding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Annex C (Informative)—Analytical Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Annex D (Informative)—Requesting an Official Interpretation on an AWS Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
AWS Filler Metal Specifications by Material and Welding Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
AWS Filler Metal Specifications and Related Documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
List of AWS Documents on Brazing and Soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
ix
AWS A5.8M/A5.8:2019
List of Tables
Table Page No.
1 Chemical Composition Requirements for Silver Brazing Filler Metals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 Chemical Composition Requirements for Gold Brazing Filler Metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3 Chemical Composition Requirements for Aluminum and Magnesium Brazing Filler Metals. . . . . . . . . . . 5
4 Chemical Composition Requirements for Copper, Copper-Zinc, and Copper-Phosphorus
Brazing Filler Metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5 Chemical Composition Requirements for Nickel and Cobalt Brazing Filler Metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6 Chemical Composition Requirements for Titanium and Titanium-Zirconium Brazing Filler Metals. . . . . . 8
7 Chemical Composition Requirements for Brazing Filler Metals for Vacuum Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8 Powder Mesh Designations and Particle Size Distribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9 Standard Forms and Sizes of Brazing Filler Metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
10 Tolerances for Wrought Wire and Rod. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
11 Tolerances for Foil Strip and Sheet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
B.1 Comparison of Classifications with ISO 17672. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
B.2 Solidus, Liquidus, and Recommended Brazing Temperature Ranges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
B.3 Discontinued Brazing Filler Metal Classifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
List of Figures
x
AWS A5.8M/A5.8:2019
1. General Requirements
1.1 Scope. This specification prescribes requirements for the classification of filler metals for brazing and braze welding.
It includes brazing filler metals for brazing with or without a flux and in all protective atmospheres for various applications,
including those for vacuum service.1 In the case of composite products – flux cored wire or rods, flux-coated rods,
transfer tape, or paste – this standard covers only the filler metal that forms part of such products.
1.2 Units of Measurement. This specification makes use of both the International System of Units (SI) and U.S.
Customary Units. The measurements are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the
other without combining in any way when referring to material properties. The specification with the designation A5.8M
uses the International System of Units. The specification A5.8 uses U.S. Customary Units. The latter are shown within
brackets ([ ]) or in appropriate columns in tables and figures. Standard dimensions based on either system may be used
for the sizing or packaging of brazing filler metal, or both, under A5.8M or A5.8 specifications.
1.3 Safety. Safety issues and concerns are addressed in this standard, although health issues and concerns are beyond the
scope of this standard. Some safety and health information can be found in non-mandatory Annex B, clauses B5 and B10.
Safety and Health information is available from the following sources:
American Welding Society:
(1) ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes
(2) AWS Safety and Health Fact Sheets (see Annex B, clause B10)
(3) Other safety and health information on the AWS website
Material or Equipment Manufacturers:
(1) Safety Data Sheets supplied by the materials manufacturers
(2) Operating Manuals supplied by equipment manufacturers
Applicable Regulatory Agencies
Work performed in accordance with this standard may involve the use of materials that have been deemed hazardous, and
may involve operations or equipment that may cause injury or death. This standard does not purport to address all safety
and health risks that may be encountered. The user of this standard should establish an appropriate safety program to
address such risks as well as to meet applicable regulatory requirements. ANSI Z49.1 should be considered when devel-
oping the safety program.
2. Normative References
The standards listed below contain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute mandatory provisions of this
AWS standard. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced standard shall apply. For dated references,
subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply.
1
Filler metals for vacuum service are for devices operating in vacuum service, regardless of the atmosphere used in making the joint.