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MCQ on Quality Control

1. What does QA and QC stand for?
a) Quality Assurance and Queuing Control
b) Quality Adjustment and Quality completion
c) Quality Assurance and Quality control
d) Quality Adjustment and Queuing control

Answer: c
Explanation: QA stands for Quality Adjustment. QA is concerned with the functions related to
the attainment of the required quality. QC stands for Quality control. QC is sustaining the
product quality practically and ensuring that it meets the requirements given.

2. What is QA?
a) It is the measurement of degree to which a product satisfies the need
b) Any systematic process used to ensure quality in the process
c) Process of identifying defects
d) It is a corrective tool
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Answer: b
Explanation: QA is a systematic process which ensures the quality of the product and
guarantees to the user that product will be safer and more reliable.

3. Which of the following option is correct regarding QA and QC?

a) QC is an integral part of QA
b) QA is an integral part of QC
c) QA and QC are independent to each other
d) QC may or may not depend on QA

Answer: a
Explanation: QC is based on the measurements as it concerned with practical means. Metrology
is an important tool of quality assurance.

4. Which of the following option involves material and component control?

a) Development of standards
b) Development of specification
c) Quality control
d) Feedback

Answer: c
Explanation: Quality and measurement control involves component control. Specification and
design involve the development of specifications, designs and standards. Marketing and
servicing involves feedback.

5. Arrange the steps of QA in ascending order?

a) Customer needs, material control, design development, process control, marketing
b) Material control, process control, customer need, design development, finished product
c) Customer needs, design development, material control, process control, finished product
d) Material control, servicing, process control, material control, design development

Answer: c
Explanation: Scheme of QA starts with customer need. They have to be converted into the
development of a specification, followed by quality and measurement control, material control
and convert into the finished product.

6. What is the first step of QA?

a) Development of standards
b) Identification of customer need
c) Servicing
d) Material control

Answer: b
Explanation: Identification of customer need is the first step of QA after which further basic
elements of QA are identified. QA depends not only on QC but also on the activities of the entire
company.

7. Match the following:

A) Quality assurance - 1) Process oriented

B) Quality control - 2) National physical laboratory
C) Quality management - 3) Product oriented
D) National measurement system - 4) Overall programmer of QA
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a) A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1

b) A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
c) A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
d) A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2

Answer: c
Explanation: A quantitative management is a management representative, responsible for
resolving all matters pertaining to quality and independent of other functions.

8. Which of the following is an example of QA?

a) Verification
b) Software testing
c) Validation
d) Documentation

Answer: a
Explanation: Software testing and validation are the examples of QC. Validation is an example of
QA. QC is a system for coordinating the efforts of groups in an organization to improve quality.

9. Which of the following option is not correct regarding QA and QC?

a) Process capabilities should be monitored on intermittent basis
b) Measuring equipment’s must have a calibration certificate
c) Normally many inspections are done during the process of manufacturing
d) QA depends on the activities of the entire company

Answer: a
Explanation: Process capabilities are controlled on a continuous basis. These are used to
eliminate and detect potential causes of non-conformance.

10. Where the nodal point for National Measurement System is located?
a) Bangalore
b) Patna
c) Bombay
d) New Delhi

Answer: d
Explanation: Nodal point for national measurement system is NPL and located in New Delhi. It
has responsibilities like the development and management of national standards, evaluation of
measuring techniques etc.

11. LCL for the R chart is given by ____

a) D3 R
b) D2 R
c) R – D3 R
d) d2 R

Answer: a
Explanation: LCL for an R chart is always given by the following equation,
LCL = D3 R.
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12. In the general equation of UCL of a control chart, for any x chart, which of these is used as
the estimator of μ?

Answer: c
Explanation:

13. Which of these gives the correct value of A2 used in the equation for control limits of a x
control chart?

Answer: a
Explanation: The value of A2 used in the equation of control limits of a x control chart is given by
following equation,

14. In phase I application of x and R chart, the control limits obtained from the equations are
treated as ______
a) Final limits
b) Trial limits
c) Warning limits
d) Pattern limits

Answer: b
Explanation: The obtained limits from the equation of control limits for a x and R chart, are
generally treated as Trial limits. They allow us to determine whether the process was in control
when the m initial samples were taken.

15. Which term is having a closest meaning as Sampling Distributions?

a) Control charts
b) On site inspection
c) Whole lot inspection
d) Acceptance sampling
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Answer: a
Explanation: The term “control charts” is having a closest meaning to “sampling distribution”
because, control charts are also plotted on the data obtained from the sample inspection and
also, they show variation in sample data.

16. Process capability generally uses ____

a) Specifications
b) Control Limits
c) Process standard deviation
d) Mean of any one sample

Answer: b
Explanation: Process capability studies make use of the specifications of any certain Critical-to-
quality characteristic or quality characteristic to estimate the performance of any process.

17. The process standard deviation is given by ____

a) R/d2
b) Rd2
c) 1/d2
d) R/d

Answer: a
Explanation: The process standard deviation may be estimated by using the following equation,

18. For any process, the sample ranges are, 1.2,1.5,1.1,1.4,1.5. The subgroup size is 5. What will
be the process standard deviation? Given: d 2=2.326 and A2=0.577
a) 0.576
b) 2.322
c) 0.511
d) 2.463

Answer: a
Explanation: We know that,

19. A tolerance diagram is also called ____

a) Scatter diagram
b) Defect concentration diagram
c) Histogram
d) Tier chart

Answer: d
Explanation: The run chart of individual observations in each sample is called the tolerance
diagram for any process. The tolerance diagram is also called Tier chart of the process.

20. Is there any relationship between specification limits and control limits of x and R charts?
a) Yes, Specification limits = Control limits
b) Yes, Control limits=Specification limits/2
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c) No
d) Yes, Control limits*0.5 = Specification limits

Answer: c
Explanation: There is no certain relationship defined; between the control limits of x and R
charts and the specification limits of any quality characteristic.

21. Control limits are ___

a) Limits defined by customers
b) Limits driven by the natural variability of the process
c) Limits driven by the inherent variability of the process
d) Statistical limits

Answer: b
Explanation: The control limits are the limits for a quality characteristic for a process to be in-
control. They are driven by the natural variability of the process.

22. The natural variability of the process is measured by ____

a) Process mean
b) Sample standard deviation
c) Process standard deviation
d) Sample mean

Answer: c
Explanation: The natural variability of any process is the main factor affecting the control limits
of any quality characteristic while plotting a control chart. They are measured by process
standard deviation, σ.

23. What type of chart will be used to plot the number of defectives in the output of any
process?
a) x bar chart
b) R chart
c) c chart
d) p chart

Answer: d
Explanation: The number of defectives in the samples of the output of a process is monitored by
the p chart and the number of defects is monitored by a “c chart”.

24. Which quality is measured as a foundation of requirement…?

a) Hardware
b) Programmers
c)Software
d) None of the mentioned

25. Select which option is not true about SQA…?

a) Audits and reviews to be performed by the team
b) Amount of technical work to be performed
c) Evaluations to be performed
d) Documents that are produced by the SQA team.