CHAPTER 1: CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

1. A magnesium ribbon is burnt in oxygen to give a white compound ‘X’ accompanied by 2

emission of light.
(i) Write the chemical formula of ‘X’.
(ii) Write the balanced chemical equation when ‘X’ is dissolved in water.
Ans: i) MgO
ii) MgO + H2O  Mg(OH)2
2. A solution of a substance ‘X’ is used for white washing. 3
(i) Name the substance ‘X’ and write its formula.
(ii) Write the reaction of the substance ‘X’ named in (i) above with water.
Ans: i) CaO and calcium oxide (Quick lime)
ii) CaO + H2O  Ca(OH)2
3. Solid calcium oxide was taken in a container and water was slowly added to it. 3
(i) a) Write the observation.
b) Write the chemical formula of the product formed.
(ii) Give the chemical equation for what happens when carbon dioxide is bubbled through
limewater: (a) in small amount (b) in excess.
Ans: i) a) Lots of heat generated
b) Ca(OH)2
ii) a) lime water turns milky: Ca(OH)2 + CO2  CaCO3 + H2O
b) Milkiness disappears: CaCO3 + H2O + CO2  Ca(HCO3)2
4. A white salt upon heating decomposes to give brown fumes and a residue is left behind. 2
(i) Name the salt, (ii) Write the equation for decomposition reaction.
Ans: i) Pb(NO3)2
ii) 2Pb(NO3)2  2PbO + 4NO2 + O2
5. A solution of potassium chloride when mixed with silver nitrate solution gives an insoluble 3
white substance.
(i) Translate the above statement into chemical equation.
(ii) State two types for the classification of this reaction.
Ans: i) KCl + AgNO3  AgCl + KNO3
ii) Double displacement reaction
Precipitation reaction
6. X + YSO4  XSO4 + Y 1
Y + XSO4  No reaction
Of the two elements ‘X’ and ‘Y’ which is more reactive and why?
Ans: X is more reactive because it displaces Y from its salt solution and does not get displaced by Y
7. A student takes 2 mL of ethanoic acid in a dry test tube and adds a pinch of sodium 1
hydrogencarbonate to it. He reports the following observations:
I. Immediately a colourless and odourless gas evolves with a brisk effervescence.
II. The gas turns the limewater milky when passed through it.
III. The gas burns with an explosion when a burning splinter is brought near it.
IV. The gas extinguishes the burning splinter that is brought near it.
The correct observations are:
(A) I, II and III (B) II, III and IV (C) III, IV and I (D) I, II and IV
Ans: (D) I, II and IV
8. Identify the substance oxidised and the substance reduced in the chemical reaction: 1
MnO2 + 4HCl  MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
Ans: Substance oxidised: HCl
Substance reduced: MnO2
9. When the powder of a common metal is heated in an open china dish, its colour turns black. 2
However, when hydrogen is passed over the hot black substance so formed, it regains its
original colour. Based on the above information answer the following questions:
i) What type of chemical reaction takes place in each of the two given steps?
ii) Name the metal initially taken in the powder form. Write balanced chemical equations for
both reactions.
Ans: i) In the first step Copper gets oxidised to copper (II) and in the next step copper (II) gets
reduced to copper.
ii) Copper.
Cu + O2  2CuO
CuO + H2  Cu + H2O
10. Identify the type of reaction in the following examples: 3
i) Na2SO4 (aq) + BaCl2(aq)  2NaCl (aq) + BaSO4(s)
ii) Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq)  FeSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)
iii) 2H2 + O2 2H2O
Ans: i) Double displacement
ii) Single displacement
iii) Combination
11. Suggest two salts that are used in black and white photography 1
Ans: AgCl and AgBr
12. Write the balanced chemical equation for the following reaction: 3
(A) Silver nitrate + zinc Silver + zinc nitrate
(B) Aluminium + Copper Chloride  Aluminium Chloride + Copper
(C) Barium Chloride + Potassium Sulphate  Barium Sulphate + Potassium Chloride
Ans: a) Zn + 2AgNO3  Zn(NO3)2 + 2Ag
b) 2Al + 3CuCl2  2AlCl3 + 3Cu
c) K2SO4 (aq) + BaCl2(aq)  2KCl (aq) + BaSO4(s)
13. (i) Explain the following terms with one example each: 5
(a) Corrosion (b) Rancidity
(ii) State one advantage and one disadvantage of corrosion.
(iii) State the various methods for preventing rancidity of food.
Ans: i) Refer to textbook
ii) Advantage: Oxide layer formed over Al during corrosion makes it useful for packing food
even though Al is very reactive.
Disadvantage: Corrosion of iron leads to many structural damages.
iii) Refer to textbook
14. On heating copper powder in air the surface of copper powder becomes coated with black 2
CuO. How can this black coating be converted into brown copper? Write chemical equation
for the reaction that occurs during the colour change.
Ans: By passing hydrogen gas over black coating
CuO + H2  Cu + H2O
15. Balance the following chemical equations. Write the symbols of physical states of all the 2
reactants and the products:
∆
(i) KCIO3 + → KCI + O2
(ii) Fe + H2O  Fe3O4 + H2
Ans: ∆
i) 2KCIO3(s) → 2KCI (s) + 3O2(g)
(ii) 3Fe (s) + 4H2O (g)  Fe3O4 (s) + 4H2(g)
16. (a)Mention two observations which you will make on heating ferrous sulphate crystals in a 3
boiling tube.
(b) On placing a zinc plate in copper sulphate solution, it was observed that the zinc plate
 develops holes after a few days. Give chemical equation to explain this.
(c) Silver chloride turns grey when exposed to sunlight. Give chemical equation to explain it.
Ans: a) Characteristic smell of burning sulphur due to formation of SO2 and
brown coloured residue due to Fe2O3 is formed.
b) Zn + CuSO4  ZnSO4 + Cu
𝑠𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
c) 2AgCl + → 2Ag + Cl2
17. What happens when an aqueous solution of sodium sulphate reacts with an aqueous solution 3
of barium chloride? State the physical conditions of reactants in which the reaction between
them will not take place. Write the balance chemical equation for the reaction and name the
type of reaction.
Ans: A white precipitate of BaSO4 is formed.
In solid
Na2SO4 (aq) + BaCl2(aq)  2NaCl (aq) + BaSO4(s)
Double displacement reaction
18. Why is respiration considered an exothermic reaction? 2
Ans: During digestion food breaks down into simpler substances like carbohydrates breaks to
glucose which combines with oxygen in the cell and provides a lot of energy.
19. a) Why is it necessary to balance the chemical equation? 3
b) Give the balance chemical equation for the following:
i) Natural gas burns in air to give carbon dioxide and water
ii) During respiration, glucose combines with oxygen and forms carbon dioxide and water
along with release of energy.
Ans: a) To satisfy law of conservation of mass.
b)i) CH4 + O2  CO2 + 2H2O
ii) C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
20. Give the chemical equation for the reaction due to which following observation is made: 2
a) Brown layer formed on iron articles.
b) A green layer formed on copper utensils.
Ans: a) 2Fe + 3/2O2 + xH2O  Fe2O3.xH2O (brown layer)
hydrated ferric oxide
b) Cu + H2O + CO2 + O2  CuCO3.Cu(OH)2 (green layer)
Basic copper carbonate