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Assignment 2 Physics

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Assignment 2 Physics

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tanishranjan148
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© © All Rights Reserved
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SARALA BIRLA PUBLIC SCHOOL

Mahilong, Ranchi
ASSIGNMENT– 2024-25

Class : XII F.M.:25


Subject : Physics Topic: Dual Nature of light
and Atoms and
Nuclei
For Questions 1 and 2, two statements are given –one labelled Assertion (A) and other labelled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as given below.
A. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation for
assertion.
B. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation for
assertion.
C. Assertion is true but the reason is false.
D. Assertion is false but the reason is true.
E. Both assertion and reason are false.

1. Assertion(A): The number of photoelectrons ejected from a metal increases if the


intensity of the light source is increased for a frequency greater than the
threshold frequency. (1)
Reason(R): An increase in the intensity of light increases the energy of each photon.
2. Assertion (A): In a hydrogen atom there is only one electron but its emission spectrum
shows many lines.
Reason (R): In a given sample of hydrogen there are many atoms each containing one
electron; hence many electrons in different atoms may be in different orbits
so many transitions from higher to lower orbits are possible. (1)
3. In a photoelectric effect experiment, the graph of stopping potential V versus reciprocal of
wavelength λ of incident light for a given material is plotted below. (1)

If the existing material is replaced with another material and the intensity of the light is
increased, which of the following is most likely to happen?
A. The slope theta of the line will increase.
B. The slope theta of the line will decrease.
C. There will not be any change in the graph.
D. The line will cut the 1/λ axis at a different point.

4. The distance of closest approach of an alpha particle is d when it moves with a speed V
towards a nucleus. Another alpha particle is projected with higher energy such that the
new distance of the closest approach is d/2. What is the speed of projection of the alpha
particle in this case? (1)
A. V /2
B. √2 V
C. 2 V
D. 4 V
5. A light of wavelength 330 nm causes photoelectric emission from a metal of
work function 1 eV. What value of collector potential would stop the
photoemission? Take hc = 1240 eV‐ nm (2)
6. A monochromatic light of wavelength 240 nm falls on sodium metal surface that has
threshold wavelength value as 360 nm. Determine the speed of the photoelectrons emitted
from the sodium metal surface. Take hc ~ 2 x 10-16 J-nm and mass of
photoelectron = 9 x 10-31 kg (2)
7. A platinum surface having work function 5.63 eV is illuminated by a monochromatic source
of 1.6 x 10 15 Hz. What will be the minimum wavelength associated with the ejected
electron. (2)
8. Binding energy per nucleon vs mass number curve for nuclei is shown in the figure. W, X,
Y and Z are four nuclei indicated on the curve. Identify which of the following nuclei is
most likely to undergo (i) Nuclear Fission (ii) Nuclear Fusion. Justify your answer.
(2)

9. An atom can attain three possible excited states such that,


- energy of excited atom in the 3rd state is 2 times the energy in ground state
- energy of excited atom in the 2nd excited state is 5/4 times the energy in ground state
Radiation of wavelength λ1 is emitted during the transition from 2nd excited state to the ground
state.
Radiation of wavelength λ2 is emitted during the transition from 3rd excited state to the 2nd
excited state.
Show that wavelength λ1 is thrice the wavelength λ2. (CBQ) (3)

10. Two spectral lines of minimum and maximum energy transitions, constituting the Balmer
series, fall on two metals X and Y of work functions as given below. Which of these metals will
exhibit photoelectric emission? (3)
a. Metal X with work function 1.7 eV.
b. Metal Y with work function 3.1 eV.
Or
After a head-on inelastic collision between two hydrogen atoms that were initially in the ground
states, the two atoms combine and move together into the excited state. (CBQ) (3)

Determine the minimum velocity of the first H atom that can result in the minimum possible
excitation in the second H-atom in this collision.
Assume that in perfectly inelastic collisions between the atoms, the excess KE is used for the
excitation.
Use: 1 eV = 1.6 x 10-19 J and Mass of H-atom = 1.6 x 10-27 kg
11. Explain how does (i) photoelectric current and (ii) kinetic energy of the photoelectrons emitted
in a photocell vary if the frequency of incident radiation is doubled, but keeping the intensity
same? Show the graphical variation in the above two cases. (3)
OR
The graph shows the variation of photocurrent for a photosensitive metal

(a)What does X and A on the horizontal axis represent?


(b)Draw this graph for three different values of frequencies of incident radiation ʋ 1, ʋ 2 and ʋ 3
(ʋ 3>ʋ 2>ʋ1) for the same intensity.
(c) Draw this graph for three different values of intensities of incident radiation I 1, I2 and I3 (I3> I2>I1)
having the same frequency.

12. Case Study Based Question: Photoelectric effect


It is the phenomenon of emission of electrons from a metallic surface when light of a
suitable frequency is incident on it. The emitted electrons are called photoelectrons. Nearly
all metals exhibit this effect with ultraviolet light but alkali metals like lithium, sodium,
potassium, cesium etc. show this effect even with visible light. It is an instantaneous
process i.e. photoelectrons are emitted as soon as the light is incident on the metal surface.
The number of photoelectrons emitted per second is directly proportional to the intensity of
the incident radiation. The maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons emitted from a
given metal surface is independent of the intensity of the incident light and depends only on
the frequency of the incident light. For a given metal surface there is a certain minimum
value of the frequency of the incident light below which emission of photoelectrons does
not occur. (4)
(I) In a photoelectric experiment plate current is plotted against anode potential.

(A) A and B will have same intensities while B and C will have different frequencies
(B) B and C will have different intensities while A and B will have different frequencies
(C) A and B will have different intensities while B and C will have equal frequencies
(D) B and C will have equal intensities while A and B will have same frequencies.
(II) Photoelectrons are emitted when a zinc plate is
(A)Heated
(B) hammered
(C) Irradiated by ultraviolet light
(D) subjected to a high pressure
(III) The threshold frequency for photoelectric effect on sodium corresponds to a wavelength of
500 nm. Its work function is about
(A) 4x10−19 J
(B) 1 J
(C) 2x10−19 J
(D) 3x10−19 J
(IV) The maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted from a surface when photons of
energy 6 eV fall on it is 4 eV. The stopping potential is
(A) 2 V
(B) 4 V
(C) 6 V
(D) 10 V
OR
The minimum energy required to remove an electron from a substance is called its
(A) work function
(B) kinetic energy
(C) stopping potential
(D) potential energy

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